HISTORICAL    SKETCH 


OLD  SIXTH  REGIMENT 


OP 


THREE     CAMPAIGNS 


IN  1861,  1862,  1863,  AND  18ul 


CONTAINING  THE   HISTORY   OF   THE    SEVERAL  COMPANIES    PREVIOUS 

TO  1861,   AND   THE  NAME  AND  MILITARY  RECORD  OF   EACH 

MAN  CONNECTED   WITH  THE  REGIMENT 

DURING  THE  WAR. 


By   JOHN    W.  HANSON,   Chaplain. 
l\ 


US'fy.A'-r.l>    BY        ,  ^IIS. 


BOSTON: , 
LEE     AND     SHEPARD. 

1866. 


E 


\3 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1865,  by 

JOHN  W.  HANSON, 
In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  District  of  Massachusetts. 


Cambridge  $rfss. 

T>  A  K  I    y      AND      M   E  T  C  A 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

THE  FRONTISPIECE.  At  the  top  of  the  page  is  a  photograph  of  NEFP- 
HAM,  and  under  him  is  his  monument  in  Lawrence.  On  the  left  hand  is 
WHITNEY,  on  the  right  is  LADD,  with  the  Lowell  monument  between. 

COL.  JONES,  HIS  FIELD  AND  STAFF.  Dr.  Paine  occupies  the  upper  left- 
hand  corner;  Lizzie  Jones,  the  Daughter  of  the  Regiment,  is  next;  and  Q. 
M.  Monroe  is  next.  Below  Dr.  Paine,  is  Lieut.-Col.  Watson;  Col.  Jone.-  is 
next;  and  Maj.  Sawtell  is  next.  On  the  lower  left-hand  corner  is  Dr. 
Smith;  Adj.  Farr  is  next  to  him;  and  Chaplain  Babbidge  is  on  the  right- 
hand  lower  corner. 

COL.  FOLLANSBEE,  HIS  FIELD  AND  STAFF.  Dr.  Sargent  is  at  the  top 
of  the  page;  Q.  M.  Coburn  is  below  on  the  left  of  him.  Dr.  Pinkham,  on 
right  of  him ;  and  Q.  M.  Farrar,  immediately  under  him.  On  the  left, 
under  Q.  M.  Coburn,  is  Maj.  Allen;  and  on  the  right  is  Adj.  Coleman. 
Col.  Follansbee  fills  the  centre  of  the  picture,  Dr.  Burnham  on  the  right, 
and  Chaplain  Hanson  on  the  left.  Lt.-Col.  Beal  is  below  Col.  Follansbee, 
on  the  left  of  the  page,  and  Maj.  Stott  on  the  right.  Immediately  under 
the  colonel,  is  Q.  M.  Wise.  Dr.  Humphrey  is  on  the  left-hand  lower 
comer,  and  Dr.  Bass  on  the  right-hand  lower  corner. 


fv!l239QO 


PREFACE. 


THE  author  has  endeavored  to  keep  pace  with  the  rapid 
changes  that  have  taken  place  during  the  progress  of  these 
pages  through  the  press ;  and  he  believes  he  has  recorded 
most  of  those  relating  to  the  members  of  the  regiment. 
The  rosters  have  been  shown  to  a  large  number  of  officers 
and  men,  and  he  has  sought  to  make  them  as  complete  as 
possible.  He  has  given  a  plain,  unvarnished  account  of 
the  adventures  of  the  regiment  during  its  three  campaigns ; 
and  he  believes  that  it  is  as  nearly  a  literal  record  of  the 
transactions  it  professes  to  narrate  as  it  is  possible  to  write. 
Nothing  has  been  omitted  that  the  most  careful  inquiry 
could  elicit,  and  no  attempt  has  been  made  to  exercise  the 
imagination.  He  sends  his  sketch  forth,  commending  it, 
with  his  best  wishes,  to  those  whose  acquaintance  and 
friendship  he  will  ever  value,  —  the  present  and  past  mem 
bers  of 
THE  SIXTH  REGIMENT  OF  MASSACHUSETTS  VOLUNTEERS. 


Cjxe  Cjim  Hl0ni|js'  Campaign. 


THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 


INTRODUCTION. 

N  the  history  of  the  greatest,  as  well  as  most 
groundless,  rebellion  that  ever  convulsed  the 
earth,  the  part  performed  by  the  Sixth  Regi 
ment  of  Massachusetts  Volunteers  will  always 
occupy  an  honorable  place ;  for  it  was  fortunate 
enough  to  furnish  the  first  hero-martyrs  to  lay 
down  their  lives  for  their  country,  and  to  stand  at  the 
head  of  the  long,  bright  roll  inscribed  with  the  names 
of  the  brave  men  who  have  sealed  their  patriotism 
with  their  blood,  during  the  tremendous  civil  strife  of 
1861-5.  This  honor  should  not,  however,  be  ascribed 
to  its  mere  good  fortune  ;  for  it  was  an  exalted,  patriotic 
zeal  and  fervor  that  impelled  it  to  be  first,  rather  than 
any  stroke  of  luck,  that  placed  the  name  of  the  regi 
ment  on  so  bright  a  page  of  its  country's  history. 


TH«EE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 


Many  of  its  members  had  long  cherished  the  military 
spirit,  and  that,  too,  at  a  time  when  that  spirit  was  nearly 
dead  in  Massachusetts ;  and  some  of  the  company  organ 
izations  were  among  the  earliest  formed  in  the  State,  and 
had  for  years  been  the  propagating  nurseries  of  that  pa 
triotism  which  rallied  to  the  defence  of  Constitutional  Lib 
erty  and  Law,  when  they  were  assailed  by  traitors.  It 
was  the  drill  in  quiet  times ;  the  holiday  show  which 
evoked  the  derision  of  the  philanthropist,  and  the  op 
position  of  the  advocate  of  peace ;  the  parade  and  mus 
ter,  on  which  too  many  looked  as  the  mere  entertainment 
Of  a  day,  of  no  practical  utility ;  it  was  this  that  pre 
pared,  and  had  in  readiness,  the  men  and  the  arms,  and 
the  needed  skill,  when  the  occasion  called  for  their  use 
in  the  stern  work  of  actual  service. 

At  such  a  time,  —  when  the  military  spirit  had  nearly 
died  out  in  the  State ;  when  the  militia  of  Massachusetts 
was  about  obsolete,  and  the  soldier  in  uniform  was  looked 
upon  by  thousands  as  a  mere  popinjay,  half  fuss  and  half 
feathers, — one  far-seeing  man,  in  whose  prophetic  mind  the 
events  of  the  near  and  fast-approaching  figure  had  begun 
to  shape  themselves,  commenced  to  revive  the  State  mil-  • 
itary  ;  and  by  his  influence  as  chief  executive,  and,  also, 
through  the  legislature  and  the  people,  he  resurrected  the 
militia  system,  and  gave  it  new  vitality  and  force.  And  it 
is  largely  to  the  influence  of  Gov.  N.  P.  BANKS,  that  we 
owe  the  re-organization  and  efficiency  of  that  system  that 
was  in  comparative  readiness,  when  the  great  occasion 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          11 

called  for  it,  to  stand  between  the  Government  and  trea 
son, —  the  country  and  its  enemies. 

As  will  be  seen  in  the  course  of  the  following  pages, 
the  regiment  whose  history  is  here  chronicled  occupies 
its  distinguished  position  because  it  had  given  heed  to 
the  injunction  of  the  Father  of  his  Country,  and  had,  in 
time  of  peace,  prepared  for  war.  It  was  owing  to  the 
cultivation  of  the  military  spirit  through  the  previous 
years,  that  it  was  ready  when  the  great  emergency  came. 

THE   FIRST   BLOW   STRUCK. 

The  latent  treason  that  had  been  ripening  its  poison 
for  forty  years  in  the  southern  portion  of  the  Republic, 
on  the  election  of  Abraham  Lincoln  to  the  Presidency  of 
the  United  States  proceeded  to  overt  rebellion.  It  was 
confined  to  resolutions  and  words,  until  April  12,  1861, 
when  it  assaulted  the  flag  of  the  country.  The  telegraph 
flashed  the  tidings  as  soon  as  the  act  was  perpetrated ;  so 
that  on  the  same  day  that  the  guns  of  South  Carolina 
were  turned  on  the  gallant  garrison  in  Fort  Sumter, 
they  found  echoes  in  twenty  million  loyal  hearts.  The 
anxiety  and  excitement  that  everywhere  prevailed  were 
terrible.  A  handful  of  soldiers  had  been  forced  to  sur 
render  to  thousands  of  traitors,  and  the  entire  people 
were  resolved  to  punish  the  perpetrators  to  the  bitter 
end.  Civil  war  was  inaugurated;  and  the  President 
called  for  a  special  session  of  Congress,  and  for  seventy- 


12          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

five  thousand  men  to  "  rally  round  the  flag,"  and  rush  to 
the  defence  of  their  country  and  government.  The  re 
sponse  was  magnificent.  The  plough,  the  loom,  the  ledger, 
the  bar,  the  pulpit,  all  the  avocations  of  ordinary  life, 
were  abandoned ;  and  men  of  all  conditions  and  circum 
stances  flew  to  arms,  and  gave  their  cheerful  response 
to  the  call  of  the  nation's  Chief  Magistrate. 

First  to  offer  its  services ;  first  to  reach  its  State's 
capital ;  first  to  reach  the  nation's  capital ;  first  to  in 
flict  suffering  on  traitors  ;  first  to  attest  its  sincerity  with 
its  blood,  —  was  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  Regiment  of 
Volunteer  Militia. 

PRELIMINARY   STEPS. 

When  it  seemed  probable  to  far-seeing  men  that  there 
would  be  trouble  with  the  refractory  spirits  in  the  South, 
and  while  the  most  of  people  did  not  foresee  the  coming 
storm,  a  meeting  was  called  at  the  suggestion  of  Maj.  Gen. 
B.  F.  Butler,  of  the  officers  of  the  regiment,  to  arrange  for 
future  contingencies.  It  was  held  in  the  American 
House,  Lowell,  January  21,  1861.  At  that  meeting, 
Major  B.  F.  Watson  presented  a  resolution,  pledging  the 
services  of  the  regiment  to  the  Government ;  and  the 
proposition  received  the  unanimous  support  of  the  officers. 
It  was  carried  to  Boston  by  Gen.  Butler,  who  was  then 
in  the  Massachusetts  Senate,  and  was  by  him  read  in  the 
Legislature.  The  resolution  reads  as  follows :  — 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          13 

Resolved,  That  Col.  Jones  be  authorized  and  requested,  forth 
with,  to  tender  the  services  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  to  the  Com- 
inander-in-Chief  and  Legislature,  when  such  service  may  be 
come  desirable,  for  the  purposes  contemplated  in  General  Order 
No.  4. 

This  was  probably  the  first  act  of  the  volunteer  militia 
of  the  country  to  meet  the  approaching  strife. 

The  readiness  of  the  regiment  to  meet  the  danger 
thrust  upon  the  nation  is  largely,  perhaps  entirely,  due  to 
Gen.  Butler's  sagacity.  When  the  time  comes  to  write 
the  history  of  the  war,  his  name  will  fill  a  space  second 
to  that  occupied  by  but  few  others.  In  devotedness  to 
his  country,  in  fertility  of  resources  to  overcome  new  and 
trying  emergencies,  in  complete  success  where  most 
would  have  failed,  Gen.  Butler  has  had  no  superior,  ff  he 
has  had  an  equal. 

RESPONSE   TO   THE   CALL. 

When  at  length  the  call  came,  telegrams  and  expresses 
flew  to  all  parts  of  the  command,  notifying  the  members 
of  the  regiment ;  some  of  the  officers  —  Col.  Jones 
among  them  —  riding  all  night  on  their  patriotic  errands. 
The  "  Middlesex  villages  and  farms "  then  heard  the 
pounding  of  hoofs  and  the  alarum  cry  of  danger,  as  in 
the  olden  time  they  had  listened  to  the  midnight  ride  of 
Paul  Revere.  The  official  call  came  April  15th,  as  fol 
lows  :  — 


14          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

COMMONWEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS, 

ADJUTANT  GENERAL'S  OFFICE,  Boston,  April  15,  1861. 
COL.  JONES: 

Sir,  —  I  am  directed  by  His  Excellency  the  Commander-in 
Chief  to  order  you  to  muster  your  regiment  on  Boston  Common, 
forthwith,  in  compliance  with  a  requisition  made  by  the  President 
of  the  United  States.  The  troops  are  to  go  to  Washington. 

By  order  of  His  Excellency  the  Commander-in-Chief. 

WM.  SCHOULER,  Adjutant  General. 

The  members  of  the  regiment,  when  its  numbers  were 
fully  made  up,  were  scattered  over  four  counties,  —  Mid 
dlesex,  Essex,  Suffolk  and  Worcester,  —  and  in  more 
than  thirty  towns  ;  and  yet,  with  but  few  hours'  notice, 
the  bulk  of  them  mustered  early  on  the  morning  of  the 
16th,  and  the  rest  within  a  few  hours  after,  making  in 
all  about  seven  hundred  men  and  officers,  ready  at  this 
first  call  to  don  the  armor  of  actual  war. 

PARTING   CEREMONIES. 

The  Groton,  Acton,  and  Lawrence  companies  received 
most  enthusiastic  farewells,  the  whole  of  those  communi 
ties,  indeed,  being  roused  to  the  intensest  pitch  of  excite 
ment  ;  and  bidding  good-by  to  their  friends,  they  hast 
ened  to  the  rendezvous  in  Lowell,  where,  with  the  four 
Lowell  companies,  they  made  up  the  original  Sixth. 

Lawrence  manifested  its  patriotism  in  manifold  ways. 
On  the  departure  of  the  two  Lawrence  companies,  the 
city  government  made  an  appropriation  of  five  thousand 
dollars  towards  the  assistance  of  the  members,  and  the 
comfort  of  their  families ;  spontaneous  mass  meetings 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.  15 

were  held,  attended  by  the  people,  and  addressed  by  the 
clergy  and  the  principal  citizens ;  and  resolutions  were 
passed,  approving  the  action  of  the  city  government, 
and  pledging  the  entire  resources  of  the  city  in  aid  of 
the  war.  The  first  meeting  held  after  the  fall  of  Sumter 
was  organized  by  the  choice  of  Hon.  Artemus  Harmon, 
President ;  Dr.  S.  Sargent,  Hon.  Albert  Warren,  Hon. 
Daniel  Saunders,  Jr.,  Major  B.  F.  Watson,  Levi  P. 
Wright,  John  C.  Hoadley,  N.  W.  Harmon,  Geo.  S.  Mer 
rill,  Geo.  W.  Hills,  and  Lamson  Rice,  Vice  Presidents ; 
and  E.  T.  Colby  and  John  K.  Tarbox,  Esqs.,  Secretaries. 
The  spirit  that  animated  the  people  was  one  that  will  ever 
honor  the  city  in  the  minds  of  all  who  hereafter  shall  read 
that  page  in  her  history. 

As  the  companies  left  for  Lowell,  the  enthusiasm  of  the 
people  knew  no  bounds.  The  day  was  cold  and  dismal ; 
rain  and  sleet  were  falling :  —  but  the  multitude  of  the 
population  attended  the  companies  to  the  cars ;  and,  at  the 
station,  the  largest  crowd  ever  seen  in  the  city  bade  them 
God-speed  with  tears  and  prayers. 

When  the  regiment  had  assembled  in  Huntington 
Hall,  Rev.  Amos  Blanchard,  D.  D.,  read  the  Eightieth 
Psalm,  after  which  addresses  of  a  patriotic  character 
were  made  by  the  Mayor,  Hon.  B.  C.  Sargent,  A.  R. 
Brown,  Esq.,  T.  H.  Sweetzer,  Esq.,  Capt.  Peter  Hag- 
gerty,  Hon.  Linus  Child,  Col.  G.  F.  Sawtell,  and  Hon. 
Tappan  Wentworth.  All  party  divisions  and  distinctions 
were  abandoned ;  and  those  who,  during  subsequent 


16          THE   THREE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

stages  of  the  struggle,  endeavored  to  embarrass  the  Gov 
ernment,  were  prompt  to  urge  the  citizen  soldiery  to  rally 
to  the  capital. 

Future  generations  will  find  it  difficult  to  imagine  the 
excitement  that  pervaded  all  classes  and  conditions  of 
this  portion  of  the  people  of  the  old  Bay  State.  The 
fires  that  burned  at  Concord  and  Lexington,  in  the  days 
of  '76,  had  only  been  smouldering,  and  they  flashed  with 
all  their  old  brightness  at  the  first  demonstration  of  armed 
rebellion.  After  the  eight  companies  had  been  addressed 
by  Hon.  B.  -C.  Sargent,  Mayor  of  Lowell,  and  as  they 
were  departing,  the  entire  population  of  that  busy  city 
thronged  after  them.  Never  did  that  city  know  a  sensa 
tion  more  profound. 

Men  in  all  positions  encouraged  those  who  went. 
Money  was  contributed  by  the  wealthy ;  professional  men 
proffered  their  services  gratuitously ;  and  the  soldiers  and 
their  families  became  objects  of  the  tender  regard  of  all. 
Mayor  Sargent,  on  his  own  authority,  assured  the  sol 
diers,  ere  they  departed,  that  they  and  their  families 
should  be  cared  for  by  the  city ;  and  the  city  government 
promptly  responded  by  unanimously  voting  eight  thou 
sand  dollars,  to  be  used  for  that  purpose,  by  a  joint  com 
mittee.  Sacrifices  were  made  by  men  and  officers,  such 
as  might,  before  the  fact,  have  been  deemed  impossible. 
Not  only,  like  their  revolutionary  ancestry,  did  they  leave 
the  plough  in  the  furrow^  but  business  and  professional 
men,  without  a  moment's  hesitation,  abandoned  every 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          17 

prospect  and  engagement.  Many  instances  might  be 
given.  Major  Watson  had  but  two  hours'  notice  ;  but 
he  locked  the  door  of  his  law  office,  leaving  a  large 
docket  to  look  out  for  itself,  and  most  important  business 
interests,  and  for  four  months  saw  and  knew  nothing  of 
them.  Nor  was  he  alone.  Lucrative  positions,  profita 
ble  professional  pursuits  of  the  most  important  character, 
were  counted  as  nothing,  and  were  abandoned  as  cheer 
fully  and  with  as  noble  a  spirit  as  men  ever  carried  into 
their  country's  defence.  In  the  uniforms  of  privates 
stood  many  qualified  to  grace  any  station  in  life, — the 
peers  of  any  in  high  official  position,  —  who  had  forsaken 
places  of  great  emolument  for  a  soldier's  poor  remunera 
tion. 

In  Boston,  excited  thousands  escorted  them  to  Faneuil 
and  Boylston  Halls,  and,  on  the  next  day,  to  the  State 
House  ^  where  they  exchanged  their  old  muskets  for  the 
modern  rifle,  and  where  they  were  addressed  by  Gov. 
Andrew  in  language  glowing  with  patriotic  fervor,  and 
full  of  faith  in  their  efforts  to  sustain  the  government. 
He  then  presented  the  regimental  colors  to  Col.  Jones. 

On  presenting  the  flag,  Gov.  Andrew  said :  — 

Soldiers,  summoned  suddenly,  with  but  a  moment  for  prepara 
tion,  we  have  done  all  that  lay  in  the  power  of  men  to  do,  —  all 
that  rested  in  the  power  of  your  State  Government  to  do, —  to  pre 
pare  the  citizen  soldiers  of  Massachusetts  for  this  service.  We 
shall  follow  you  with  our  benedictions,  our  benefactions,  and 
prayers.  Those  whom  you  leave  behind  }-ou  we  shall  cherish  in 
2 


18          THE    THREE  M  o  N  T  H  s '    CAMPAIGN. 

our  heart  of  hearts.  You  carry  with  you  our  utmost  faith  and 
confidence.  We  know  that  you  never  will  return  until  you  can 
bring  the  assurances  that  the  utmost  duty  has  been  performed, 
which  brave  and  patriotic  men  can  accomplish.  This  flag,  sir, 
take  and  bear  with  you.  It  will  be  an  emblem  on  which  all  eyes 
will  rest,  reminding  you  always  of  that  which  you  are  bound  to 
hold  most  dear. 

In  reply,  Col.  Jones  said  :  — 

Your  Excellency,  you  have  given  to  me  this  flag,  which  is  the 
emblem  of  all  that  stands  before  you.  It  represents  my  whole 
command ;  and  so  help  me  God,  I  will  never  disgrace  it ! 

Before  leaving  the  city,  the  youthful  daughter  of  the 
colonel,  Lizzie  Clawson  Jones,  was  adopted  as  Daughter 
of  the  Regiment. 

During  the  day,  the  companies  from  Worcester,  Stone- 
ham,  and  Boston  joined  the  regiment,  —  attached  to 
other  regiments  in  the  organization  of  the  State  militia,  but 
detached  from  their  own  regiments  for  that  purpose ; 
and,  at  seven  in  the  evening,  they  took  up  their  line  of 
march  for  the  Worcester  depot,  where  the  cars  were 
taken  for  Washington.  Along  the  route,  the  firing  of 
cannon,  ringing  of  bells,  shouts  of  people,  and  all  possible 
demonstrations  of  applause,  were  heard  ;  and  at  Worces 
ter, 'the  military,  fire-department,  and  thousands  of  peo 
ple,  lined  the  track  as  the  train  passed  along.  In  New 
York,  the  streets  were  literally  packed  with  soldiers  and 
people  to  honor  them.  At  noon,  the  18th,  they  left 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          19 

the  city,  via  Jersey  City,  at  which  place,  and  all  through 
New  Jersey,  similar  crowds  attended  them,  making  their 
entire  journey  one  grand  ovation,  such  as  no  regiment 
ever  before  received.  At  Philadelphia,  beyond  all  other 
places,  their  reception  was  enthusiastic.  So  dense  were 
the  crowds,  that  the  regiment  could  only  move  through 
the  streets  by  the  flank.  The  officers  were  sumptuously 
entertained  at  the  Continental  Hotel ;  and  the  soldiers 
were  quartered  at  the  Girard  House,  then  new,  and  en 
tirely  empty  and  unfurnished.  Worn  out  with  the  fatigue 
and  excitement  of  two  days,  they  were  glad  to  spread 
their  blankets  for  the  soldier's  great  blessing,  sleep. 

FIRST   NOTE    OP   ALARM. 

The  regiment  had  scarcely  retired  to  rest  in  Philadel 
phia,  when  the  long  roll  sounded,  and  they  were  obliged 
to  turn  out,  leaving  Philadelphia  at  one  o'clock,  A.  M., 
April  19,  to  write  the  first  bloody  line  in  the  history  of 
the  sanguinary  war,  the  opening  scenes  of  which  were 
distinguished  by  some  of  those  singular  coincidences  that 
have  been  numerous  in  its  progress.  If  it  had  been  in 
the  power  of  the  government,  for  dramatic  and  patriotic 
effect,  to  arrange  the  programme  in  the  best  possible 
manner,  could  any  other  day  have  been  so  propitious  for 
treason  to  strike  down  its  first  victims,  as  the  anniversary 
of  the  day,  on  which  was 

"  Fired  that  shot  —  heard  round  the  world  "  — 


20          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

at  Lexington,  April  19,  1775  ?  And  is  it  not  remark 
able,  that  some  of  the  descendants  of  the  very  men  who 
then  shed  their  blood  in  the  beginning  of  the  first  great 
war  for  independence,  should  have  been  the  first  to  fall 
in  the  last,  and  that,  too,  on  the  same  immortal  day  ? 
The  nineteenth  of  April  will,  hereafter,  unite  Lexington 
and  Baltimore  on  the  page  of  American  history;  for 
each  begun  a  long  and  bloody  war,  and  Middlesex  county 
was  represented  in  both  conflicts. 

REGIMENTAL   DRESS. 

The  regimental  dress  at  this  time  was  far  from  "uni 
form."  Each  company  was  literally  an  independent  one 
in  apparel.  Company  A  had  changed  its  name  to  the 
National  Greys,  and  its  uniforms  were  being  made ;  but 
they  were  unfinished,  and  they  left  for  Washington  with 
blue  frocks  and  black  pantaloons,  tall  round  caps,  and 
white  pompons.  Company  B  wore  the  United  States 
regulation  uniform ;  that  is,  dark  blue  frocks,  and  light 
blue  trowsers.  Company  C  wore  gray  dress  coats,  caps, 
and  pantaloons,  and  trimmings  yellow.  Company  D,  the 
same  as  C,  with  buff  trimmings.  E  and  F  were  dressed 
like  B ;  and  G  wore  blue  dress  coats.  Company  H,  gray 
throughout.  Company  I,  caps,  and  dark  blue  frocks  and 
red  pants,  in  the  French  style.  Company  K  wore  gray  ; 
and  company  L  was  dressed  in  blue. 

At  the  instance  of  Gen.  Butler,  Gov.  Andrew  provided 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          21 

all  with  excellent  gray  overcoats,  so  that  quite  an  ap 
pearance  of  uniformity  was  preserved. 

Before  coming  home,  however,  they  were  furnished 
with  a  sort  of  Zouave  suit,  consisting  of  gray  voltigeur 
jackets,  single-breasted,  with  full  trowsers,  and  Fez  caps 
with  dark  tassels  for  fatigue,  and  gray  hats  turned  up  at 
the  side,  with  red  trimmings,  for  "  dress."  Some  of  the 
boys  thought  there  was  a  march  of  two  or  three  hours 
inside  their  trowsers'  legs.  The  officers  wore  the  Mas 
sachusetts  State  uniform,  —  dark  blue  frocks,  light  blue 
trowsers,  with  broad  white  stripes  on  the  sides. 

The  adoption  of  gray  by  the  rebels,  gradually  induced 
our  soldiers  to  wear  the  old  national  color,  blue,  until  it 
was  compelled  by  army  regulations. 

DANGER  AHEAD! 

While  the  soldiers  were  seeking  repose,  Col.  Jones 
had  a  conference  with  Brig.  Gen.  P.  S.  Davis,  of  the 
First  Brigade,  Massachusetts  Militia  (afterwards  colonel 
of  the  39th  Massachusetts, — killed  at  Petersburg,  July 
11,  1864),  who  had  been  sent  forward  by  Gov.  Andrew, 
to  arrange  subsistence  and  transportation,  and  who  had 
heard  the  most  exciting  rumors  and  threats  from  Balti 
more.  Gen.  Davis  related  them  to  Col.  Jones,  and  also 
the  opinions  of  prominent  Philadelphians,  as  well  as  his 
own,  that  there  would  be  a  stormy  time  of  it  when  the 
regiment  should  reach  the  Monumental  City;  and  he 


22          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

declined  to  take  the  responsibility  of  ordering  the  regi 
ment  either  to  go  on,  or  to  wait  further  information. 
Col.  Jones'  reply  was,  "My  orders  are  to  reach  Washing 
ton  at  the  earliest  possible  moment,  and  I  shall  go  on." 
Gen.  Davis,  extending  his  hand,  replied,  "  Colonel,  if  you 
go  on,  I  shall  go  with  you."  The  only  fear  Col.  Jones 
expressed,  in  continuing  the  conference,  was,  that  the 
train  might  be  destroyed  by  an  obstruction  on  the  track, 
or  by  the  destruction  of  a  bridge,  causing  a  wholesale 
slaughter,  for  which  the  friends  of  the  regiment  would 
hold  him  responsible;  but  he  added,  "My  orders  are 
peremptory,  and,  whatever  may  be  the  consequences,  I 
must  proceed." 

These  officers  then  went  to  the  depot  of  the  Phila 
delphia  and  Baltimore  R.  R.,  and  had  an  interview  with 
Hon.  S.  M.  Felton,  President  of  the  road,  and  arranged 
that  he  should  despatch  a  pilot  engine,  in  advance  of  the 
train,  and  take  every  precaution  to  avoid  a  casualty. 
Then  the  regiment  was  aroused ;  and  all  possible  care  was 
taken  in  embarking  the  men,  so  that,  if  called  upon  to  de 
bark  suddenly,  they  would  be  in  regimental  line.  The 
car  containing  the  field  and  staff  was  at  the  head  of  the 
train.  At  Havre-de-Grace,  the  cars  were  not  run  off 
the  ferry-boat  in  the  order  in  which  they  went  on,  and 
the  train  for  the  rest  of  the  way,  of  course,  did  not  con 
vey  the  regiment  in  its  proper  order.  This  derange 
ment,  as  will  be  seen  subsequently,  changed  the  fate  of 
men,  conferring  the  laurel  crown  of  martyrdom  on  those 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          23 

who  otherwise  would  have  lost  that  distinguished  honor. 
Man  proposes  ;   God  disposes. 

Company  K,  Captain  Sampson,  was  to  have  had  the 
left,  and  thus,  with  Major  Watson,  would  have  had  the 
post  of  honor,  but  for  the  derangement  at  Havre-de- 
Grace,  which  misplaced  the  companies,  so  that,  on  their 
arrival  in  Baltimore,  company  D  occupied  the  position 
of  company  K,  and  company  L,  which  belonged  on  the 
right,  was  transferred  to  the  left.  Thus  the  projected 
programme  was  broken  up,  so  that,  on  a  sudden  call,  con 
fusion  would  be  sure  to  ensue.  This  derangement  does 
not  seem  to  have  been  observed;  for, on  debarking,  Maj. 
Watson  took  his  position  with  company  K,  supposing  he 
was  with  the  extreme  left  of  the  battalion. 

ARRIVAL   IN   BALTIMORE. 

At  every  station,  communication  was  had  with  the 
railroad  officials  in  Baltimore  and  constant  assurance 
was  received,  that  there  would  be  no  trouble  unless  the 
regiment  provoked  it.  Orders  were  therefore  given  to 
the  band,  to  confine  their  music  to  tunes  that  would  not 
be  likely  to  give  offence,  especially  avoiding  the  popular 
air,  "Dixie."  Quartermaster  Munroe  distributed  twenty 
rounds  of  ball  cartridges  ;  and  Col.  Jones  went  through 
the  cars,  issuing  an  order,  that  the  regiment  should 
march  across  Baltimore  in  column  of  sections.  The  reg 
iment  here  loaded  and  capped  their  rifles.  As  soon  as 


24    THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

the  cars  reached  the  station,  the  engine  was  unshackled, 
horses  were  hitched  to  the  cars,  and  they  were  drawn 
rapidly  away.  Col.  Jones  was  unacquainted  with  this 
practice  of  drawing  the  cars  across  the  city  by  horses, 
and  supposed  that  they  had  not  yet  reached  the  Balti 
more  station,  but  that  when  it  was  reached,  his  march 
would  commence.  He  had  not  the  remotest  idea  that 
the  cars  were  thus  to  be  drawn  across  the  city,  or  he 
would  have  compelled  them  to  stop,  and  have  carried  out 
his  programme.  The  railroad  authorities  had  not  con 
sulted  him,  but  made  unusual  haste,  in  order  to  get 
across  at  that  early  hour,  before  the  mob  would  be  ready 
to  do  violence,  for  the  regiment  was  not  expected  until 
about  noon.  At  that  time  there  was  no  crowd  in  the 
streets,  and  the  whole  appearance  of  the  city  was  un 
usually  quiet.  The  early  arrival  of  the  regiment,  at 
about  10  o'clock,  A.  M.,  evidently  took  the  people  by 
surprise.*  Of  course,  under  these  circumstances,  the 
programme  could  not  be  changed,  and  the  cars  rapidly 
followed  each  other,  all  but  one  arriving  without  particu 
lar  incident. 

*  Chaplain  Babbidge  was  subsequently  in  a  reading-room  in  Annapo 
lis,  and  heard  one  member  of  the  Maryland  Legislature  accuse  another 
of  employing  a  steamboat  load  of  "  roughs  "  to  go  to  Baltimore,  and  help 
destroy  the  Sixth  Massachusetts ;  and,  in  the  conversation  that  followed,  it 
appeared  that  this  gang,  and  many  others,  were  defeated  in  their  plans  by 
the  early  morning  arrival  of  the  regiment.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  a 
later  hour  would  have  made  sad  work  for  them. 


THE    THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          25 
THE   ATTACK. 

Some  slight  demonstrations  were  made  on  one  or  two 
of  the  cars  containing  the  fifth  and  sixth  companies ;  but 
nothing  like  an  attack  was  made  until  the  seventh  car 
started. 

Major  Watson,  as  he  had  been  ordered,  just  before 
reaching  Baltimore,  repaired  to  the  left,  company  K, 
Captain  Sampson,  to  see  the  rear  of  the  battalion  across 
the  city.  He  took  his  position ;  and  as  he  was  about 
ordering  those  in  the  car,  some  fifty  guns,  to  debark, 
standing  on  the  ground  himself  for  that  purpose,  the 
cars  in  advance  were  set  in  motion,  and  whisked  away 
as  by  magic,  across  the  city,  and  in  a  moment  his  own 
car  started,  which  he  thought  was  the  last  one,  containing 
as  it  did,  the  left  of  the  regiment.  He,  of  course,  could 
only  spring  aboard,  and  follow  the  rest  of  the  regiment. 
It  was  no  sooner  started,  than  it  was  attacked  by  clubs, 
paving-stones,  and  other  missiles.  The  men  were  very 
anxious  to  fire  on  their  assailants  ;  but  Maj.  Watson  for 
bade  them,  until  they  should  be  attacked  by  fire-arms. 
One  or  two  soldiers  were  wounded  by  paving-stones  and 
bricks;  and  at  length  one  man's  thumb  was  shot,  when, 
holding  the  wounded  hand  up  to  the  major,  he  asked 
leave  to  fire  in  return.  Orders  were  then  given  to  lie 
on  the  bottom  of  the  car  and  load,  and  rising,  to  fire 
from  the  windows  at  will.  These  orders  were  promptly 
obeyed. 


26    THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

In  the  passage  across  the  city,  the  car  was  three  times 
thrown  from  the  track  ;  Maj.  Watson  each  time  getting 
out,  and  compelling  the  driver  to  assist  in  removing  ob 
structions,  and  getting  in  motion  again. 

Referring  to  the  roster  of  company  K,  the  reader  will 
see  the  names  of  the  first  men  who  were  wounded  in 
this  war,  —  four  in  number.  Moving  with  as  much  ra 
pidity  as  possible,  and  receiving  an  occasional  musket  or 
pistol  shot,  or  a  shower  of  rocks  and  bricks,  the  car 
reached  the  main  body  of  the  regiment,  when  all  were 
surprised  to  learn  that  the  change  of  cars  at  the  ferry 
had  left  a  portion  of  the  regiment  still  behind.  Here 
they  halted  until  the  four  companies  arrived  from  their 
perilous  march  across  the  city. 

By  the  time  the  rear  car  had  arrived,  an  immense 
and  increasing  crowd  had  gathered.  The  police  were 
present  in  force,  and  requested  Col.  Jones  to  order  the 
blinds  of  the  cars  drawn,  and  the  regiment  to  avoid  any 
movement  to  excite  the  mob.  The  cars  ceased  arriving; 
and  Wm.  P.  Smith,  Superintendent  of  the  Baltimore 
and  Ohio  Railroad,  informed  the  commander  that  the 
track  was  so  obstructed  across  the  city,  that  the  four 
companies  still  behind  could  not  be  drawn  across ;  but 
he  said,  "  If  you  will  send  an  order  for  them  to  march 
across,  I  will  deliver  it."  He  passed  Col.  Jones  a  rail 
road  blank,  on  the  back  of  which  he  wrote  in  pencil,  "To 
the  officer  in  command  of  detachment  of  Sixth  Massa 
chusetts  Regiment :  you  will  march  to  this  place  as 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          27 

quick  as  possible  ;  follow  the  railroad  track."  This  order 
was  never  delivered.  In  a  few  minutes,  Hon.  Thomas 
Garrett,  President  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad, 
came  to  Col.  Jones,  saying,  "Your  soldiers  are  firing 
upon  the  people  in  the  streets."  "  Then,"  said  the  com 
mander,  "  they  have  been  fired  upon  first."  "  No,  they 
have  not,"  was  the  response.  Col.  Jones  returned, 
"  My  men  are  disciplined :  my  orders  were  strict,  and  I 
believe  they  have  been  implicitly  obeyed."  Events 
proved  him  correct. 

THE   MARCH 

Meanwhile,  the  remaining  four  companies  found  that 
the  rails  were  so  torn  up,  and  the  streets  so  barricaded, 
that  the  cars  could  not  go  on ;  and  they  debarked,  and 
formed  to  march  on  foot,  the  mob,  which  had  been  ac 
cumulating  until  it  must  have  reached  many  thousands, 
filling  the  streets  as  far  as  the  eye  could  see. 

Capt.  Follansbee,  at  the  desire  of  the  other  officers, 
and  agreeably  to  his  own  wishes,  took  the  command. 
There  were  but  about  two  hundred  arid  twenty  in  the  col 
umn;  and  the  mob  soon  reached  ten  thousand,  at  least. 
The  air  was  filled  with  yells,  oaths,  taunts,  all  sorts  of 
missiles,  and  soon  pistol  and  musket  shots ;  and  Capt. 
Follansbee  gave  the  order  to  fire  at  will.  But  few  of  the 
crowd  were  on  the  front  of  the  column,  but  they  pressed 
on  the  flank  and  rear  more  and  more  furiously.  At  one 


28          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

of  the  bridges  in  Pratt  Street,  a  formidable  barricade, 
with  cannon  to  sweep  the  streets,  not  quite  ready  for 
service,  had  been  arranged.  Here  the  mob  supposed  that 
the  column  would  be  obliged  to  halt ;  but  Capt.  Fol- 
lansbee  ordered  his  command  to  scale  the  barricade.  Be 
fore  the  ruffians  could  follow  over  the  bridge,  or  run 
around  to  intercept  them,  the  soldiers  had  succeeded  in 
getting  quite  a  distance  up  Pratt  Street.  Had  they 
been  compelled  to  halt  at  the  bridge,  it  is  probable  that 
the  small  detachment  would  have  been  annihilated ;  for 
arms  were  multiplying  among  their  assailants,  and  they 
were  becoming  more  furious  every  moment.  Cheers  for 
"  Jeff  Davis,"  and  for  "  South  Carolina,  and  the  South ;  " 
all  sorts  of  insulting  language,  —  such  as  "Dig  your 
graves ! "  —  "  You  can  pray,  but  you  cannot  fight ! "  and 
the  like,  —  were  heard;  but  the  little  battalion  went 
steadily  ahead,  with  no  thought  of  turning  back. 

As  the  gallant  detachment  passed  along  Pratt  Street, 
pistols  and  guns  were  fired  at  them  from  the  windows 
and  doors  of  stores  and  houses  ;  and  our  boys,  getting 
a  little  accustomed  to  the  strange  circumstances  in  which 
they  were  placed,  loaded  their  guns  as  they  marched, 
dragging  them  between  their  feet,  and,  whenever  they 
saw  a  hostile  demonstration,  they  took  as  good  aim  as 
they  could,  and  fired.  There  was  no  platoon  firing  what 
ever.  At  one  place,  at  an  upper  window,  a  man  was  in 
the  act  of  firing,  when  a  rifle  ball  suggested  to  him  the 
propriety  of  desisting,  and  he  came  headlong  to  the  side- 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          29 

walk.  And  thus  the  men,  whose  rare  good  fortune  it 
was  to  contribute  the  first  instalment  of  blood  to  pay  the 
price  of  our  redemption,*  hurried  along  their  way.  They 
were  hampered  by  their  orders  to  fire  as  little  as  pos 
sible  ;  they  were  anxious  to  get  to  the  capital,  even  then 
supposed  to  be  in  danger  ;  they  were  separated  from  the 
larger  part  of  the  regiment,  and  knew  not  where  their 
comrades  were ;  and  thus  assaulted  on  each  side,  and  by 
all  sorts  of  weapons  and  missiles,  they  kept  on  their 
way,  loading  and  firing  at  will,  marching  the  entire  dis 
tance, —  a  mile  and  a  half, —  bearing  several  of  their 
wounded  with  them,  and  reached  the  station,  and  joined 
the  rest  of  the  regiment. 

When  the  four  companies  reached  the  rest  of  the  com 
mand  at  the  Washington  depot,  an  immense  crowd  sur 
rounded  them ;  and  rushing  towards  the  car  windows, 
they  brandished  revolvers,  knives,  clubs,  and  other 
weapons,  in  angry  fury,  and  with  fearful  shouts  and 
yells  and  curses  ;  the  police  having — and  many  of  them 
caring  to  have — no  power  to  stay  the  tumult. 

The  column  proceeded  in  the  following  order :  C  at 
the  head,  I  next,  then  L,  and  D  last.  The  colors  were 
with  the  platoon  under  command  of  Lieut.  Lynde,  of 
company  L.  After  having  marched  about  two  squares, 
the  order  to  double-quick  was  given,  and  the  rear  of  the 
column,  somewhat  separated  from  the  head,  was  more 
and  more  fiercely  assailed,  and  L  and  D  were  mingled 

*  "  Without  the  shedding  of  blood  is  no  remission."     See  Heb.  ix.  22. 


30          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

together.  Captain  Dike  was  wounded,  and  left  behind  ; 
and  being  too  far  in  the  rear  to  see  his  superior  officer, 
Lieut.  Lynde,  in  the  exercise  of  his  discretion,  gave  the 
order  to  fire  on  the  mob. 

His  orders  were  to  escort  the  band  across  the  city ; 
but,  being  unarmed,  they  refused  to  leave  the  station,  and 
he  left  without  them,  keeping  near  the  gallant  bearer  of 
the  flag  till  the  cars  were  reached,  when  tearing  it  from 
the  staff,  which  could  not  conveniently  be  got  into  the 
cars,  it  was  carried  in  safety  to  Washington,  and  now 
hangs  in  the  State  House  in  Boston. 

In  a  private  communication  to  me,  Col.  Jones  says, 
"  Capt.  Follansbee  proved  himself  worthy  of  the  con 
fidence  which  I  had  always  placed  in  him,  and  never 
after,  while  under  my  command,  did  he  do  aught  to  sac 
rifice  one  particle  of  the  esteem  and  respect  I  entertained 
for  him."  It  was  rare  good  fortune  that  gave  Capt.  Fol 
lansbee  this  opportunity,  to  which  he  was  fully  equal. 
There  were  other  officers  in  the  regiment  who  would 
have  given  the  best  ten  years  of  their  lives,  to  have  had 
the  same  privilege. 

FOR   WASHINGTON. 

Arrived  at  the  station,  officers  and  men  were  tried  se 
verely.  They  burned  to  avenge  the  wounds  and  death 
of  their  comrades,  arid  were  exasperated  to  the  utmost ; 
but  the  orders  to  hasten  to  Washington  were  strict  and 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          31 

imperative,  and  the  city  authorities  were  urging  the  de 
parture  of  the  regiment ;  the  mob  meanwhile  becoming 
more  and  more  furious.  The  president  of  the  road  said, 
"  For  God's  sake,  colonel,  do  give  orders  to  start  the 
train,  or  you  will  never  get  out  of  the  city,  for  they  are 
already  tearing  up  the  track."  Knowing  the  temper  of 
his  officers,  Col.  Jones  dared  not  consult  them,  fearing 
that  their  voice  would  be,  under  such  circumstances,  to 
stay,  and  "fight  it  out  on  that  line,"  notwithstanding 
orders.  Reluctantly  the  command  was  given  to  start,  the 
railroad  authorities  doing  all  in  their  power  to  assist,  by 
putting  tools  and  workmen  on  board  with  them,  who 
would  remove  obstructions,  and  repair  the  road  as  the 
train  went  slowly  on.  In  refutation  of  aspersions,  freely 
indulged  in  at  the  time,  concerning  the  managers  of  this 
road,  especially  of  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Garrett,  President, 
and  Wm.  P.  Smith,  Master  of  Transportation,  it  is  the 
testimony  of  Col.  Jones  himself,  that  he  ever  found  them 
loyal  gentlemen,  anxious  always  to  do  all  they  could  to 
serve  the  interests  of  the  government,  during  four  months 
of  intercourse  between  them  and  the  regiment. 

Seeing  the  train  about  to  start,  the  mob  ran  on  ahead, 
and  placed  telegraph  poles,  anchors,  etc.,  on  the  track. 
The  train  moved  a  short  distance  and  stopped ;  a  rail 
had  been  removed ;  it  was  replaced,  and  the  cars  went 
on ;  stopped  again,  the  road  was  repaired,  and  the 
train  went  on  again  ;  stopped  again,  and  the  conductor 
reported  to  the  colonel  that  it  was  impossible  to  proceed, 


32          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

that  the  regiment  must  march  to  Washington.  Col. 
Jones  replied,  "We  are  ticketed  through,  and  are  going 
in  these  cars.  If  you  or  the  engineer  cannot  run  the 
train,  we  have  plenty  of  men  who  can.  If  you  need 
protection  or  assistance,  you  shall  have  it ;  but  we  go 
through." 

The  crowd  went  on  for  some  miles  out,  as  far  as  Jack 
son  Bridge,  near  Chinkapin  Hill,  and  the  police  followed, 
removing  obstructions  ;  and  at  several  places  shots  were 
exchanged.  At  length,  they  reached  the  Relay  House, 
where  the  double  track  ended,  and  where  they  waited 
two  hours  —  and  long  hours  they  were  —  for  a  train 
from  Washington  that  had  the  right  of  way ;  and  at  length 
started  again,  reaching  Washington  late  in  the  afternoon. 
Maj.  M'Dowell, — since  Maj.  Gen.  M'Dowell, — of  Gen. 
Scott's  staff,  was  in  waiting  at  the  station  to  receive 
them. 

TESTIMONY    OF    BALTIMOREANS. 

The  loyal  men  of  Baltimore,  many  of  whom  saw  the 
whole  transaction,  and  endeavored  to  assist  the  volunteers 
as  far  as  possible,  and  who  were  of  great  service,  speak 
in  the  highest  terms  of  the  conduct  of  the  four  companies, 
officers  and  men,  declaring  that  they  bore  themselves 
with  rare  coolness  and  courage,  and  elicited  the  admira 
tion  of  all  who  saw  them,  who  were  not  infuriated  with 
rage  against  them.  Hundreds  might  have  been  killed, 
had  the  mob  been  promiscuously  fired  at. 


THE   THREE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          33 
CHIMNEY-CORNER   CRITICISMS. 

Fireside  critics,  fighting  chimney-corner  campaigns, 
have  said  that  the  fatal  mistake  was  in  allowing  the  regi 
ment  to  remain  packed  in  cars,  and  drawn  by  horses,  in 
single  companies,  across  the  city,  when  an  attack  was 
anticipated ;  and  that  it  was  manifestly  the  duty  of  the 
regiment  to  march,  instead  of  riding,  and  thus  be  ready 
at  all  points ;  but  it  should  be  considered  that  then  the 
whole  thing  wras  new,  and  was  met  very  differently  to 
what  it  would  be  now ;  and  the  misapprehensions  to  which 
reference  has  been  made,  explain  such  criticisms  away. 
The  events  that  have  since  transpired  were  not  antici 
pated  ;  for  that  madness  that  has  since  prevailed,  and 
destroyed  its  victims,  was  scarcely  considered  possible. 

THE   FEELING   NORTH. 

Only  they  who  remember  those  times  will  ever  be  able 
to  imagine  the  sensation  caused  by  the  news  of  this  trans 
action.  Massachusetts,  especially,  was  stirred  from  Es 
sex  to  Berkshire,  and  it  would  have  been  easy  to  raise 
men  enough  to  lay  Baltimore  in  ashes  ;  and  had  the  ex 
istence  of  that  city  proved  a  permanent  impediment  to 
the  passage  of  loyal  troops  to  the  capital,  it  would  have 
been  destroyed.  Throughout  the  North,  the  determina 
tion  was  all  but  universal  to  make  a  highway  "  through 
Baltimore  "  to  Washington.  "  Through  Baltimore  "  be 
came  a  rallying  cry,  until  it  was  settled  that  the  Monu- 


34          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

mental  City  —  its  "  roughs,"  who  had  always  disgraced 
it,  emptied  into  the  rebel  army  —  had  become  loyal  and 
true  to  the  Union. 


Gov.  Andrew  immediately  transmitted  the  following 
characteristic  despatch  to  the  Mayor  of  Baltimore :  — 

To  His  HONOR  THE  MAYOR  : 

I  pray  you  to  cause  the  bodies  of  our  Massachusetts  soldiers, 
dead  in  Baltimore,  to  be  immediately  laid  out,  preserved  with  ice, 
and  tenderly  sent  forward  by  express  to  me.  All  expenses  will 
be  paid  by  this  Commonwealth. 

JOHN  A.  ANDREW, 

Governor  of  Massachusetts. 

Mayor  Geo.  Wm.  Brown,  of  Baltimore,  responded  to 
Gov.  Andrew;  and,  in  the  course  of  his  despatch,  he 
alluded  to  the  passage  of  our  troops  through  Baltimore 
as  an  invasion  of  the  soil  of  Maryland ;  declaring,  how 
ever,  that  the  dead  and  wounded  should  be  tenderly 
cared  for,  and  that  "  Baltimore  would  claim  it  as  her 
right  to  pay  all  expenses  incurred." 

Gov.  Andrew  responded  by  saying  :  — 

I  appreciate  your  kind  attention  to  our  wounded  and  our  dead, 
and  trust  that  at  the  earliest  moment  the  remains  of  our  fallen 
will  return  to  us.  I  am  overwhelmed  with  surprise  that  a  peace 
ful  march  of  American  citizens  over  the  highway  to  the  defence 
of  our  common  capital,  should  be  deemed  aggressive  to  Baltimo- 
reans.  Through  New  York  the  march  was  triumphant. 


THE    THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          35 

Alluding  to  the  .touching  use  of  the  word  "  tenderly  " 
in  the  governor's  despatch,  the  New  York  "  Times  "  elo 
quently  said :  — 

Few  men  can  read  it  without  tears.  Yes,  those  bodies,  bat 
tered  and  bruised  by  the  brutal  mob,  are  sacred.  "  Tenderly  "  is 
not  too  gentle  a  word  to  be  used  for  the  care  of  them.  Yes,  bear 
their  bodies  "  tenderly  "  ;  they  are  more  sacred  than  the  relics  of 
the  saints.  Wherever  they  pass,  let  the  nation's  flag,  which  they 
died  to  defend,  wave  over  them ;  let  cannon  thunder  the  martial 
honor,  and  let  women  and  children  come  to  drop  a  tear  over  the 
Massachusetts  dead,  who  died  for  Country  and  Liberty. 

Never  was  exhortation  better  heeded,  or  less  needed. 
It  were  worth  an  early  death  to  receive  such  veneration 
from  the  people.  Everywhere  tears  and  admiration,  and 
love  too  deep  for  tears,  were  poured  out ;  and  from  their 
silent  lips  came  such  inspirations  to  patriotism  as  roused 
thousands  of  hearts  to  rush  to  battle,  to  avenge  their 
deaths.  Living,  they  were  brave  and  true  ;  but,  dying, 
their  blood  baptized  many  an  otherwise  indifferent  one  to 
deeds  of  devotion  to  country  that  have  since  been  chron 
icled,  and  that  will  be  rehearsed  by  grateful  generations 
to  come. 

THE   KILLED   AND   WOUNDED. 

There  were  four  men  killed  and  fifteen  wounded  in  the 
regiment ;  and  loyal  men  in  Baltimore,  who  were  careful 
to  collect  all  the  facts  as  far  as  possible,  are  of  the  opin- 


36          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

ion  that  about  one  hundred  of  the  mob  were  killed  by  the 
guns  of  our  soldiers.  About  a  thousand  rounds  of  am 
munition  were  fired  ;  and,  considering  the  size  of  the  tar 
get,  it  is  probable  that  the  estimate  is  not  far  from  the 
truth.  The  company  rosters  present  the  names  of  the 
wounded. 

CONDUCT  OF  THE  COLORED  PEOPLE. 

On  that  day  the  colored  people  began  that  kindness 
to  the  "  Yankee  soldiers  "  which  they  uniformly  mani 
fested  during  the  war.  A  short  time  after  the  regiment 
had  returned,  one  of  the  soldiers,  who  was  wounded  on 
the  19th,  was  in  the  State  House,  when  he  recognized  a 
colored  man  who  had  ministered  to  his  wants,  and  whose 
wife  had  torn  up  her  under-garments  to  bind  his  wounds. 
Being  a  slave,  he  embraced  the  opportunity  to  flee  from 
bondage,  and  related  many  incidents  illustrative  of  the 
kindness  of  the  slave  for  our  wounded  soldiers.  At  one 
place,  afraid  to  be  seen,  colored  women  threw  down  from 
the  windows  of  houses  such  articles  as  were  needed  by 
our  wounded. 

LOYAL   MEN   OF   BALTIMORE. 

Among  the  loyal  men  of  Baltimore  who  employed  ev 
ery  exertion  to  assist  our  wounded,  William  Robinson, 
Esq.,  79  Camden  Street,  Mass.  State  Agent  during  the 
war,  should  be  mentioned  as  one  who  was  untiring  in  their 
behalf.  He  was  a  native  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  but  had 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          37 

resided  in  Baltimore  for  thirty  years  ;  and  he  expressed 
the  undoubted  truth  to  Col.  Jones,  when,  deploring  the 
calamity  of  the  19th,  he  said  that  two  thirds  of  the  people 
of  the  city  were  loyal  to  the  government.  To  the  exer 
tions  of  such  men  oar  wounded  were  greatly  indebted, 
and  to  their  efforts  should  largely  be  attributed  the 
speedy  vindication  and  redemption  of  Baltimore  and 
Maryland  from  the  iron  rule  of  secessionists. 

COL.  JONES'  OFFICIAL  REPORT. 

Col.  Jones,  in  his  official  report  to  Maj.  William  H. 
Clemence,  Maj.  Gen.  B.  F.  Butler's  Adjutant,  dated  in 
Washington,  22d  April,  says  :  — 

*  *  *  After  leaving  Philadelphia,  I  received  intimation  that 
our  passage  through  the  city  of  Baltimore  would  be  resisted.  I 
caused  ammunition  to  be  distributed,  and  arms  loaded ;  and  went 
personally  through  the  cars,  and  issued  the  following  order,  viz. :  — 

"  The  regiment  will  march  through  Baltimore  in  column  of  sec 
tions,  arms  at  will.  You  will  undoubtedly  be  insulted,  abused,  and 
perhaps  assaulted,  to  which  you  must  pay  no  attention  whatever ; 
but  march  with  your  faces  square  to  the  front,  and  pay  no  attention 
to  the  mob,  even  if  they  throw  stones,  bricks,  or  other  missiles  ; 
but  if  you  are  fired  upon,  and  any  one  of  you  is  hit,  your  officers 
will  order  you  to  fire.  Do  not  fire  into  any  promiscuous  crowds  ; 
but  select  any  man  whom  you  see  aiming  at  you,  and  be  sure  you 
drop  him." 

Reaching  Baltimore,  horses  were  attached  the  instant  that  the 
locomotive  was  detached,  and  the  cars  were  driven  at  a  rapid  pace 


38          THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

across  the  city.  After  the  cars  containing  seven  companies  had 
reached  the  Washington  depot,  the  track  behind  them  was  barri 
caded,  and  the  cars  containing  the  band  and  the  following  com 
panies,  viz. :  company  C,  of  Lowell,  Capt.  Follansbee  ;  company 
D,  of  Lowell,  Capt.  Hart ;  company  I,  of  Lawrence,  Capt.  Pick 
ering  ;  and  company  L,  of  Stoneham,  Capt.  Dike,  were  vacated ; 
and  they  proceeded  to  march  in  accordance  with  orders,  and  had 
proceeded  but  a  short  distance  before  they  were  furiously  attacked 
by  a  shower  of  missiles,  which  came  faster  as  they  advanced.  They 
increased  their  step  to  double-quick,  which  seemed  to  infuriate 
the  mob,  as  it  evidently  impressed  them  with  the  idea  that  the 
soldiers  dared  not  fire,  or  had  no  ammunition  ;  and  pistol-shots 
were  numerously  fired  into  the  ranks,  and  one  soldier  fell  dead. 
The  order,  "  Fire  ! "  was  given,  and  it  was  executed  ;  in  conse 
quence,  several  of  the  mob  fell,  and  the  soldiers  again  advanced 
hastily.  The  Mayor  of  Baltimore  placed  himself  at  the  head  of 
the  column,  beside  Capt.  Follansbee,  and  proceeded  with  them 
a  short  distance,  assuring  him  that  he  would  protect  them,  and 
begging  him  not  to  let  the  men  fire ;  but  the  mayor's  patience 
was  soon  exhausted,  and  he  seized  a  musket  from  the  hands  of 
one  of  the  men,  and  killed  a  man  therewith;  and  a  policeman, 
who  was  in  advance  of  the  column,  also  shot  a  man  with  a 
revolver. 

They,  at  last,  reached  the  cars,  and  they  started  immediately 
for  Washington.  On  going  through  the  train,  I  found  there  were 
about  one  hundred  and  thirty  missing,  including  the  band  and 
field  music.  Our  baggage  was  seized,  and  we  have  not  as  yet 
been  able  to  recover  any  of  it.  I  have  found  it  very  difficult  to 
get  reliable  information  in  regard  to  the  killed  and  wounded. 

As  the  men  went  into  the  cars,  I  caused  the  blinds  to  be 
closed,  and  took  every  precaution  to  prevent  any  shadow  ol 
offence  to  the  people  of  Baltimore ;  but  still  the  stones  flew  thick 
and  fast  into  the  train,  and  it  was  with  the  utmost  difficulty  that  I 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          39 

could  prevent  the  troops  from  leaving  the  cars,  and  revenging  the 
death  of  their  comrades.     *     *     * 

EDWARD  F.  JONES, 
Coi.  Sixth  Regt.,  M.  V.  M.,  in  service  of  U.  S. 

WHY   THE   MOB   WAS   SO    LENIENTLY   TREATED. 

Those  who  have  since  been  made  familiar  with  scenes 
of  war,  and  with  the  true  method  of  dealing  with  such 
men  as  those  who  intercepted  the  march  of  the  Sixth, 
might,  at  first  thought,  be  surprised  at  the  gentle  treat 
ment  the  mob  received.  But  the  regiment  was  anxious 
to  reach  Washington,  then  supposed  to  be  in  imminent 
danger ;  and  it  was  hoped  that  the  demonstration  in  Bal 
timore  would  not  be  serious.  Besides,  the  people  of  the 
North  were  trying  conciliation.  No  blood  had  been 
shed,  and  it  was  universally  desired  to  treat  Maryland 
and  other  border  states  with  all  the  forbearance  pos 
sible.  The  regiment  had  been  drilled  in  street-firing, 
and  was  amply  able  to  strew  the  streets  of  Baltimore 
with  traitor  dead ;  and  would  have  done  so  but  for  these 
considerations.  Place  the  same  men  under  the  same  cir 
cumstances  to-day,  and  there  would  be  grief  in  hundreds 
of  homes  where  one  mourned  on  the  19th  of  April,  1861. 

CAPT.  FOLLANSBEE'S  ACCOUNT. 

Capt.  Follansbee,  under  date  of  Washington,  April 
20,  wrote  a  letter  to  H.  H.  Wilder,  Esq.,  of  Lowell, 
which  embodies  the  observations  of  as  cool  a  head  arid 


40          THE   THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

brave  a  heart  as  were  among  the  two  hundred  heroes  of 
that  day.     He  says :  — 

We  arrived  in  Baltimore  about  10  o'clock,  A.  M.  The  cars 
are  drawn  through  the  city  by  horses.  There  were  about  thirty 
cars  in  our  train;  there  being,  in  addition  to  Col.  Jones'  command, 
about  1200  troops  from  Philadelphia,  without  uniforms  or  arms, 
they  intending  to  get  them  here.  After  we  arrived,  the  cars  were 
taken,  two  at  a  time,  and  drawn  to  the  depot  at  the  lower  part  of 
the  city,  a  mob  assaulting  them  all  the  way.  The  Lowell  Me 
chanic  Phalanx  car  was  the  ninth ;  and  we  waited  till  after  the 
rest  had  left,  for  our  turn,  till  two  men  came  to  me  and  informed 
me  that  I  had  better  take  my  command,  and  march  to  the  other 
depot,  as  the  mob  had  taken  up  the  track  to  prevent  the  passage 
of  the  cars.  I  immediately  informed  Capt.  Pickering,  of  the  Law 
rence  Light  Infantry,  and  we  filed  out  of  the  cars  in  regular 
order.  Capt.  Hart's  company,  of  Lowell,  and  Capt.  Dike's,  of 
Stoneham,  did  the  same,  and  formed  on  the  sidewalk.  The  cap 
tains  consulted  together,  and  decided  that  the  command  should 
devolve  upon  me.  I  immediately  took  my  position  upon  the 
right,  wheeled  into  column  of  sections,  and  requested  them  to 
march  in  close  order.  Before  we  had  started,  the  mob  was  upon 
us,  with  a  secession  flag,  attached  to  a  pole,  and  told  us  we  could 
never  march  through  that  city.  They  would  kill  every  "  white 
nigger  "  of  us,  before  we  could  reach  the  other  depot.  I  paid  no 
attention  to  them,  but,  after  I  had  wheeled  the  battalion,  gave  the 
order  to  march. 

As  soon  as  the  order  was  given,  the  brick-bats  began  to  fly 
into  our  ranks  from  the  mob.  I  called  a  policeman,  and  re 
quested  him  to  lead  the  way  to  the  depot.  He  did  so.  After  we 
had  marched  about  a  hundred  yards,  we  came  to  a  bridge.  The 
rebels  had'torn  up  most  of  the  planks.  We  had  to  play  "  Scotch 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          41 

hop,"  to  get  over  it.  As  soon  as  we  had  crossed  the  bridge,  they 
commenced  to  fire  upon  us  from  the  street  and  houses.  I  ordered 
the  men  to  protect  themselves ;  and  then  we  returned  their  fire, 
and  laid  a  great  many  of  them  away.  I  saw  four  fall  on  the 
sidewalk  at  one  time.  They  followed  us  up,  and  we  fought  our 
way  to  the  other  depot,  —  about  one  mile.  They  kept  at  us  till 
the  cars  started.  Quite  a  number  of  the  rascals  were  shot,  after 
we  entered  the  cars.  We  went  very  slow,  for  we  expected  the 
rails  were  torn  up  on  the  road. 

I  do  not  know  how  much  damage  we  did.  Report  says, 
about  forty  were  killed,  but  I  think  that  is  exaggerated  :  still  it 
may  be  so.  There  is  any  quantity  of  them  wounded.  Quite 
a  number  of  horse,s  were  killed.  The  mayor  of  the  city  met 
us  almost  half  way.  He  said  that  there  would  be  no  trouble,  and 
that  we  could  get  through,  and  kept  with  me  for  about  a  hundred 
yards;  but  the  stones  and  balls  whistled  too  near  his  head,  and  he 
left,  took  a  gun  from  one  of  my  company,  fired,  and  brought  his 
man  down.  That  was  the  last  I  saw  of  him.  We  fought  our  way 
to  the  cars,  and  joined  Col.  Jones,  and  the  seven  companies  that 
left  us  at  the  other  end  of  the  city ;  and  now  we  are  here,  every 
man  of  the  old  Phalanx  safe  and  sound,  with  the  exception  of 
a  few  marks  made  by  brick-bats,  and  all  we  want  now  is  a  chance 
to  go  to  Baltimore,  and  clean  out  all  the  roughs  there.  If  Col. 
Jones  would  march  his  command  there,  we  would  do  it.  There 
are  five  or  six  of  the  regiment  missing,  and  all  of  the  band.  I  am 
in  hopes  that  most,  if  not  all  of  them  are  alive.  Where  a  man  in 
Baltimore  showed  his  pistol,  axe,  or  palmetto  flag,  he  was  about 
sure  to  drop. 

ANOTHER   TESTIMONY. 

A.  S.  Young,  a  member  of  the  band,  after  relating 
that  one  of  the  musicians  had  left  the  car  to  consult  with 
Gen.  Small,  of  the  unarmed  Pennsylvanians,  says  :  — 


42         THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

As  he  was  returning,  he  was  set  upon,  and  driven  into  the  car, 
followed  by  a  number  of  the  roughs.  We  fought  them  off  as  long 
as  we  could ;  but  coming  thicker  and  faster,  some  crawling  from 
under  the  cars,  others  jumping  from  the  tops,  they  forced  their 
way  in,  in  spite  of  our  utmost  exertions.  The  door  was  then 
partly  thrown  open  by  the  exertions  of  our  men  inside,  and 
partly  torn  open  by  the  mob  outside ;  and  we  attempted,  by  leap 
ing  from  the  car,  and  running  in  all  directions,  to  escape  from  the 
mob.  We  were  obliged  to  leave  everything  behind.  Music,  in 
struments,  coats,  caps,  knapsacks,  and  haversacks.  On  our  way 
we  saw  squads  of  police,  who  took  no  notice  of  us,  evidently 
regarding  the  whole  thing  as  a  good  joke.  The  writer  of  this  saw 
and  spoke  to  two  of  them,  and  was  told  to  "  run  —  run  like  the 
devil ; "  and  he  did.  They  could  do  nothing :  they  would  take 
care  of  our  property,  but  could  do  nothing  for  us.  After  running 
in  this  way  for  a  half  mile,  as  near  as  we  could  judge,  we  were  en 
countered  by  a  party  of  women,  partly  Irish,  partly  German,  and 
some  American,  who  took  us  into  their  houses,  removed  the 
stripes  from  our  pants,  and  we  were  furnished  with  old  clothes  of 
every  description  for  disguise.  We  were  treated  here  as  well  as 
we  could  have  been  in  our  own  homes.  Everything  we  wished 
was  furnished,  and  nothing  would  be  taken  therefor;  but  we 
were  told  that  it  would  be  an  insult  to  offer  it. 

Under  the  protection  of  four  hundred  policemen, 
these  unarmed  musicians  were  able  to  reach  the  station, 
and  take  the  cars  back  to  Philadelphia. 

A   GALLANT   STANDARD-BEARER. 

Timothy  Crowley,  the  standard-bearer  of  the  regi 
ment,  bore  himself  gallantly  on  that  trying  day.  He 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          43 

might  have  rolled  up  his  colors,  and  have  escaped  the 
position  of  prominence  which  otherwise  would  subject 
him  to  the  greatest  danger.  But,  no ;  he  unfurled 
them  to  the  breeze,  and  bore  them  on,  and,  like  the 
white  plume  of  Henry  of  Navarre,  they  became  a  guide 
and  inspiration.  Without  music,  they  could  only  look 
on  that,  and  follow  where  it  led.  All  sorts  of  missiles 
flew  at  him;  but  "left,"  "right,"  "left,"  "right,"  he 
kept  his  face  to  the  front,  and  his  colors  proudly  flying, 
and  the  detachment- attended  it  onward.  The  most  con 
spicuous  object  that  day,  his  was  courage  of  a  high 
order,  that  carried  him  on  with  proud  defiance,  and  en 
abled  him  to  "  stand  by  the  flag,"  that  he  had  sworn  to 
defend.  Mr.  Crowley  afterwards  distinguished  himself, 
as  will  be  seen  on  a  subsequent  page. 

The  recipient  of  a  splendid  revolver,  shortly  after, 
from  the  honorary  members  of  the  Watson  Light  Guard, 
he  returned  a  handsome  acknowledgment,  in  the  course 
of  which  he  said  :  — 

Thus  far,  I  have  only  done  what  I  deemed  to  be  my  duty, 
in  this  hour  of  peril  and  treachery  to  our  time-honored  flag. 
In  the  hour  of  adversity  and  oppression,  that  flag  afforded  a  home 
and  protection  to  those  whom  I  hold  dearer  than  life  itself,  and  I 
trust  that  their  descendant  will  not  forget  his  duty,  and  help 
to  strike  an  effectual  blow  in  defence  of  the  laws  and  insti 
tutions  under  and  by  which  he  has  been  nurtured  into  man 
hood. 


44         THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

INCIDENTS  ON  THE  MARCH. 

Chaplain  Babbidge  relates  that  Crowley  and  his  aids, 
Marland  and  Stickney,  were 

The  target  for  many  a  missile;  for  the  mob  knew  that  to 
disgrace  the  regiment  it  was  only  necessary  to  down  with  the 
standard.  Paving-stones  flew  thick  and  fast,  some  just  grazing 
their  heads,  and  some  hitting  the  standard  itself.  One  stone, 
as  large  as  a  hat,  struck  Marland,  just  between  the  shoulders, 
a  terrible  blow,  and  then  rested  on  his  knapsack.  And  yet  he  did 
not  budge.  With  a  firm  step,  he  went  on,  carrying  the  rock  on 
his  knapsack  for  several  yards,  until  one  of  the  sergeants  stepped 
up  and  knocked  it  off. 

Many  hand-to-hand  fights  were  had.  As  private  Bry 
ant,  company  C,  was  marching  along  in  the  ranks,  he  was 
struck  to  the  ground  by  a  piece  of  plank,  thrown  from  a 
window.  Lieut.  Jepson  stooped  down  to  assist  him  to 
his  feet,  when  a  gigantic  rough  seized  him  by  his  sword- 
belt,  and  drew  him  into  the  crowd.  Before  he  could  ex 
tricate  himself  his  company  was  some  ways  off,  and  Lieut. 
Jepson  only  got  away  by  giving  the  fellow  a  blow,  with 
his  sword,  in  the  face.  The  weapon  was  a  "regulation" 
sword,  more  for  ornament  than  use,  or  the  brute's  head 
would  have  been  cloven.  The  blow  was  hard  enough, 
however,  to  bathe  the  sword  in  blood ;  and,  as  new  and 
better  sabres  were  given  to  the  officers  on  their  arrival 
in  Washington,  the  blade  was  never  cleansed,  and  the 
traitor's  blood  remains  to-day  on  the  weapon,  telling  the 
story  of  the  conflict. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          45 

As  the  column  was  moving  on,  a  brawny  rough 
rushed  out  with  a  secession  flag  attached  to  a  pole,  calling 
the  Massachusetts  men,  "nigger  thieves,"  and  employing 
other  similar  epithets,  when  Lieut.  Lynde,  of  company 
L,  left  his  place,  and  driving  the  hilt  of  his  sword 
into  his  face,  knocked  him  on  his  back.  Then  tearing 
the"  rag  of  treason  from  the  stick  to  which  it  was  at 
tached,  he  buttoned  it  beneath  his  coat  and  resumed  his 
position  with  his  company,  as  though  nothing  had  occurred. 

Victor  Lorendo,  a  musician  of  company  L,  a  boy  of 
seventeen,  was  in  the  car  with  the  band,  when  the  mob 
burst  into  it,  and  he  was  just  able  to  get  under  the  train 
and  make  his  escape  into  the  country,  where,  tearing 
off  the  stripes  from  his  pantaloons,  so  that  he  might 
not  be  known,  he  succeeded  in  getting  to  Philadel 
phia,  and  thence  to  Boston,  incognito,  whence  he 
walked  out  to  Stoneham.  He  had  been  reported  as  dead. 

Hiram  P.  Marston,  of  company  L,  since  a  gallant 
captain  in  the  Massachusetts  33d,  displayed  admirable 
coolness.  A  ruffian  fired  at  him,  when  Marston  pursued 
him  into  a  grain  store,  and  gave  him  the  contents  of  his 
rifle  across  the  counter ;  and,  as  the  rear  of  his  company 
came  up,  he  was  seen  standing  by  the  curb,  loading  his 
gun,  as  though  firing  at  harmless  game. 

These  are  but  a  few  of  the  many  incidents  that  might 
be  procured,  could  the  scattered  members  of  the  regi 
ment  be  conferred  with.  A  statement  of  what  each  man 
experienced  and  saw  that  day  would  be  a  thrilling  story. 


46  THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

The  wound  of  Capt.  Dike  was  a  severe  one,  though  far 
less  serious  than  would  have  been  deemed  probable.  The 
ball  passed  through  his  thigh,  very  near  the  artery.  He 
was  able  to  hobble  to  the  sidewalk,  and  happened  to  be 
at  the  door  of  a  public  house.  He  entered,  and  was 
carried  by  a  kind  friend,  a  stranger,  —  Dorsey,  a  tobac 
conist,  a  Union  man, —  to  a  distant  room,  where,  unknown 
to  others,  he  was  carefully  nursed  and  cared  for.  He 
had  scarcely  left  the  bar-room  in  which  he  sought  refuge, 
when  it  was  filled  with  the  ruffians,  who,  had  they  known 
his  whereabouts  would  have  murdered  him.  Indeed,  the 
landlord  answered  their  inquiries  for  him  by  assuring 
them  that  he  had  left.  Here  he  remained  in  a  helpless 
condition  for  more  than  a  week ;  and,  meanwhile,  he  was 
fully  believed  to  have  been  killed  by  the  mob.  Those 
who  were  in  Stoneham  at  the  time  can  remember  what 
few  others  can  ever  realize, —  the  terrible  excitement 
caused  among  the  people  of  that  patriotic  town  by  the 
tidings  of  the  death  of  their  townsman.  No  subsequent 
events  of  the  war  created  so  profound  a  sensation,  either 
there  or  anywhere  else  in  the  region  of  the  state  repre 
sented  by  the  regiment,  as  did  the  occurrences  of  that 
initial  day  in  the  history  of  the  war. 

THE   KILLED    AND   WOUNDED. 

The  killed  and  wounded  during  the  day  were  as  follows : 

KILLED. 

Addison  O.  Whitney,  Co.  D.         Luther  C.  Ladd,  Co.  I). 
Simmer  H.  Needham,  Co.  I.          Charjes  A.  Taylor,  Co.  D. 


THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 


47 


WOUNDED. 


Capt.  John  H.  Dike,  Co.  L. 
Lt.  Leander  F.  Lynde,  Co.  L. 
Lt.  James  F.  Rowe,  Co.  L. 
Clias.  B.  Stinson,  Co.  C. 
Serg.  W.  H.  Lamson,  Co.  D. 
Serg.  John  E.  Ames,  Co.  D. 
Alex.  George,  Co.  D. 
Chas.  H.  Chandler,  Co.  D. 
Ed.  Cpburn,  Co.  D. 
Geo.  W.  Lovrein,  Co.  D. 
Ira  W.  Moore,  Co.  D. 
Daniel  C.  Stevens,  Co.  D. 
Wm.  R.  Patch,  Co.  D. 
Daniel  B.  Tyler,  Co.  D. 
Wm.  G.  Wellington,  Co.  D. 
Serg.  George  G.  Dun-ell,  Co.  I. 
Victor  G.  Gingass,  Co.  I. 
Michael  Green,  Co.  I. 


Harry  G.  Jewell,  Co.  I. 
Geo.  Colgan,  Co.  K. 
Henry  Gardner,  Co.  K. 
Wm.  D.  Gurley,  Co.  K. 
Geo.  T.  Whitney,  Co.  K. 
Chas.  L.  Gill,  Co.  L. 
Daniel  Brown,  Co.  L. 
Henry  Dike,  Co.  L. 
Horace  W.  Danforth,  Co.   L. 
Stephen  Flanders,  Co.  L. 
John  B.  Fortier,  Co.  L. 
John  W.  Kimpton,  Co.  L. 
James  Keenan,  Co.  L. 
James  S.  Moody,  Co.  L. 
Julian  Putnam,  Co.  L. 
Ephraim  A.  Perry,  Co.  L. 
Andrew  Robbins,  Co.  L. 
Wm.  H.  Young,  Co.  L. 


Four  killed,  and  thirty-six  wounded ;  the  particulars  of  which 
will  appear  further  on. 


THE   HEROIC   DEAD. 

The  heroic  dead  who  fell,  and  whose  blood  rendered 
the  pavement  of  Pratt  Street  immortal,  are  four. 

CHARLES  A.  TAYLOR  came  to  Boylston  Hall  on  the 
morning  the  regiment  left,  and  enlisted  in  company 
D.  He  was  a  stranger  to  all,  and  represented  himself 
as  a  fancy  painter  by  profession,  about  twenty-five  years 
old,  and  was  of  light  complexion  and  blue  eyes.  Such 
was  the  haste  with  which  the  companies  were  organized, 


48         THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

and  the  lack  of  system  with  which  the  books  were  kept, 
in  those  first  days  of  the  war,  that  his  loss  was  not 
even  known  until  his  overcoat  was  received  by  Capt. 
Hart.  The  gentleman  who  sent  it,  saw  him  fall,  and 
testifies,  that  after  he  fell  the  brutes  who  killed  him 
crushed  him  with  clubs  and  rocks,  so  that  almost  all 
trace  of  humanity  was  beaten  out  of  him.  He  did  not 
wear  a  uniform,  and  so  was  taken  for  a  civilian  ;  and  was 
therefore  buried  in  Baltimore.  No  trace  of  his  family 
or  friends  has  ever  been  discovered  .by  the  officers  of  his 
company  or  regiment ;  though  a  box  was  received  for 
him  from  Boston,  a  short  time  after  the  regiment  left 
Baltimore. 

LUTHER  CRAWFORD  LADD,  of  company  D,  son  of 
John  and  Fanny,  a  native  of  Alexandria,  N.  II. ,  re 
siding  in  Lowell,  was  a  young  mechanic  of  only  seven 
teen  years.  He  was  born  Dec.  22,  1843.  He 
was  full  of  patriotic  ardor ;  and  when  the  call  was 
made  for  the  first  volunteers,  the  earnest  solicitations  of 
his  friends  could  not  induce  him  to  remain  behind. 
While  gallantly  marching  along  the  streets  of  Baltimore, 
he  fell  bleeding  on  the  pavement ;  and  the  last  words  his 
comrades  heard  him  utter,  were,  "  ALL  HAIL  TO  THE 
STARS  AND  STRIPES." 

The  murderer  of  Ladd  was  probably  a  drunken,  disso 
lute  wretch,  residing  inWilliamsport,  Md.,  named  Wrench. 
He  afterwards  often  boasted  of  the  deed,  and  rejoiced 
in  having  killed  that  "  boy  soldier  who  shouted  for  the 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    C  A  M  p  A  i  G  N  .         49 

Stars  and  Stripes  when  he  fell."  In  the  summer  of  1862, 
he  was  engaged  in  a  quarrel,  and  discharged  two  bar 
rels  of  a  revolver  at  a  man  he  intended  to  kill;  but 
missing  his  aim,  he  was  shot  through  the  heart,  and  in 
stantly  died. 

ADDISON  OTIS  WHITNEY,  company  D,  —  son  of  John 
F.,  and  Jane  B., — was  born  in  Waldo,  Me.,  Oct.  30, 
1839,  and  had  lived  in  Lowell  about  two  years.  He 
worked  in  No.  3  spinning-room,  Middlesex  Corporation. 
He  had  been  a  member  of  the  City  Guards  about  a  year 
and  a  half,  and  was  a  young  man  held  in  high  esteem 
by  all  who  knew  him. 

SUMNER  HENRY  NEEDHAM  was  born  in  Bethel,  Me., 
March  2,  1828,  and  had  lived  in  Lawrence  about 
twelve  years.  He  was  a  corporal  in  company  I,  having 
been  a  member  about  five  years.  He  was  an  upright 
man.  He  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  mortally 
wounded  on  that  day.  After  he  fell,  he  was  conveyed  to 
the  Infirmary,  where  he  lingered  till  April  27,  when  his 
spirit  took  its  flight  for  a  happier  world. 

As  Needham  was  getting  out  of  the  car,  he  placed 
his  hand  on  the  shoulder  of  private  J.  S.  Knights,  of 
company  I,  and  said,  "  We  shall  have  trouble  to-day,  and 
I  shall  never  get  out  of  it  alive.  Promise  me,  if  I  fall, 
that  my  body  shall  be  sent  home."  Knights  smiled  at 
the  apprehension  as  not  well  grounded,  but  assured  his 
friend  that  whoever  suffered  would  be  well  looked  after  ; 

4 


T  ii  E  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 


saying  which,  they  fell  into  their  places,  and  the   two 


never  met  again. 


FUNERAL  HONORS  AND  CEREMONIES. 

The  body  of  Taylor  was  buried  in  Baltimore  ;  but  the 
remains  of  Ladd,  Whitney,  and  Needham  were  brought 
to  Boston,  in  charge  of  Merrill  S.  Wright,  who  was  de 
tailed  by  Col.  Jones  for  that  purpose.  They  arrived  in 
Boston  at  5  o'clock,  on  the  afternoon  of  May  2,  and 
were  escorted  from  the  station  of  the  Worcester  Railway 
by  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets,  and  the  Brigade 
Band,  accompanied  by  Gov.  Andrew  and  staff,  Gen. 
Schouler,  and  others.  They  were  draped  with  the  Amer 
ican  colors,  and  received  with  military  honors,  and  es 
corted  to  the  Vassall  tomb  under  King's  Chapel.  The 
buildings  along  the  route  were  clad  in  mourning  ;  and 
flags  everywhere  were  at  half-mast.  The  mayors  of 
Lowell  and  Lawrence  were  entreated  by  Gov.  Andrew 
that  the  Massachusetts  Executive  might  assist  in  the 
funeral  services  of  the  heroic  dead ;  and  the  obsequies 
were  arranged  in  mutual  conference. 

On  the  3d  of  May,  the  body  of  Needham  was  con 
veyed  to  Lawrence  by  a  Committee  of  the  City  Govern 
ment,  and  placed  in  the  City  Hall,  where  it  was  viewed 
by  thousands  of  people.  The  services  were  solemn  and 
impressive. 

The  City  Hall  was  appropriately  draped ;  the  seats 


THE   THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         51 

were  filled ;  and  every  inch  of  standing  room  was  occu 
pied.  On  the  rostrum  were  the  clergy  of  the  city;  and 
an  eloquent  sermon  was  preached  by  the  pastor  of  the 
deceased,  Rev.  G.  S.  Weaver,  of  the  Universalist 
Church,  assisted  by  Rev.  C.  E.  Fisher,  of  Lawrence 
Street  Congregational  Church  ;  Rev.  W.  L.  Jenkins,  of 
the  Unitarian  Church ;  Rev.  Henry  F.  Lane,  of  the  First 
Baptist  Church;  Rev.  C.  M.  Dinsmore,  of  the  Garden 
Street  Methodist  Church;  Rev.  Daniel  Tenney,  of  the 
Central  Congregational  Church ;  and  Rev.  George  Pack 
ard,  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  in  the  devotional  exer 
cises. 

As  this  was  the  funeral  of  the  first  soldier  killed  in  the 
war,  a  brief  extract  from  the  discourse  may  well  be 
printed  here. 

The  text  was  in  Hebrews,  xi.  4.  "  He  being  dead  yet  speak- 
eth."  The  orator  said :  "  He  speaks  from  that  scene  of  conflict, 
with  a  silent  yet  terrible  eloquence,  which  is  heard  all  over  our 
great  country,  and  which  stirs  the  moral  indignation  of  twenty 
millions  of  freemen  at  home,  and  ten  times  that  number  abroad. 
That  blow  that  broke  in  upon  his  brain,  struck  upon  the  con 
science  of  a  nation.  That  wound  has  a  tongue,  speaking  with 
a  trumpet  of  thunder,  among  the  Northern  hills,  and  along  the 
Western  prairies.  The  blood  spilt  from  it  is  the  seed  of  a  mighty 
harvest  of  patriots,  who  will  pour  upon  rebels  the  indignation  of 
their  outraged  souls.  His  shattered  form  calls,  from  its  coffin, 
upon  an  outraged  country,  to  arouse  in  its  might,  and  crush  out 
the  reckless  and  imperious  spirit  of  treason  which  has  reared  it 
self  against  our  prosperous  land,  and  our  benignant  form  of  gov- 


52    THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

ernment.  Yes,  being  dead,  our  brother  calls  upon  us,  his  neigh 
bors  and  friends,  to  stand  up  in  our  patriotism  and  manhood,  and 
maintain  and  defend  the  honor  of  that  country  for  which  he  gave 
his  life.  He  calls  upon  our  state  to  prove  that  her  sons  are 
worthy  descendants  of  the  blood  of  Plymouth  Rock  and  Lexing 
ton  ;  upon  our  country  to  prove  that  her  people  are  worthy  of 
the  institutions  under  which  they  live." 

In  the  beautiful  cemetery  in  Lawrence  lie  the  re 
mains  of  Needham,  under  a  granite  monument  of  chaste 
design  and  finish,  on  which  is  recorded  the  following  in 
scription  :  — 

By  the  City  Government  of  Lawrence  this  monument  is 
erected,  to  endear  to  posterity  the  memory  of  Sumner  H.  Need- 
ham,  of  company  I,  Sixth  Regiment,  M.  V.  M.,  who  fell  a  victim 
to  the  passions  of  a  Secession  mob,  during  the  passage  of  the  regi 
ment  through  the  streets  of  Baltimore,  marching  to  the  defence 
of  the  nation's  capital,  on  the  memorable  19th  day  of  April,  A.  D., 
1861.  Aged  33.  A  loyal  North,  in  common  with  his  widow 
and  an  only  child,  mourn  his  loss. 

A.  D.  1862. 

On  the  base  of  the  monument  is  the  word  — 
NEEDHAM. 

Monday,  May  6,  Mayor  Sargent  and  the  City  Gov 
ernment,  and  a  detachment  of  the  Richardson  Light 
Infantry,  escorted  the  bodies  of  Ladd  and  Whitney 
to  Lowell.  The  Mayor,  President  of  the  Common 
Council,  and  Alderman  J.  P.  Folsom,  and  Messrs. 


THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         53 

Keyes  and  Norris,  of  the  Common  Council,  were  the 
Committee  of  Arrangements.  This  committee  received 
the  remains  of  the  soldiers,  enclosed  in  metallic  coffins 
and  sealed  in  boxes,  of  the  Executive  of  the  Common 
wealth,  and  placed  them  in  state  in  Huntington  Hall. 
Thousands  of  people  were  unable  to  gain  admission  to 
witness  the  funeral  obsequies,  which  were  as  follows :  — 

1.  Dirge  —  Brigade  Band. 
2.  Reading  of  Scriptures  —  Rev.  C.  W.  Homer. 


3.  Prayer — Rev.  Dr.  Cleaveland. 


4.  Anthem  —  St.  Anne's  Choir. 
5.    Discourse  —  Rev.  W.  R.    Clark. 

6.  Original  Hymn,  written  by  Rev.  C.  W.  Homer  —  Read  by 
Rev.  J.  J.  Twiss,  and  sung  by  St.  Anne's  Choir. 


7.  Prayer  —  Rev.  D.  Mott. 
8.  Benediction  —  Rev.  Frederic  Hinckley. 

The  pall-bearers  were  Lieutenants  W.  E.  Farrar, 
G.  E.  Dana,  Edward  S.  Hunt,  Surgeon  W.  H.  Bradley, 
James  Francis,  H.  H.  Fuller,  David  Hyde,  and  Capt. 
Temple  Tebbetts.  The  city  authorities  caused  every 
token  of  respect  and  reverence  to  be  manifested ;  and 
the  people  of  Lowell  and  vicinity,  in  immense  numbers, 
participated  in  the  solemn  ceremonies  of  the  day. 


54         THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 
The  orator,  in  the  course  of  his  address,  said :  — 

"  Thus  early  in  life  these  sons  of  aged,  pious  parents  have  fallen 
in  the  service  of  their  country,  on  a  day  precious  to  every 
American  patriot,  —  the  eighty-sixth  anniversary  of  the  first 
blood  spilled  in  the  struggle  for  our  liberties  at  Concord  and 
Lexington.  Their  spirits  are  gone  to  God  who  gave  them,  and 
who  administers  his  awards  with  impartial  and  unerring  regard 
to  the  fidelity  with  which  his  creatures  shall  have  discharged  the 
trusts  he  has  committed  unto  them.  Henceforth,  the  heroes  of 
Concord,  Lexington,  Bunker  Hill,  and  Baltimore,  shall  blazon 
together  on  the  pages  of  their  country's  history,  like  the  stars  in 
the  flag  whose  honor  they  died  to  uphold." 

The  funeral  hymn  is  as  follows :  — 

Before  thy  throne,  great  God,  we  bow ; 

Humbly  we  bend  the  sorrowing  head, 
And  ask  Thy  pity,  while  we  now 

Commit  to  earth  our  Patriot  Dead  ! 

Our  Patriot  Dead  !  for  them  we  claim 

A  place  in  mem'ry's  holiest  shrine  : 
A  sacred  treasure  shall  their  name 

Be  handed  down  to  coming  time. 

In  Freedom's  cause  these  first  fruits  sleep  ; 

In  peril  tried  they  proved  true  men ; 
And,  while  we  o'er  their  ashes  weep, 

Their  martyr-seed  springs  up  again. 

Their  glorious  death  shall  make  us  brave ; 
We  wipe  away  the  falling  tear  ; 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          55 

'Tis  hallowed  ground  —  the  soldier's  grave  — 
'Tis  sacred  dust  reposes  here. 

Choose  we  with  them  the  patriot's  part  ; 

Our  country's  cause  doth  loudly  cry  ; 
Be  this  most  dear  to  every  heart,  — 

The  noblest  lot  to  do  and  die. 

The  body  of  Ladd  was  conveyed  to  Alexandria, 
where  other  services  were  celebrated,  after  which  it 
was  returned  to  Lowell. 

On  the  8th  of  May,  Mayor  Sargent  addressed  a  letter 
to  the  father  of  Whitney,  communicating  the  unanimous 
desire  of  the  people  of  the  city  that  his  son's  remains 
should  be  finally  deposited  in  Lowell.  Mr.  Whitney 
replied  with  great  decorum,  assenting  "  with  feelings  of 
gratitude  and  melancholy  pleasure." 

The  bodies  of  both  Ladd  and  Whitney  were  deposited 
in  the  Lowell  cemetery,  one  of  the  finest  burial-places  in 
the  world  ;  but,  as  will  appear  on  a  subsequent  page,  they 
were  destined  to  be  removed  to  a  more  fitting  resting- 
place. 

The  Commonwealth,  in  conjuction  with  the  City  of 
Lowell,  has  erected  a  beautiful  monument  to  the  mem 
ory  of  LADD  and  WHITNEY.  The  Legislature  appro 
priated  $2000,  and  Lowell  expended  some  $2700  more. 
It  is  of  elegant  design  arid  finish,  as  will  be  seen  by  the 
photograph  in  this  volume.  A  full  description,  and  the 
particulars  of  the  consecration,  will  be  found  at  the  close 
of  this  book. 


5G          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

The  remains  of  TAYLOR  are  unmarked  by  any  memo 
rial  ;  and  it  cannot  here  be  said  whether  their  place  of 
burial  is  even  known.  If  it  shall  never  be  ascertained 
where  he  was  laid,  let  his  memory  be  sacred  in  all  loyal 
hearts,  and  his  noble  deeds  stand  forever  as  his  honor 
able  epitaph. 

THE   RESULT. 

The  ashes  of  these  proto-martyrs  consecrate  the  soil  in 
which  they  repose,  and  hereafter  their  graves  will  be  the 
shrines  to  which  men  shall  resort  to  obtain  inspirations  of 
liberty.  And  has  not  their  blood  sanctified  the  soil  it 
drenched  ?  But  four  years  have  passed  since  they  laid 
their  lives  down,  on  the  pavements  of  Baltimore,  and 
that  city  has  not  only  become  one  of  the  most  loyal  in 
the  land,  but  Maryland  has  wiped  the  stain  of  slavery 
from  her  fair  escutcheon,  and  now  stands  forever  free ; 
and  the  gigantic  treason  which  struck  them  down  has 
been  crushed,  and  once  more  peace  and  a  united 
republic  are  the  possession  of  the  American  people. 
Who  shall  say  that  the  pure  blood  of  those  heroic  men 
who  fell  in  her  streets  on  the  immortal  Nineteenth  of 
April,  1861,  did  not  contribute  gloriously  to  that  great 
end,  and  wash  out  the  dark  stains  of  years  of  oppression 
and  violence  ?  "  The  blood  of  the  .martyrs  is  the  seed 
of  the  church."  Thus  the  Nineteenth  of  April  is  twice 
hallowed  in  the  memory  of  every  child  of  Massachusetts, 


THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.    57 

f 

who  will  experience  new  emotions  of  patriotic  pride  as 
he  remembers  the  deeds  of  1775  and  1861.  And,  as 
though  to  teach  us  that  one  state  must  not  be  the 
exclusive  custodian  of  the  honor  of  that  great  day,  we 
are  reminded,  that,  while  the  native  state  of  TAYLOR  is 
not  known,  LADD  was  born  in  New  Hampshire,  and 
WHITNEY  and  NEEDHAM  in  Maine.  Thus  at  least  three 
states  share  the  honor  of  the  day.  If  Massachusetts 
sent  these  heroes  forth,  they  drew  their  first  inspirations 
of  patriotism  from  Maine  and  New  Hampshire. 

ARRIVAL   IN   WASHINGTON. 

On  reaching  Washington,  the  regiment  was  welcomed 
with  great  joy  by  the  national  authorities,  who  were 
fearing  an  immediate  assault  from  the  enemy.  They 
were  the  first  armed  force  to  come  to  the  relief  of  the 
capital ;  and  their  presence  was  of  itself  a  defence, 
though  their  position  was  one  of  great  danger  and 
importance,  for  the  enemy  was  supposed  to  be  within  a 
short  distance,  and  all  connection  with  the  North  was 
cut  off  for  several  days.  They  were  quartered  in  the 
Senate  Chamber  and  adjoining  rooms  and  halls,  and  on 
their  first  night  in  Washington  were  able,  for  the  first 
time  since  leaving  home,  to  sleep.  Their  long  and 
eventful  march  had  indeed  been  checkered.  Feted  by 
friends  during  the  first  part  of  their  journey,  and 
assaulted  by  their  foes  during  the  last  part,  they  were 


58          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

glad  at  length  to  rest  in  the  quiet  of  their  stately  quarters. 
It  will  be  long  before  the  Senate  Chamber  presents  a 
sight  like  that  which  greeted  the  eye  of  the  spectator 
during  the  nights  of  the  last  of  April.  The  colonel  was 
accustomed  to  sleep  in  the  Vice  President's  chair,  with 
sword  and  equipments  on  ;  the  rest  of  the  officers  and 
men  were  prostrate  all  over  the  floor  around  him,  each 
with  sword  or  musket  within  reach  ;  the  gas-lights 
turned  down  to  sparks,  and  no  sound  but  the  heavy 
breathing  of  sleepers  and  the  hollow  tramp  of  sentinels 
on  the  lobby  floors.  Thus  the  gallant  fellows  slept  on 
their  arms  for  several  nights.  The  iron  ornaments,  and 
rough  and  polished  ashlers,  and  barrels  of  cement  that 
lay  about  the  capital,  were  speedily  extemporized  into 
formidable  barricades ;  and  soon  everything  was  in  readi 
ness  for  an  attack,  which,  though  confidently  expected, 
never  came. 

THE    FEELING   IN   THE    CAPITAL. 

The  feeling  in  Washington  when  our  troops  arrived  is 
illustrated  by  the  following  brief  note  :  — 

NATIONAL  HOTEL,  April  21. 
COL.  E.  S.  JONES, 

Dear  Sir,  —  The  ladies,  whose  names  are  on  the  enclosed  card, 
tender  their  services  to  your  command,  to  perform  any  service 
necessary  which  they  can  ;  would  be  glad  to  do  any  sewing, 
mending,  &c.,  or  to  nurse  the  sick.  At  any  time  they  will 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          59 

respond  to  any  call  upon  them  to  aid  the  brave  Massachusetts 
soldiers   who   have    come   to  Washington   at  the    call   of   their 

country. 

In  behalf  of  the  ladies,  I  am, 

Very  respectfully,  yours, 

Z.  K.  PANGBORX. 

The  ladies'  names  are  —  Mrs.  Z.  K.  Pangborn,  Mrs. 
Col.  F.  W.  Lander,  Miss  Harriet  Lander,  and  Mrs. 
Goodenow. 

HOW   THE    FIRST   FLAG    WAS    KEPT. 

During  the  first  few  days  in  Washington,  Col.  Jones 
became  anxious  for  the  preservation  of  the  flag  placed  in 
his  care  by  Gov.  Andrew ;  and  he  entrusted  it  to  the 
custody  of  Chaplain  Babbidge,  with  orders  to  keep  it 
about  his  person.  The  chaplain  folded  it  carefully,  and 
buttoned  it  across  his  breast,  beneath  his  coat,  saying 
occasionally  to  himself,  a  I  hope,  if  I'm  hit,  it  will  be 
in  the  breast,  and  that  the  old  flag  will  stop  the  ball." 

A    RUSE. 

Next  day  after  reaching  Washington,  the  regiment 
marched  up  Pennsylvania  Avenue  in  column  of  platoons, 
open  order  and  open  files,  thus  having  the  appearance, 
to  an  inexperienced  eye,  of  being  a  brigade  rather  than 
a  regiment.  The  effect  was  to  intimidate  the  secession 
ists  not  a  little  by  the  idea  that  the  government  had  a 


60         THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

large  force  at  hand.  The  stores  were  closed,  there  were 
few  people  about,  and  the  streets  were  more  quiet  than 
on  any  Sabbath  since.  There  was  no  music,  not  even  a 
drum  ;  but  eve-witnesses  describe  the  marching  as  mag 
nificent,  and  the  scene  as  one  of  the  most  imposing 
character. 

IN   THE   CAPITOL. 

During  those  early  weeks  of  the  war,  they  drilled,  built 
ovens,  tanks,  stored  immense  quantities  of  flour  in  the 
vaults  of  the  building  to  withstand  a  siege,  and  wrote 
letters  on  the  desks  of  "  honorable  "  gentlemen  who  had 
practised  treason  and  fraud  at  the  government  expense, 
and  enjoyed  their  new  experiences  immensely.  Ree'n- 
forcements  arriving,  they  were  under  less  restraint ;  and, 
as  they  moved  about  the  streets  of  the  capital,  they  were 
the  objects  of  great  regard  to  the  loyal  people  and  offi 
cials,  and  no  less  of  disgust  to  the  disloyal  men  and 
women,  of  whom  in  those  days  Washington  had  quan 
tities.  It  is  not  probable  that  the  honored  and  glorious, 
and  now  martyred  President,  with  all  his  other  experi 
ences,  ever  forgot  the  evening  when  the  Sixth  Massa 
chusetts  regiment  arrived,  and  saved  the  capital. 

THE   RELAY   HOUSE. 

Jt 

The  coming  of  other  troops,  and  the  danger  that 
threatened  another  place,  caused  the  regiment  to  be 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          61 

removed  to  the  Relay  House,  May  5th ;  and  on  Elk 
Ridge  Heights,  ten  miles  from  Baltimore,  they  bivouacked 
that  night,  and,  without  tents  or  other  shelter,  with  a 
cold  storm  raging,  built  booths  of  boughs  and  leaves,  and 
made  a  camp  more  unique  than  useful  or  ornamental. 
Here  they  remained  till  May  13th,  when  they  were 
ordered  to  Baltimore,  and  left  in  fine  spirits  for  the 
scenes  of  their  late  hurried  transit,  notwithstanding  the 
declarations  of  many  Baltimoreans  that  the  Sixth  Massa 
chusetts  should  never  enter  their  city  again.  They 
reached  there  in  the  evening ;  and,  in  the  darkness  of  a 
furious  thunder  shower,  they  raised  the  national  flag  on 
Federal  Hill,  and  kept  their  position  there  as  a  check 
on  any  rebel  plans  in  the  city.  While  there,  rebel 
arms  were  seized ;  and,  on  the  14th,  their  tents  ar 
rived. 

May  16th,  the  regiment  was  ordered  back  to  the  Relay 
House,  where  they  remained  guarding  the  railway.  Im 
mediately  after  Maj.  Watson,  with  fifty  men,  went  on 
an  interesting  expedition  to  capture  Ross  Winans,  a 
notorious  rebel. 

At  this  time,  these  words  made  their  appearance,  and 
"  Baltimore  "  became  the  rallying  cry  of  the  regiment ; 
and  this  constituted  the 

REGIMENTAL   SONG. 

The  night  is  dark,  the  camp  is  stilled  ; 
Each  soldier's  heart  with  joy  is  thrilled; 


62          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

He  dreams  of  home  and  scenes  gone  past, 
Not  conscious  but  his  dream  can  last. 

Chorus  —  Baltimore,  Baltimore, 

He  starts  at  the  cry  of  Baltimore. 

A  mystic  grandeur  fills  his  breast, 
While  peaceful  slumber  brings  him  rest ; 
He  little  thinks  of  danger  near,  — 
His  dream  unmixed  with  dread  or  fear. 
Chorus  —  Baltimore,  &c. 

At  length  the  guard,  with  watchful  eye, 
Discovers  danger  lurking  nigh  : 
Reminded  of  the  days  before, 
He  gives  the  cry  of  Baltimore. 
Chorus — Baltimore,  &c. 

Quick  the  soldier's  ready  ear 
Warns  him  of  the  foe  that's  near ; 
He  springs  out  in  the  dreary  night, 
From  slumber  to  defend  the  right. 
Chorus  —  Baltimore,  &c. 

"  Baltimore  !  "  the  alarming  word 
Thrills  the  heart  whene'er  'tis  heard,  — 
Suggests  the  loss  of  brothers  gone, 
Justice  calls  the  foe  to  atone. 

Chorus  —  Baltimore,  &c. 

When  duty  calls  so  loud  and  plain, 
With  sorrow  he  recalls  the  slain  ; 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          63 

And  sacred  as  the  brothers'  dust, 
So  sacred  is  the  cause,  and  just. 
Chorus  —  Baltimore,  &c. 

As  long  as  the  free  their  blood  shall  give, 
Our  country  shall  so  long  survive ; 
And  where  the  weak  the  strong  implore, 
The  rallying  cry  shall  be  "  Baltimore  ! " 
Chorus  —  Baltimore,  &c. 

COLORS  PRESENTED. 

May  25th,  the  regiment  was  drawn  up  in  line  as  a  mark 
of  respect  to  a  passing  train  bearing  the  dead  body  of 
Col.  Ellsworth.  May  29th,  several  gentlemen  of  New 
Jersey  presented  a  stand  of  colors  to  the  regiment.  The 
New  Jersey  committee  expressed  what  was  undoubtedly 
the  feeling  of  the  nation  at  that  time  toward  the 

regiment.  % 

BERGEN  POINT,  N.  J.,  May  25,  1861. 

SIR,  —  Please  accept  from  the  undersigned  the  accompanying 
regimental  colors,  to  be  by  you  presented  to  your  gallant  com 
mand,  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  Massachusetts.  In  common  with 
the  whole  country,  our  eyes  have  been  upon  you,  and  we  have 
witnessed  with  admiration  the  alacrity  with  which  you  tore  your 
selves  from  the  duties  of  civil  life,  and  the  endearments  of  home, 
and  hurried  to  the  aid  of  the  government,  and  the  defence  of  the 
flag.  Our  gift  is  but  a  slight  acknowledgment  of  our  apprecia 
tion  of  your  moral  and  soldierly  deportment,  your  gallantry  at 
Baltimore,  and  your  timely  rescue  from  danger  of  the  capital  of 
our  common  country. 


64          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

We,  without  fear,  commit  these  colors  to  the  descendants  of 
Concord,  Lexington,  and  Bunker  Hill,  confident  that  the  Sixth 
will  never  permit  dishonor  to  tarnish  the  glories  of  the  flag. 

RUFUS  STORY. 
JOHN   H.  WATSON. 
HENRY  PARET. 
To  Lieut.  Col.  B.  F.  WATSON,  commanding  Sixth  Kegiment. 

Col.  Watson  returned  an  appropriate  reply. 

BALTIMORE    GUARDED. 

While  here,  they  were  constantly  apprehensive  of  an 
attack,  the  air  being  full  of  rumors  ;  but  all  alarms  proved 
unfounded,  and  they  remained  without  other  incidents 
than  such  as  are  always  rife  in  camp,  till  June  13th, 
when  they  were  ordered  to  Baltimore  to  remain  and  pro 
tect  the  polls  during  the  election.  With  the  New  York 
Thirteenth  and  Cook's  Battery,  they  took  position  on 
Mount  Clare,  and  prevented  the  ruffians  of  Baltimore 
from  interfering  with  the  polls. 

While  the  regiment  was  in  the  city,  it  expected,  and 
was  amply  ready  for,  an  attack.  The  Thirteenth  New 
York  lay  on  the  hill  as  a  reserve,  if  needed ;  and  the 
guns  of  Fort  McHenry  were  all  ready  for  action, 
under  the  direction  of  Gen.  Banks ;  and  our  boys  went 
through  the  streets  at  double-quick,  manoeuvred  at  street- 
firing,  charging  bayonets,  firing  down  cross-streets,  and 
the  like,  the  whole  length  of  Pratt  and  East  Baltimore 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          65 

Streets  ;  but  this  time  the  mob  was  silent.  Learning  that 
the  Union  candidate  was  defeated,  they  returned  to  the 
Relay  House. 

MISCELLANEOUS   ITEMS. 

June  17,  they  marched  to  the  railway  station,  to 
honor  the  arrival  of  the  Massachusetts  First,  then  on  its 
way  to  Washington. 

June  20,  the  regiment  had  176  married,  and  427 
single  men:  all  but  149  followed  mechanical  pursuits. 
Of  the  149,  30  were  from  Acton,  and  27  from  Groton, 
and  were  chiefly  farmers.  In  the  Stoneham  company  of 
67  men,  51  were  shoemakers,  and  2  curriers. 

A  banner  was  presented  by  ladies  of  New  York, 
June  21. 

June  26,  the  regiment  was  again  sent  to  Baltimore, 
where  it  encamped  on  Mount  Clare,  and  in  a  neighboring 
grove.  On  the  31st,  at  two  o'clock  in  the  morning,  it 
marched  through  the  city  to  the  residence  of  Charles 
Howard,  President  of  the  Board  of  Police  Commis 
sioners,  and  conveyed  him  a  prisoner  to  Fort  Mc- 
Henry.  The  next  day  it  returned  to  the  Relay  House. 
The  Declaration  of  National  Independence  was  com 
memorated  on  the  Fourth  of  July  f  and  a  magnificent  silk 
banner  was  presented  by  loyal  citizens  of  Baltimore, 
bearing  this  inscription :  "  Loyal  Citizens  of  Baltimore, 
to  the  Sixth  Mass.  U.  S.  V.  Pratt  Street,  April  19, 
1861." 

5 


GG          THE    THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

July  16,  the  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates 
•  presented  the  Daughter  of  the  Regiment  with  a  costly 
and  beautiful  uniform,  —  a  dark  velvet  jacket,  trimmed 
with  gold  lace  ;  a  skirt  of  red,  white,  and  blue  silk ;  and 
a  light-colored  hat,  with  red,  white,  and  blue  feathers, 
on  one  side  of  which  was  a  gilt  wreath,  in  which  was 
a  figure  6.  The  canteen  was  of  silver,  handsomely 
embossed.  The  presentation  speech  was  made  by  Ser 
geant  Crowley,  to  which  the  Daughter  appropriately 
responded. 

July  22  arrived,  and  the  three  months  for  which  the 
regiment  had  entered  the  service  had  expired ;  but  no 
orders  had  been  received  to  move  homewards.  An 
alarm  had  been  given  early  in  the  morning ;  ammunition 
was  served  out ;  and  a  despatch  from  Gen.  Banks  re 
quired  them  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness  for  duty,  as 
tidings  had  reached  him  that  our  forces  were  falling 
back  from  Manassas  Junction.  An  earnest  desire  was 
expressed  by  some  of  the  regiment  to  return  home  ;  and 
Gen.  Banks  came  out  and  addressed  them,  asking  them 
to  volunteer  to  remain  a  short  time  longer ;  assuring 
them  that  their  services  would  not  be  needed  more  than 
six  days  beyond  the  period  of  three  months,  for  which 
they  enlisted,  and  that  they  were  needed  then.  The 
question  was  put  to  the  regiment,  and  it  voted  to  remain. 
Col.  Jones  informed  such  as  wished  to  go  home,  under 
those  circumstances,  that  they  were  at  liberty  to  leave ; 
and  twenty-one  left. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          67 

The  Baltimore  "  Clipper,"  referring  to  their  decision, 
said :  — 

They  are  as  willing  now  to  obey  the  call  of  their  country 
as  when,  three  months  ago,  they  left  happy  homes  and  firesides  to 
protect  -the  capital  from  invasion  by  Southern  traitors. 

VOTE    OF   THANKS   FROM    CONGRESS. 

The  popular  branch  of  Congress  passed  a  vote  of 
thanks,  which  was  handsomely  engrossed  on  parchment, 
and  forwarded,  and  is  now  in  the-  possession  of  Col. 
Jones. 

Thirty-seventh  Congress  of  the  United  States,  at  the  First  Session, 
in  the  House  of  Representatives,  July  22,  1861. 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  House  are  due,  and  are 
hereby  tendered,  to  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  the  Massachusetts  Vol 
unteers,  for  the  alacrity  with  which  they  responded  to  the  call 
of  the  President,  and  the  patriotism  and  bravery  which  they  dis 
played  on  the  19th  of  April  last,  in  fighting  their  way  through 
the  city  of  Baltimore,  on  their  march  to  the  defence  of  the  Fed 
eral  Capital. 

GALUSHA  A.  GROW, 

Attest,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

EM.  ETHERIDGE,  Clerk. 

THE  GENERAL'S  CONGRATULATION. 

Maj.  Gen.  Dix  published  a  congratulatory  order  on 

relieving  the  regiment  from  duty,  dated  July  29,  1861. 

The  following  is  one  of  many  proofs  that  might  be 


68          THE   THREE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

presented   to   show  how  prudently  the  delicate  duties 
entrusted  to  it  were  discharged  by  the  regiment :  — 

BALTIMORE  AND  OHIO  K.  K.  Co.,  July  29, 1861. 

COL.  E.  F.  JONES, 

(Commanding  Camp  at  Relay  House,  Washington  Junction.) 

Dear  Sir,  —  We  understand  that  you  are  soon  to  depart  from 
your  post,  on  your  return  to  Massachusetts,  the  term  of  your  regi 
ment  having  expired  some  time  since.  Before  you  leave  our  midst, 
we  cannot  omit  to  express  to  you  our  appreciation  of  the  extreme 
courtesy  and  manliness  which  have  been  shown  by  you  during 
our,  almost  constant  intercourse,  beginning  in  our  station,  at 
Baltimore,  during  the  fearful  morning  of  the  19th  of  April 
last.  While  at  all  times  rigidly  performing  your  duty  to  the 
government,  you  have  acted  so  as  to  command  universal  respect. 

W.  P.  SMITH,  Master  of  Trans. 

V 

HOME! 

July  29,  orders  came  to  break  camp  for  home ;  and 
that  military  manoeuvre,  never  performed  with  unwilling 
ness,  was  executed  at  six  o'clock  in  the  morning ;  and, 
three  hours  later,  Baltimore  was  again,  and  for  the  last 
time  in  the  campaign,  visited.  The  regiment  re 
ceived  quite  a  cordial  reception  this  time,  very  different 
from  its  first,  and  remained  in  the  city  till  five  in  the 
afternoon,  when  it  left  for  Philadelphia,  and  started 
for  New  York  at  ten  next  day,  and  for  Boston  at 
six  in  the  evening.  Everywhere  the  people  flocked 
to  see  the  men  who  received  the  first  blows  of  the  enemy, 


THE   THKEE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          59 

and  who  had  been  able  to  be  at  the  post  of  danger 
so  opportunely.  The  most  gratifying  attentions  were 
lavished  on  them  by  all. 

They  reached  Worcester,  the  home  of  company  G,  at 
ten  in  the  morning  of  August  1st;  and  there  were 
greeted  with  a  welcome  worthy  of  the  heart  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  and  more  gratifying  than  the  plaudits  of 
strangers.  They  staid  till  three  in  the  afternoon,  and 
then  departed  for  Boston,  where  they  were  received 
more  heartily  than  elsewhere  they  had  been,  and  es 
corted  to  the  Common,  and  addressed  by  Mayor  Wight- 
man  ;  to  whom  Col.  Jones  replied.  They  then  partook 
of  a  collation,  and  marched  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  they 
were  quartered  for  the  night;  all  but  company  K,  which 
was  quartered  in  its  armory.  Next  morning  (Aug.  2), 
after  breakfast  on  the  Common,  they  were  mustered 
out  of  the  United  States  service,  by  Col.  Amory,  and 
proceeded  to  the  Lowell  Depot. 

The  regiment  was  dismissed  by  the  following  order 
from  the  executive  :  — 

The  Sixth  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  Col. 
Jones,  has  returned  home.  It  was  the  first  which  went  forward 
to  the  defence  of  the  national  capital.  It  passed  through  Balti 
more,  despite  the  cowardly  assault  made  upon  it,  and  was  the  first 
to  reach  Washington. 

Its  gallant  conduct  has  reflected  new  lustre  upon  the  Common 
wealth,  and  has  given  new  historic  interest  to  the  19th  of  April. 
It  has  returned,  after  more  than  three  months  of  active  and  respon- 


70          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

sible   service.     It  will  be   received   by   our  people   with   warm 
hearts  and  generous  hands. 

The  regiment  is  now  dismissed  till  further  orders. 

Gov.  Andrew  was  unable  to  be  present  at  the  recep 
tion  of  the  regiment;  but  the  following  note  expressed 
his  regrets :  — 

COMMONWEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS. 

EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENT,  ( 
Boston,  August  1,  1861.      j 
To  COL.  JONES, 

Commanding  Sixth  Regiment  Mass.  Vol.  Militia. 

COLONEL,  —  His  Excellency,  Governor  Andrew,  regrets  ex 
ceedingly  that  the  condition  of  his  health  prohibits  him  from  meeting 
you  and  your  gallant  regiment  personally,  to-day,  and  expressing 
to  you  and  them  his  congratulations  upon  their  return,  after  a 
period  of  such  efficient  service.  He  directs  me,  in  his  absence,  to 
express  in  his  behalf,  how  highly  he  appreciates  their  conduct, 
from  the  hour  they  left  the  Commonwealth  to  this  moment  of 
their  return. 

He  looks  to  such  of  them  as  may  again  proceed  to  the  field, 
for  a  longer  term  of  service,  for  the  surest  means  of  promoting  the 
efficiency  of  our  volunteer  regiments,  and  of  maintaining  the  mili 
tary  reputation  of  Massachusetts,  which  they  have  helped  already 
so  much  to  illustrate. 

By  order  of  the  Governor  and  Commander-in-chief. 
I  am,  very  truly, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

A.  G.  BROWNE, 

Military   Secretary. 


THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.    71 

Leaving  Boston  at  noon,  the  regiment  arrived  in  Low 
ell  at  half-past  one,  where  it  was  saluted  by  nineteen 
guns  ;  and  led  by  the  Brigade  Band,  which  had  been 
with  it  some  two  weeks,  and  a  drum-corps  of  nineteen,  it 
was  escorted  by  the  fire  department  and  other  bodies, 
amid  the  sound  of  cannon,  bells,  and  enthusiastic  cheers, 
to  the  South  Common,  where  a  cordial  welcome  was  given 
by  Mayor  Sargent,  to  which  Col.  Jones  appropriately 
responded.  The  regiment  then  passed  through  some  of 
the  principal  streets,  to  Huntington  Hall,  and  partook  of 
a  bountiful  collation,  and  separated  after  the  heartiest 
greetings.  The  entire  population  welcomed  the  gallant 
fellows,  whose  appearance  was  unlike  that  of  our  soldiers 
to-day.  With  suits  of  Garibaldi  gray,  they  looked 
more  like  rebel  zouaves,  than  like  the  good  Union  soldiers 
they  were.  A  thousand  times  the  hardships  they  had 
experienced  would  have  been  slight  to  win  such  plaudits 
from  a  virtuous  and  grateful  people. 

In  the  afternoon,  the  different  companies  separated  for 
their  homes,  —  those  in  Lowell  disbanded  for  the  time 
being,  to  their  families  and  friends ;  and  the  others  to 
meet  a  hearty  public  welcome  in  their  own  localities. 

Company  B  received  a  grand  demonstration  on  the  part 
of  all  the  people  of  the  patriotic  and  famous  old  town  of 
Groton,  worthy  the  renown  of  the  place,  and  the  charac 
ter  of  the  ancient  company. 

Company  E  was  welcomed  to  Acton  in  a  similar  manner. 
The  town  voted  the  funds  for  a  fine  celebration  •  and  a 


72         THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

military,  civic,  and  popular  procession  was  got  up  ;  and 
four  military  companies  —  three  of  which  were  organized 
for  the  occasion  —  added  to  the  interest  of  the  day,  — 
one  of  the  most  joyous  in  the  annals  of  Acton. 

The  Lawrence  companies  were  welcomed, by  the  public- 
spirited  city  they  represented,  in  a  manner  worthy  of  all 
concerned.  Everybody  was  out.  Firemen,  military, 
city  officers,  a  cavalcade,  floral  cars,  and  other  accom 
paniments,  made  the  day  the  most  imposing  ever  seen  in 
Lawrence.  The  wife  and  sisters  of  the  lamented  Need- 
ham,  dressed  in  black,  rode  in  the  procession  ;  and  when 
passing  his  late  residence,  arms  were  reversed,  and  a 
dirge  was  played  by  the  band.  The  procession  then  pro 
ceeded  to  the  Common,  which  was  magnificently  deco 
rated  ;  and  here  congratulatory  and  patriotic  speeches 
were  made  by  Mayor  Barker  and  Lieut.-Col.  Watson ; 
after  which,  a  collation  closed  the  enjoyments  of  the  day. 
Lawrence,  ever  liberal  and  enthusiastic,  was  never  more 
so  than  when  she  welcomed  home  these  gallant  sons,  who 
had  done  her  and  themselves  so  much  honor. 

Company  G  received  a  double  welcome  from  the  heart 
of  the  Commonwealth  when  the  regiment  passed  through  ; 
and  again,  August  3d,  with  a  fine  public  reception  and 
banquet. 

Company  L  did  not  find  Stoneham  behind  the  other 
towns  in  her  cordial  welcome  of  the  returning  soldiers.  The 
population  came  to  the  station,  which  is  connected  with 
tlie  village  by  horse-cars,  on  foot  and  in  carriages,  with 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          73 

music  and  banners  ;  and  escorted  them  to  their  homes  with 
every  demonstration  of  joy.  There  they  gave  them  such 
proofs  of  their  appreciation  of  their  services,  as  made  the 
occasion  one  of  unalloyed  pleasure.  It  can  scarcely  again 
be  possible  that  returning  soldiers,  whether  for  a  short  or 
long  period  of  service,  can  receive  a  welcome  so  enthusi 
astic  and  feeling  as  was  received  everywhere  by  the 
Heroes  of  Baltimore. 

CONCLUSION. 

With  the  exception  of  the  remarkable  events  of  the 
19th  of  April,  the  experience  of  the  Sixth  does  not  seem 
to  have  been  very  notable  ;  but  when  the  novelty  of  their 
position  ;  the  readiness  with  which  they  rushed  to  arms  ; 
the  cool,  calm  courage  they  exhibited  when  surrounded 
by  an  infuriated  mob ;  their  obedience  to  orders,  and  their 
readiness  to  meet  every  emergency ;  the  position  of  dan 
ger  and  importance  they  occupied  at  Washington,  —  the 
first  regiment  to  arrive  for  the  defence  of  the  capital ; 
their  efficiency  at  the  Relay  House  and  Baltimore,  both 
at  the  beginning  of  the  campaign,  and  their  willingness  to 
remain  after  their  time  had  expired,  when  the  disaster  at 
Bull  Run  made  their  presence  of  the  greatest  importance ; 
—  when  all  this  is  considered,  crowded  into  the  brief 
period  of  three  months,  it  will  be  confessed  by  poster 
ity,  that  theirs  is  a  historic  name  and  fame  that  should 
never  be  forgotten. 


74    THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

That  their  patriotism  was  not  the  ebullition  of  a  mo 
ment,  but  a  fixed  principle,  that  they  are  worthy  sons  of 
noble  sires,  can  be  seen  in  the  subsequent  military  history 
of  most  of  them.  After  this  brief  campaign,  the  larger 
part  of  them  reentered  the  service,  and  fought  their  coun 
try's  battles,  not  only  in  many  of  our  own  state's  corps, 

—  about  four  hundred  of  them  having  entered  sixty-five 
different  Massachusetts  regiments  and  batteries,  —  but 
they  distributed  themselves  through  bodies  of  troops  from 
every  New  England  state  ;  and  were  found  in  Regulars, 
Pennsylvania,  New  York,  Maryland,  New  Jersey,  and 
District  of  Columbia  corps,  and  in  the  navy.    The  battle 
fields  and  hospitals  of  nearly  every  Southern  State  have 
borne  witness  to  their  fidelity ;  and  the  histories  of  those 

—  a  hundred  different  military  organizations,  and  a  thou 
sand  battles  —  must  be  consulted,  to  complete  the  sum  of 
their  noble  efforts  to  serve  their  country. 

At  the  close  of  the  campaign,  the  organization  was 
preserved,  in  spite  of  the  scattering  of  a  large  number  of 
its  officers  and  men  into  other  organizations.  Its  further 
history  will  be  seen  in  the  sketch  of  the  Nine  Months' 
Campaign. 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS  OF  THE  SIXTH  FROM 

1840-G1. 

I  had  intended  to  trace  the  field  and  staff  officers  of  the 
regiments  to  which  the  several  companies  have  belonged, 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          75 

from  the  beginning  of  our  regimental  organizations  ;  but 
the  regimental  changes  have  been  so  numerous  in  the 
past,  and  the  old  records  at  the  office  of  the  Adjutant 
General  are  so  obscure,  that  it  is  very  difficult,  if  not  im 
possible  to  do  so ;  and  I  have  only  attempted  to  trace  it 
while  designated  as  the  Fifth  and  Sixth.  It  dates  from 
the  earliest  years  of  our  militia  system.  It  has  several 
times  had  its  number  changed  ;  though,  in  1778,  it  com 
prised  the  same  territory  as  now,  and  was  known  then  as 
the  Sixth  Regiment.  Between  1840  and  1855,  it  was 
called  the  Fifth ;  and  since  then  it  has  resumed  its  orig 
inal  number. 

The  field  and  staff,  since  1840,  have  been  composed 
as  follows  :  — 

Colonel,  JEFFERSON  BANCROFT,  1840  .            Lowell. 

Lieut-Colonel,  TIMOTHY  G.  TWEED,  "     .  " 

Major,  SAMUEL  P.  SHATTUCK,  "  .        Pepperell. 

Adjutant,  STEPHEN  PARKER,  "     .  .      Dracut. 

Quartermaster,  SALMON  D.  CIIACE,  "  .             Lowell. 

Surgeon,  JOHN  W.  GRAVES,  "     .  .          " 

Chaplain,  ABEL  C.  THOMAS,  "  .                 " 

Colonel,  TIMOTHY  G.  TWEED,  1842  .           " 

Lieut.-Colonel,  SAMUEL  P.  SHATTUCK,    "  '.         Pepperell. 

Major,  GEORGE  SHATTUCK,  "     .  .       Groton. 

Adjutant,  GILBERT  FERRIN,  u  .              Lowell. 

Quartermaster,  J.  L.  HUNTRESS,  "     .  .           " 

Surgeon,  OTIS  PERHAM,  "  .                  " 

Chaplain,  A.  A.  MINER,  "    .  .          " 

Colonel,  S.  P.  SHATTUCK,  1845  .           Pepperell. 

Lieut.-Colonel,  GEORGE  SHATTUCK,  "     .  .      Groton. 


76 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 


Major,  ABIJAH  WATSON,  1845 
Quartermaster,  CHRISTOPHER  BELLOWS,    " 
Chaplain,  L.  H.  SHELDON,  " 

Surgeon,  CHARLES  E.  PARKER,  " 

Colonel,  S.  P.  SHATTUCK,  " 

Lieut-Colonel,  GEORGE  SHATTUCK,  " 

Major,  ABIJAH  WATSON,  " 

Adjutant,  GILBERT  FERRIN, 
Quartermaster,  CHRISTOPHER  BELLOWS,    " 
Chaplain,  LUTHER  H.  SHELDON,  " 

Surgeon,  CHARLES  E.  PARKER,  " 

Lieut-Colonel,  ABIJAH  WATSON,  1847 
Major,  CHARLES  E.  STANLEY,  " 

Colonel,  ABIJAH  WATSON,  1848 
Lieut-Colonel,  CHARLES  E.  STANLEY,     " 
Major,  BENJ.  F.  BUTLER,  " 

Quartermaster,  HOLLAND  STREETER,        " 
Chaplain,  URIAH  CLARK,  " 

Surgeon,  LUTHER  B.  MORSE, 
Chaplain,  THEODORE  EDSON,  " 

Lieut-Colonel,  B.  F.  BUTLER,  1850 
Major,  GEORGE  F.  BANCROFT,  " 

Major,  EDMUND  A.  PARKER,  " 

Adjutant,  GEORGE  F.  SAWTELLE, 

Colonel,  B.  F.  BUTLER,  1852 

Lieut-Colonel,  ALDEN  LAWRENCE,  " 

Surgeon,  WALTER  BURNHAM,  1853 
Major,  JOHN  AVERY,  JR.,  " 

Lieut-Colonel,  JOSIAH  G.  CLARKE,  1854 


Lowell. 

Pepperell. 

Townsend. 

Pepperell. 

« 

Groton. 
Lowell. 

M 

Pepperell. 

Townsend. 

Pepperell. 

Lowell. 


Pepperell. 

u 

Lowell. 

a 

Pepperell. 
Lowell. 

a 
u 


In  1855,  the  number  was  changed  to  the  Sixth  Regi 
ment,  M.  V.  M. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          77 

Colonel,  GEORGE  F.  SAWTELLE,  1855  .          Lowell. 

Lieut.-Colonel,  L.  D.  SARGENT,  "  .        Lawrence. 

Major,  EDWARD  F.  JONES,  "     .  .     Pepperell. 

Adjutant,  ALPHA  i>.  FARR,  "  .             Lowell. 

Quartermaster,  BENJ.  F.  WATSON,  "     .  .     Lawrence. 

Surgeon,  JOEL  SPALDING,  "  .              Lowell. 

Colonel,  EDWARD  F.  JONES,  1857  .  .    Pepperell. 

Lieut.-Colonel,  WALTER  SHATTUCK,          "  .  Groton. 

Major,  B.  F.  WATSON,                                 "     .  .    Lawrence. 

Chaplain,  CHARLES  BABBIDGE,                  "  »  Pepperell. 

Surgeon,  NORMAN  SMITH,  "     .  .         Groton. 

Quartermaster,  JAMES  L.  WILLIAMS,  "  .              Lowell. 

Quartermaster,  JAMES  MUNROE,  1859  .  .  Cambridge. 

Lieut.-Colonel,  B.  F.  WATSON,  at  Relay  House,  1861. 

POETRY    OF   THE   PERIOD. 

Among  the  poetry  which  burst  from  the  hearts  of  the 
people,  the  following  pieces  are  presented  here  as  worthy 
of  preservation :  — 

APRIL  19,  1775-1861. 

Once  more,  our  dear  old  Massachusetts  ! 

How  the  thought  comes  over  us,  and  well  it  may  !  — 
Of  the  drops  wherewith  the  ancient  green  was  reddened, 

It  is  six  and  eighty  years  this  very  day. 

Six  and  eighty  years  —  and  it  seemed  but  a  memory  — 

Little  left  of  all  that  glory,  so  we  thought: 
Only  the  old  firelocks  hung  on  farm-house  chimney, 

And  rude  blades  the  village  blacksmith  wrought. 


78  THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Only  here  and  there  a  white  head  that  remembers 

How  the  frocks  of  homespun  stood  against  King  George,  — 

How  the  hard  hands  stretched  them  o'er  the  scanty  embers, 
When  the  sleet  and  snow  came  down  at  Valley  Forge. 

Ah  me  !  how  long  we  lay  in  quiet  and  in  error, 

Till  the  snake  shot  from  the  coil  he  had  folded  on  our  hearth, — 

Till  the  dragon  fangs  had  sprouted,  o'erhatched  of  hate  and  terror, 
And  hell  in  armed  legions  seemed  bursting  from  the  earth. 

Once  more,  dear  Brother  State  !  thy  pure,  brave  blood  baptizes 
Our  last  and  noblest  struggle  for  freedom  and  for  right. 

It  fell  on  the. cruel  stones;  but  an  awful  nation  rises, 

In  the  glory  of  its  conscience,  and  the  splendor  of  its  might. 

H.  H.  B 

HAKTFOED  ( Conn. )  PRESS. 


ALL  HAIL  TO  THE  STARS  AND  STRIPES. 

BY    GEO.    T.    BROWNE. 

When  home  returning  from  the  fight, 

They  wend  their  way  with  noble  scars, 
They'll  point  to  wounds  by  traitorous  hands, 

Which  fought  against  the  Stripes  and  Stars. 
But  noble  wounds  will  be  forgot, 

As  each  his  blood-stained  sabre  wipes, 
And  thinks  how  rose  that  dying  voice,  — 

"  All  hail  the  glorious  Stars  and  Stripes ! " 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

"  All  hail  the  Stars  and  Stripes  ! "     The  words 

Are  graven  now  on  every  heart : 
A  nation's  watchword,  Freedom's  song, 

Of  every  future  act  a  part. 
"  All  hail  the  glorious  Stars  and  Stripes  ! " 

The  echo  leaps  from  hill  to  hill ; 
We  first  drew  breath  beneath  its  folds, 

We'll  live  and  die  beneath  it  still. 

"All  hail  the  Stars  and  Stripes  !  "  the  cry 

From  forest  home  to  ocean  shore. 
Ten  thousand  times  ten  thousand  hands 

Are  raised  to  free  that  flag  once  more. 
To  each  proud  heart  new  hope  is  sent, 

To*  each  strong  arm  new  strength  is  given  ; 
And,  raised  aloft  from  every  home, 

The  Stars  and  Stripes  float  nearer  heaven. 

NEW  YORK  TRIBUNE. 


ALL  HAIL  TO  THE  STARS  AND  STRIPES. 


BY    ANNIE    M.    LAWRENCE. 


"  Decet  et  dulce,  pro  patria  mori" 

Ebbed  the  purple  life-tide  slowly ; 
Drooped  the  eyelids  yet  more  lowly ; 
On  the  face,  the  shadow  holy 
Told  that  Death  had  come. 


80          THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Will  he  die  without  one  token  ? 
Will  there  be  no  last  word  spoken, 
That  shall  soothe  some  heart  nigh  broken 
In  his  far  off  home  ? 

Suddenly  new  strength  seemed  given  : 
Upward  looking  toward  heaven, 
Sought  his  gaze  the  starry  pennon 

Floating  'gainst  the  sky. 
Love  and  Faith  and  Hope  seemed  meeting, 
While  with  hands  reached  forth  entreating, 
Spake  his  dying  lips  their  greeting, 

Writ  in  gold  on  high. 

Passed  his  life  away,  forth  sending 

Words  whose  triumph  seems  unending : 

"  All  hail  the  Stars  and  Stripes!  "  whose  blendin< 

Tells  of  Freedom  won. 
In  his  agony  of  glory, 
Spake  he  what  in  letters  holy, 
Gleaming  'mid  our  nation's  story, 

Patriots  oft  have  done. 

Words  of  old,  yet  now  new  spoken ; 
Cling  we  to  them  as  a  token, 
That  our  Union  stands  unbroken, 

Safe  each  Stripe  and  Star. 
God-preserved  from  desolation, 
May  we  find  a  firm  duration, 
While  above  our  happy  nation 

Freedom  shines  afar. 
STILL  RIVER,  Worcester  County,  Mas?. 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          81 


THE  MEN  WHO  FELL  IN  BALTIMORE. 

DEDICATED     TO     THE     SIXTH     MASSACHUSETTS     REGIMENT. 
BY   J.    \V.    FORNEY. 

Our  country's  call  awoke  the  land 
From  mountain  height  to  ocean  strand. 
The  Old  Keystone,  the  Bay  State,  too, 
In  all  her  direst  dangers  true, 
Resolved  to  answer  to  her  cry, 
For  her  to  bleed,  for  her  to  die  ; 
And  so  they  marched,  their  flag  before, 
For  Washington,  through  Baltimore. 

Our  men  from  Berks  and  Sclmylkill  came  — 
Lehigh  and  Mifflin  in  their  train  : 
First  in  the  field  they  sought  the  way, 
Hearts  beating  high  and  spirits  gay ; 
Heard  the  wild  yell  of  fiendish  spite, 
Of  armed  mobs  on  left  and  right ; 
But  on  they  marched,  their  flag  before, 
For  Washington,  through  Baltimore. 

Next  came  the  Massachusetts  men, 
Gathered  from  city,  glade,  and  glen  : 
No  hate  for  South,  but  love  for  all, 
They  answered  to  their  country's  call. 
The  path  to  them  seemed  broad  and  bright ; 
They  sought  no  foemen  and  no  fight, 
As  on  they  marched,  their  flag  before, 
New  England's  braves,  through  Baltimore. 
6 


82          THE   THREE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN 

But  when  they  showed  their  martial  pride, 
And  closed  their  glittering  columns  wide, 
They  found  their  welcome  in  the  fire 
Of  maddened  foes  and  demons  dire, 
Who,  like  the  fiends  from  hell  sent  forth, 
Attacked  these  heroes  of  the  North,  — 
These  heroes  bold,  with  travel  sore, 
While  on  their  way  through  Baltimore. 

From  every  stifling  den  and  street, 
They  rushed  the  gallant  band  to  meet : 
Forgot  the  cause  they  came  to  save ; 
Forgot  that  those  they  struck  were  brave ; 
Forgot  the  dearest  ties  of  blood 
That  bound  them  in  one  brotherhood  ; 
Forgot  the  flag  that  floated  o'er 
Their  countrymen  in  Baltimore. 

And  the  great  song  their  son  had  penned, 
To  rally  freemen  to  defend 
The  banner  of  the  stripes  and  stars, 
That  makes  victorious  all  our  wars, 
Was  laughed  to  scorn,  as  madly  then 
They  greeted  all  the  gallant  men 
Who  came  from  Massachusetts'  shore 
To  Washington,  through  Baltimore. 

And  when  with  wildest  grief  at  last 
They  saw  their  comrades  falling  fast, 
Full  on  the  assassins  in  their  track 
They  wheeled,  and  drove  the  cowards  back. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          83 

Then,  with  their  hearts  o'erwhelmed  with  woe, 
Measured  their  progress,  stern  and  slow ; 
Their  wounded  on  their  shoulders  bore, 
To  Washington,  through  Baltimore. 

Yet  while  New  England  mourns  her  dead, 
The  blood  by  Treason  foully  shed, 
Like  that  which  flowed  at  Lexington, 
When  Freedom's  earliest  fight  begun, 
Will  make  the  day,  the  month,  the  year, 
To  every  patriot's  memory  dear. 
Sons  of  great  fathers  gone  before, 
They  fell  for  right,  at  Baltimore. 

As  over  every  honored  grave, 
Where  sleeps  the  "  unreturning  brave," 
A  mother  sobs,  a  young  wife  moans, 
A  father  for  his  lost  one  groans, 
Oh,  let  the  people  ne'er  forget 
Our  deep,  enduring,  lasting  debt 
To  those  who  left  their  native  shore, 
And  died  for  us  in  Baltimore. 

Col.  Forney,  the  distinguished  editor  of  the  Philadel 
phia  "  Press,"  wrote  these  lines,  which  give  expression  to 
the  universal  feeling  that  went  out  toward  our  regiment. 
The  second  stanza  describes  the  men  of  Pennsylvania  as 
having  been  first  in  the  field.  It  should  be  remembered 
that  the  Pennsylvanians  were  unarmed  and  undrilled, 
and  could  have  been  of  no  possible  service.  The  Sixth 


84          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Massachusetts  were   the  first  soldiers  to  reach  Wash 
ington. 

THE  YANKEE  VOLUNTEERS. 

[Sung  by   Private  Ephraim    Peabody,   on  the    night  after  the  march 
through  Baltimore.] 

Come,  all  ye  true  Americans,  that  love  the  stripes  and  stars, 
For  which  your  gallant  countrymen  go  marching  to  the  wars, 
For  grand  old  Massachusetts  raise  up  three  rousing  cheers, 
Three  times  three  and  a  tiger  for  the  Yankee  Volunteers. 

The  19th  day  of  April,  they  marched  unto  the  war, 
And  on  that  day,  upon  the  way,  they  stopped  at  Baltimore, 
And  trustingly  expected  the  customary  cheers 
Which  every  loyal  city  gives  the  Yankee  Volunteers. 

But  suddenly  in  fury  there  came  a  mighty  crowd, 
Led  on  by  negro  drivers,  with  curses  long  and  loud ; 
With  frenzied  imprecations,  with  savage  threats  and  sneers, 
They  welcomed  to  the  city  the  Yankee  Volunteers. 

So  furious  grew  the  multitude,  they  rushed  at  them  amain, 
And  a  great  storm  of  missiles  came  pouring  like  a  rain : 
Amid  a  thundering  clamor,  such  as  mortal  seldom  hears, 
They  tried  to  cross  the  city,  did  the  Yankee  Volunteers. 

The  murderous  storm  of  missiles  laid  many  a  soldier  low, 
Still  the  unswerving  hearts  forbore  to  give  the  answering  blow, 
Till  all  the  miscreants  shouted,  "  They're  nearly  dead  with  fears ; 
We'll  hurry  up  and  finish  these  Yankee  Volunteers  !  " 


THE   THREE   MOHTNS'    CAMPAIGN.          85 

But  lo !  the  guns  are  levelled,  and  loud  the  volleys  roar, 

And  inch  by  inch  they  fight  their  way  through  the   streets  of 

Baltimore. 

Before  them  shrank  the  traitors,  above  them  rise  the  cheers, 
As,  though  they  throng  a  myriad  strong,  march  on  the  Volun 
teers. 

Hurrah,  then,  for  the  old  Bay  State,  that  stood  so  well  at  bay  ! 
Hurrah  for  those  who  shed  their   blood,  and  gave    their   lives 

away ! 

For  grand  old  Massachusetts,  boys,  let's  give  three  rousing  cheers ; 
Three  times  three  and  a  ti;rer  for  the  Yankee  Volunteers. 


REGIMENTAL    ROSTER. 

In  the  following  roster  the  author  has  endeavored 
to  give  the  name  of  each  officer  and  soldier,  and  to 
append  to  his  name  his  subsequent  military  service, 
up  to  the  close  of  the  war ;  and,  so  far  as  he  could, 
he  has  given  the  death  or  wounds  of  those  who  have 
been  wounded  or  died,  —  on  the  authority,  of  course, 
of  others.  Brief  notes  of  reference  to  the  Massachusetts 
corps  into  which  they  have  subsequently  gone  are  ap 
pended.  To  see  the  whole  of  the  varied  service  in 
which  they  have  engaged,  the  reader  will  be  obliged 
to  consult  the  published  records  of  other  states.  Indeed, 
the  history  of  the  members  of  the  Old  Sixth  impinges 
on  almost  every  important  event  in  the  war,  —  on  land 
and  on  many  a  glorious  achievement  on  the  seas. 


86          THE   THREE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Colonel  —  EDWARD  F.  JONES,  Pepperell.  —  Col.  Jones  had 
distinguished  himself  as  the  inventor  of  the  famous  arrangement 
by  which  the  kerosene  lamp-wick  is  moved.  He  afterwards 
recruited  the  Twenty-sixth  regiment,1  of  which  he  was  Colonel, 
until  he  resigned  his  commission,  July  27,  1862.  The  old  town 
of  Pepperell  has  the  distinguished  honor  of  furnishing  two  colo 
nels,  who,  from  the  places  they  have  occupied  in  the  country's 
service,  can  never  be  forgotten, —  Col.  Prescott,  who  was  the 
commander  on  Bunker  Hill,  and  Col.  Jones,  the  commander  at 
Baltimore.  She  can  never  cease  to  be  proud  that  these  two  of 
her  sons  will  forever  be  associated  with  June  17,  1775,  and  April 
19,  1861. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  —  BENJ.  F.  WATSON,  Lawrence.  —  Col. 
Watson  was  in  the  legal  profession  in  Lawrence.  He  was  pro 
moted  from  the  majority,  August  17,  1861.  The  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  Walter  Shattuck  of  Groton,  started  for  Washington  with 
the  regiment ;  but  he  resigned  from  age  and  infirmity.  Col. 
Watson  was  appointed  U.  S.  Paymaster,  September  25,  1861, 
and  was  seriously  injured  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  Janu 
ary  30,  1864,  and  resigned  in  consequence,  in  October,  1864.  He 
was  in  command  of  the  post  at  Relay  House,  from  May  13  to 
May  16,  1861,  by  order  of  Gen.  Butler,  and  commanded  the 
regiment  from  May  16  to  July  25. 

1  The  Twenty-sixth  Massachusetts  Eegiment  was  recruited  in  Lowell, 
by  Col.  Edward  F.  Jones,  commander  of  the  Old  Sixth.  It  contained 
many  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  old  regiment,  about  a  hundred  in  all. 
It  sailed  from  Boston,  Nov.  21,  1861,  and  was  stationed  most  of  its  term 
of  service  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf.  It  returned  from  the  wars  in 
the  autumn  of  1864,  after  three  years  of  honorable  service,  leaving  behind 
a  goodly  representation  of  veterans. 


7 


THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         87 

Major  —  JOSIAH  A.  SAWTELLE,  Lowell,  was  promoted  from 
the  Captaincy  of  company  A,  May  17,  1861.  On  raising  the 
Twenty-sixth  regiment,  he  was  appointed  to  the  majority,  and 
promoted  to  the  I/ eu tenant-Colonelcy,  July  29,  1862,  and  was 
discharged  October  14,  1864. 

Surgeon  —  NORMAN  SMITH,  Groton. 

Chaplain  —  CHARLES  BABBIDGE,  Pepperell.  —  Mr.  Babbidge 
was  pastor  of  the  Unitarian  Church  in  Pepperell,  and  was  the 
first  clergyman  who  was  called  into  actual  service  to  suppress  the 
rebellion,  as  he  was  also  the  first  graduate  of  Harvard  University 
to  enter  the  service.  He  was  graduated  in  the  class  of  1828. 
Mr.  Babbidge  subsequently  served  three  years  as  Chaplain  of  the 
Massachusetts  Twenty-sixth. 

Adjutant  —  ALPHA  B.  FARR,  Lowell.  —  Adjutant  Farr  en 
tered  the  Twenty-sixth  as  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  was  promoted 
to  the  command,  July  28,  1862,  and  remained  in  command  till 
the  expiration  of  his  service,  November  7,  1864. 

Quartermaster  —  JAMES  MUXROE,  Cambridge,  was  also 
Quartermaster  of  the  Twenty-sixth,  and  died  in  the  faithful  per 
formance  of  his  duties,  November  18,  1862. 

Paymaster  —  RUFUS  L.  PLAISTED,  Lowell. 

Assistant  Surgeon  —  JANSEN  T.  PAINE,  Charlestown.  Sub 
sequently  Post  Surgeon  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf. 

Sergeant-Major  —  SAMUEL  W.  SHATTUCK,  Groton,  —  became 
Adjutant  of  the  Eighth  Vermont,  and  was  subsequently  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Captain,  and  held  the  position  of  Assistant  Ad 
jutant  General,  2d  Brig.  1st  Div.  Nineteenth  Army  Corps. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  —  CHURCH  HOWE,  Worcester,  —  was 
Quartermaster  of  the  Massachusetts  Fifteenth,1  and  was  promoted 

aThe  Massachusetts  Fifteenth  was  organized  in  Worcester  County, 
tinder  command  of  Col.  Charles  Devens,  Jr.,  and  was  mustered,  June  2, 
1861.  It  was  at  Ball's  Bluff,  in  the  Peninsula  battles  under  McClellan; 


88          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

to  the  rank  of  Captain,  January  8,  1863.  He  was  discharged 
from  the  service,  April  10,  1863. 

Commissary  Sergeant  —  JOHN  DUPEE,  Boston. 

Drum  Major  —  FREDERICK  K.  STAFFORD,  Lowell. 

Hospital  Steward  —  WILLIAM  II.  GRAY,  Acton,  —  has  since 
held  the  position  of  Surgeon  in  the U.  S.  colored  regiment. 

LOWELL   BRIGADE   BAND. 

These  celebrated  musicians  accompanied  the  Sixth  to 
Baltimore.  Their  transportation  was  in  a  baggage-car, 
in  the  rear  of  the  train  ;  and,  through  .some  misapprehen 
sion,  it  remained  at  the  station  after  the  regiment  had 
left.  There  the  band  stayed,  awaiting  orders  to  move, 
and  without  arms,  when  the  mob  began  to  make  hostile 
demonstrations.  The  doors  of  the  car  were  closed  by  the 
band ;  but  the  mob  soon  broke  them  open,  and  the  musi 
cians  were  forced  to  leave,  abandoning  their  instruments 
and  other  property.  The  Baltimore  police,  many  of 
them  evidently  in  league  with  the  roughs,  were  appealed 
to  in  vain  to  assist  them,  and  they  fled  for  their  lives. 
A  crowd  of  women,  mostly  foreigners,  concealed  them 
in  their  houses,  and  exchanged  their  uniforms  for  other 
clothing,  in  which  disguise  they  were  conveyed  by  a 
strong  body  of  police,  late  in  the  afternoon,  under  in 
structions  from  the  mayor,  on  board  the  Philadelphia 

at  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg;  and  with  Grant  at  the  begin 
ning  of  his  successful  advance  on  Petersburg.  It  has  a  most  enviable 
record  of  service. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          89 

train.  They  arrived  in  Lowell,  April  22.  In  the  music- 
store  of  Rugg  and  Carlton,  Lowell,  may  be  seen  some 
of  the  battered  relics  of  the  day,  in  the  shape  of  a  bass 
drum  and  a  brass  instrument,  much  the  worse  for  wear. 
Their  names  were  — 

George    Brooks,  Lowell ;  subsequently,  26th  Mass.  Band. 

Eli  B.  Carlton,  " 

Charles  Colburn,  Boston. 

Abel  F.  Crocker,  Lowell ;  subsequently,  26th  Mass.  Band. 

Oliver  T.  Davis,  "                   "                     "             " 

William  K.  Doe,  " 

John  M.  Lovett,  "     17th  Mass.  Band;1  59th  Mass.  Band.2 

Greenleaf  W.  Metcalf,     "        Gth  Mass.  9  months. 

Eugene  S.  Muzzey,  "        subsequently,  26th  Mass.  Band. 

Coffern  Nutting,  Dracut. 

Henry  G.  Parshley,  Lowell,  1 3th  N.  H.  Band.     Deceased. 

John  H.  Parshley,  "        13th  N.  H.  Band. 

Charles  J.  Patterson,  " 

James  Poison,  "        subsequently,  26th  Mass.  Band. 

George  A.  Wilson,  "                   "                     "           " 

Artemas  S.  Young,  " 

1  The  Seventeenth  Massachusetts  left  Lynnfield.  August  23,  1861,  and 
was  stationed  in  Baltimore  several  months.    It  then  went  to  New  Berne, 
in  and  near  which  it  remained  during  the  larger  part  of  its   service; 
meanwhile  engaging  in  most  of  the  battles  of  1863-4.    Eight  of  its  compa 
nies  were  from  Essex,  one  from  Suffolk,  and  one  from  Middlesex.    Kin- 
ston,  Washington,  and  Weldon,  testify  to  its  gallantry. 

2  The  Fifty-ninth  Massachusetts  was  raised  by  the  gallant  Col.  J.  P. 
Gould,  Major  of  the  Thirteenth,  and  arrived  in  Washington,  April  28,  1864. 
Ten  days  after  leaving  Massachusetts,  it  had  its  first  fight.    It  performed 
noble  service  in  the  closing  scenes  of  the  war. 


90         THE   THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

COMPANY  A,  LOWELL. 

Re-enlisted  as  a  company  nine  months,  1862-3,  in  the  same  regiment. 
Disbanded   by  general    order   in    1865. 

The  Lawrence  Cadets  were  originally  named  for  Dr. 
Ambrose  Lawrence,  of  Lowell ;  and  the  company  was 
organized  in  1855.  In  1860,  the  name  was  changed  to 
National  Greys.  Its  officers  have  been  as  follows  :  — 

Captain  —  J.  A.  SAWTELLE  held  command  from  the  organiza 
tion  of  the  company  till  May  17,  1861. 

Lieutenants  — JAMES  H.  WARD,  ENOCH  W.  BARKER, 
JAMES  W.  HART,  FRANCIS  N.  CARR,  E.  W.  RICHARDSON, 
CHARLES  E.  PEVEY,  P.  V.  THOMAS,  R.  H.  TYLER,  AN 
DREW  J.  JOHNSON,  GEORGE  W.  LAWRENCE. 

The  Greys  promptly  responded  to  the  Governor's  call, 
and  assembled  in  Huntington  Hall,  on  the  morning  of 
the  16th,  with  companies  C,  D,  and  H,  where  a  great 
and  intensely  excited  crowd  had  assembled  to  say  good- 
by.  The  Mayor,  Hon.  B.  C.  Sargent,  addressed  them, 
and  they  departed,  as  already  related. 

The  company  roster,  with  such  facts  appended  as  I 
have  been  able  to  procure,  reads  thus :  — 

Captain,  JOSIAH  A.  SAWTELLE,  Lowell ;  promoted  Major,  May 
17  ;  Lieut.-Col.  26th  Mass.,  3  years. 

Lieutenant,  ANDREW   J.  JOHNSON,  Lowell;    1st    Lieut.  Co.  A, 

26th  Mass.;  discharged,  April  10,  1862. 
"         ANDREW   C.   WRIGHT,    Lowell;    Capt.  Co.  A,  6th 
Mass.,  9  months;  resigned,  November,  1862. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          91 

Sergeant,  ENOCH   J.    FOSTER,    Lowell ;    1st  Lieut.    6th   Mass., 

9  months ;  discharged,  sick,  and  died. 
"        GEORGE  M.  DICKERMAN,  Lowell ;  Capt.,  May  18, 1861. 

Capt.  Co.  A,  26th  Mass. ;  prisoner  in  Shenandoah 

Valley. 
"       GEORGE    W.    SNELL,   Lowell ;    2d  and  1st  Lieut.  Co. 

A,  6th   Mass.,   9    months;   Capt.,  January,    1865, 

when  disbanded. 
"        JOHN  F.  SWETT,  Lowell. 

Corporal,  LINUS  M.  CADWELL,  Lowell ;  N.  H.,  Color  Serg. 

"         W.  F.    LOVREIN,  Lowell;    Serg.   Maj.    6th   Mass.,    9 

months;  U.  S.  R.  R.  service,  prisoner,  1864. 
"         ALFRED  J.  HALL,  Lowell;   2d  Lieut,  and  Capt.   6th 

Mass.,  9  months. 

"         JOHN  W.  CARTER,  Lowell. 
"         SOLOMON    CLARK,  Lowell;    2d   Lieut.    6th  Mass.,    9 

months. 
"         AARON    ANDREWS,     Lowell;     discharged    at    Relay 

House,  May  16,  1861. 
Musician,   FRANK    W.     GREENWOOD,   Lowell ;    Drum  Major, 

26th  Mass. 
"         LEWIS  A.  YOUNG,  Lowell ;   6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

PRIVATES. 

Julius  T.  Adams,  Lowell ;   Mass. 

Oren  L.  JBowker,  Lowell  ;  since  in  a  Maine  regiment. 
Frederic  A.  Barren,  Lowell  ;    2d  Sharpshooters,1  Mass. 
John  Bulmer,  Lowell  ;    Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 
Isaac  Chesley;  Lowell. 

1  The  Second  Massachusetts  Sharpshooters  were  attached  to  the  Mas 
sachusetts  Fifteenth  and  subsequently  to  the  Twentieth.  The  history  of 
those  regiments  includes  that  of  this  company. 


92          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

George  S.  Crocker,  Lowell;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Horace  T.  Durgin,  Lowell. 

George  W.  Dightman,  Lowell  ;  N.  H. 

Charles  F.  Emerson,  Lowell ;  Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 

John  Foss,  Lowell ;    since  in Mass. 

John  Frost,  Lowell ;    Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 

Joseph  Fields,  Lowell  ;   Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 

Frank  R.  Grout,  Lowell ;  Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 

Andrew  J.  Herrick,  Lowell ;  Co.  A,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  died 

November  30,  1863. 

Thomas  H.  Huntington,  Lowell ;  Co.  A,  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 
A.  J.  Howe,  Lowell. 

Winthrop  H.  Hall,  Lowell ;  Adj.  23d  Maine. 
William  H.  Higson,  Lowell. 

Gilb  rt  A.  Hood,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.1  H.  A.  or  1st  Mass.  Batt,  killed. 
James  F.  Hudson,  Lowell ;  Co.  D,  26th  Mass. 
Stephen  Homans,  Lowell  ;    33d  Mass.2 
Alfred  G.  Jones,  Lowell;  Sergt.  Co.  C,  27th  Mass.3 
William  H.  Luce,  Lowell. 
Joseph  Marshall,  Lowell;   Sergt.  Co.  G,  19th  Mass.4 

1  The  Second  Masssachusetts  Heavy  Artillery  left  for  the  seat  of  war  in 
the  beginning  of  1864,  and  was  distributed  along  the  coast  of  Virginia 
and  North  Carolina,  in  various  fortifications. 

2  The  Thirty-third  Massachusetts  left  the  state,  August  14,  1862,  and 
was  encamped  near  Washington  till  January,  1863.     It  has  taken  part  in 
the  battles  of  Gettysburg,  Chattanooga,  and  Lookout  Mountain,  and  has   a 
national  reputation. 

3  The  Twenty-seventh  Massachusetts  was  raised  in  the  western  part  of 
the  state,  and   was   mustered  September  20, 1861.    It  took  part  in  the 
principal  engagements  in  North  Carolina,  and  did  valiant  service. 

4  The  Nineteenth  Massachusetts   was  organized  at  Lynnfield,  and  left 
Massachusetts  under  Col.  Hinks,  August  28,  1861.     They  were  in  Ball's 
Bluff,  before  Richmond,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Get- 


THE  THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          93 

Charles  Miner,  Lowell  ;  in Mass. 

Robert  Motley,  Lowell  ;  Navy. 

Bradford  S.  Norton,  Lowell ;    Co.  A,  26th  Mass. 

Merrill  D.  Pevey,  Lowell  ;  1st  N.  H.  Batt. 

William  H.  Packard,  Lowell  ;  1st  Mass.  Sharpshooters.1 

Gordon  Reed,  Lowell ;  in Mass. 

J.  G.  Reed,  Lowell. 

Charles  H.  Richardson,  Lowell  ;   26th  Mass. 

Martin  Richards,  Lowell. 

Scott  Stewart,  Lowell ;  Mass,  killed. 

Warren  M.  Tuck,  Lowell  ;   re-enlisted  in 

James  M.  Torsey  ;    1st  Sergt.  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Henry  M.  Woodward  ;    Sergt.  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

COMPANY  B,  GROTON. 

Re-enlisted  as  a  company  in  the  same  regiment,  in  the  nine  months' 
and  one  hundred  days'  campaigns.     It  still  retains  its  organization. 

With  the  exception  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery,  Boston,  this  is  probably  the  oldest  military 
company  now  existing  in  the  state.  Amos  Farns worth, 
of  Groton,  was  commissioned  as  first  lieutenant  of  a 
company  of  artillery,  October  19,  1778,  to  be  attached 
to  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  Regiment.  It  had,  at  that 
time,  been  in  the  habit  of  meeting  for  drill  since  1775, 
and  was  commanded  by  Capt.  William  Swan.  Lieut. 
Farnsworth's  commission,  signed  by  fifteen  members  of  the 
Council  of  Massachusetts  Bay ,  is  here  printed  verbatim  :— 

tysburg,  and  other  great  battles,  in  all  of  which,  they  have  covered  them 
selves  with  glory. 

1The  First  Company  Sharpshooters  was  attached  to  the   Massachusetts 
Nineteenth,  and  shared  the  dangers  and  honors  of  that  regiment. 


94 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 


")  The  Major  part  of  the  Council  of 
State  of  Massachusetts,  v 

\  Massachusetts  Bay,  in  New  England, 

To  Amos  Farnsworth,  Gentleman,  Greet 
ing:      You   being  appointed   First  Lieu 
tenant  of  a  Company  of  Matrossep  Com- 
[SEAL.]  manded  by  William  Swan,  raised  in  the 

Sixth  Regiment  of  Militia,  in  the  County 
of  Middlesex,  whereof  Jonathan .  Reed, 
Esquire,  is  Colonel,  to  Rank  as  Captain  ; 
By  virtue  of  the  Power  vested  in  us,  We 

Jon.  Powell  do  by  these  Presents,  (reposing  Special 

Artemas  Ward  Trust  and   confidence  in  your   Loyalty, 

T  Gushing  Courage,  and  good  Conduct,)  Commission 

Benj  Austin  you    accordingly.       You    are    therefore 

H  Gardner  carefully  and  diligently  to  discharge  the 

J  Hopkins  Duty  of  a  first  Lieutenant,  in   Leading, 

Saml  Danielson  ordering,  and  exercising  said  Company  in 

N  Gushing  Arms,  both  Inferior  Officers  and  Soldiers, 

B.  White  and  to  keep  them  in  Good  Order  and  Dis- 

Danl  Davis  cipline,  and  they  are  hereby  commanded 

Oliver  Prescott  to  obey  you  as  their  first  Lieutenant,  and 

Oliver  Wendall  you  are  yourself  to  observe   and  follow 

A  S  Fuller  such  orders  and  instructions  as  you  shall 

E  Brooks  from   Time   to    Time    receive    from   the 

F  M.  Dana  Major  Part  of  the  Council,  or  your  Supe 

rior  Officers. 

Given  under  our  hands,  and  the  Seal  of  the  said  State,  at 
Boston,  the  nineteenth  day  of  October,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1778 

By  the  Command  of  the 


John  A  very      Dy  Secraty 


Major  part  of  the  Council. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          95 

This  company  has  been  well  known  to  the  people  of 
Middlesex  county,  for  three  generations,  as  the  "  GROTON 
ARTILLERY."  Until  the  rebellion  of  1861  broke  out,  it 
had  always  kept  two  brass  field-pieces  in  its  possession, 
at  its  head-quarters,  though  it  had,  at  the  same  time,  for 
many  years  done  duty  as  Company  B,  Sixth  Mass. 

In  the  war  of  1812,  it  was  stationed  on  Dorchester 
Heights,  commanded  by  William  Farnsworth.  It  has 
uniformly  been  ready  for  duty  for  almost  a  century. 
Some  years  after,  it  was  attached  to  the  Fifth  Regiment 
of  Artillery,  and  afterwards  it  was  returned  to  the  Sixth. 

I  have  been  able  to  obtain  the  following  among  the 
captains  and  lieutenants  previous  to  1861.  Unfortu 
nately,  the  books  of  this  ancient  company  were  lost  in 
Annapolis,  in  1861 :  — 

CAPTAINS. — James  Lewis,*  William  Farnsworth,*  William 
Dairy mple,*  Aaron  Brown,*  Jonathan  Pierce,*  P.  G.  Prescott 
(twice),  Sumner  Shattuck,*  Joel  Shattuck,  Albert  Shattuck, 
Andrew  Blood,*1  Andrew  Shattuck,  Charles  Prescott,  William 
Shattuck  (twice),  Bradford  Russell,*  Walter  Shattuck,  George 
Shattuck  (twice),  T.  S.  Farnsworth. 

LIEUTENANTS.  —  Most  of  the  above,  and  Charles  Blood, 
Charles  Woolley,  Rodney  D.  Cragin,  Ezekiel  Needham,  Asa  T. 
Whiting  (Pepperell),  William  P.  Taylor  (Pepperell),  Norman 
Kemp  (Dunstable),  Joseph  Fitch.2 

*  Deceased. 

1  Andrew  Blood  was  Lieut.-Colonel,  Third  Louisiana,  Dec.  5,  1862. 

2  These   names  are  recollected  and  furnished  me  by  Colonel  Walter 
Shattuck. 


96         THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

April  15,  1861,  late  in  the  day,  Capt.  Clark  re 
ceived  a  despatch  from  his  colonel,  to  report  for  duty 
the  next  morning,  at  seven  o'clock,  in  Lowell ;  and, 
though  the  members  were  scattered  through  eight  or 
ten  towns,  at  the  designated  time  the  company  was  on 
hand,  "  armed  and  equipped,  as  the  law  directs,"  and 
sustained  itself  nobly  in  the  part  assigned  it. 

Captain,  EUSEBIUS  S.  CLARK,  Groton  ;  Capt.  in  26th  Mass. ;  also 
Maj.  July  29,  1862;  wounded,  Shenandoah ;  died, 
Winchester,  Oct.  1864. 

1st  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  F.  SHATTUCK,  Groton;  promoted  to  1st 
Lieut.   May  2 ;  Capt.  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months, 
and  100  days. 
2d  Lieutenant,  SAMUEL  G.  BLOOD,  Groton  ;  1st  Lieut,  in  9  months' 

campaign,  6th  Mass.;  Ensign  in  Navy,  1864. 
Sergeant,  E.  DEXTER  SAWTEL,  Groton ;    2d  Lieut,  in  6th  Mass., 

9  months;  killed,  Jan.  30,  1863. 
"         WILLIAM   T.  CHILDS,  Groton  ;   Sergt.  in  6th  Mass.,  9 

months;  1st  Lieut,  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
"         WOOD  J.  BURGESS,  Groton. 
"        JOHN  S.  COOKE,  Groton  ;  1st  Lieut.  26th  Mass.,  3  years; 

also  Q.  M.  and  Capt.  in  same. 

"         JOSEPH  STEDMAN,  Medfield,  Capt.  and  Lieut.-Col.  in 
Mass.  42(1,*  9  months;    also  Lieut-Colonel    in  100 
days ;   now  a  physician  in  Roxbury. 
Corporal,  GEORGE  K.  CRAGIN,  Groton. 

"         ABBOTT  A.  SHATTUCK,    Groton;  1st  Lieut,   in    25th 
U.  S.  Colored  Reg. ;  also,  Capt.  in  the  same. 

1  The  Forty-second  Massachusetts  was  a  nine  months'  regiment,  organ 
ized  in  November,  18G2,  under  Col.  Burrill.  Its  career  was  a  very  event 
ful  one,  chiefly  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf. 


THE   THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         97 

Corporal,  JOSEPH  A.  BACON,  Groton ;  2d  Lieut.  9  months,  6th 

Mass. ;  also,  100  days,  6th  Mass.,  1864. 
"         CHARLES  H.  W.  HAYNES,  Groton;  3  years  in  llth 

U.  S.  Regulars. 
Musician,  EUGENE  A.  TURNER,  Groton. 

"         SOLOMON  STORY,  JR.,  Dunstable;  Musician  in   1st 
Mass.  Heavy  Art.1 

PRIVATES. 
Avander   N.   Blood,  Pepperell;    returned    with   the   music    by 

order  of  the  Mayor  of  Baltimore. 

Amos  L.  Ames,  Groton;  joined  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Theodore  Brigham,  Groton. 

John  N.  Brown,  Groton ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
George  V.  Barrett,  Shirley  ;    joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

1st  Lieut,  in Mass. 

D.  F.  Blighton,  New  York. 

Charles  F.  Cox,  Groton. 

Aaron    Carter,   Pepperell ;    joined   at    Relay   House,  May  20  ; 

26th  Mass;  killed  in  Shenandoah  Valley. 
Henry  A.  Dickson,  Groton ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20 ; 

Ord.  Sergt.  33d  Mass. 
Samuel  R.  Dickerman,  Pepperell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May 

20  ;  1st  Lieut,  in N.  H. 

George  A.  Fullick  Groton  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20;  26th 

Mass. ;  killed  in  Shenandoah  Valley. 

i  The  First  Massachusetts  Heavy  Artillery  was  raised  as  the  Fourteenth 
Infantry,  and  left  Massachusetts,  August  7,  1861.  It  remained  in  the  forts 
around  Washington  nearly  three  years,  with  the  exception  of  one  com 
pany,  which  was  in  the  Winchester  fight.  During  the  last  scenes  of  the 
war,  it  experienced  great  losses,  and  achieved  great  honor. 
7 


98          THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Benjamin  Ford,  Groton  ;  26th  Mass. 

Thomas  Gilson,  Groton  ;    Corp.  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;   in  U.  S. 

Signal  Corps. 
George  A.  Gleason,  Groton ;   joined  at   Relay  House,  May  20 ; 

26th  Mass;  reenlisted,  wounded,  and  died  in  Washington. 
Adams  J.  Hartwell,  Groton  ;  36th  Mass.  ;J  died  in  service. 
Timothy  W.  Heald,  Carlisle ;  Sharpshooters ;  wounded. 
Samuel  D.   Hoyt,   Groton  ;  joined   at  Relay    House,   May    20 ; 

2d  Lieut.  26th  Mass. 
Russell  O.  Houghton,  Lunenburg;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May 

20  ;  2d  and  1st  Lieut.  26th  Mass. 

Samuel  J.  Jaquith,  Groton ;  Q.  M.  Sergt.  —   -  N.  H.  Cav. 
George  D.  Jaquith,  Groton  ;  7th  N.  H. 
Frederick  A.  Jones,  Townsend ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

Mass.  26th. 

Edwin  H.  Knowlton,  Groton;  26th  Mass. 
Rufus  Livermore,   Groton ;  Lieut,  in  R.  I.  Cavalry. 
Charles  M.  Lovejoy,  Townsend  ;  joined  at   Relay  House,  May 

20  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  Corp. 
Benjamin  Mclntire,  Dorchester. 
Charles  E.  Moore,  Groton. 

Robert  Munroe,  Groton  ;  26th  Mass. ;  discharged  for  disability. 
Noah   J.    Moulton,  Groton  ;   joined  at  Relay   House,  May  20 ; 

26th  Mass. 
George  V.  Mansur,  Groton  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

in  Navy. 

Andrew  J.  Ockington,  Groton. 
William  H.  Priest,  Groton ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20 ;  in 

26th  Mass. ;  killed  in  service. 

1  The  Thirty-sixth  Massachusetts  entered  the  U.  S.  service  September, 
1862,  and  was  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  and  then  went  West,  and 
saw  Vicksburg  fall,  and  participated  in  the  glories  of,  the  Mississippi  cam 
paign.  It  has  suffered  incredible  hardships  and  privations. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          99 

Henry  J.  Parker,  Townsend;   joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

1st  Lieut.  33d  Mass. ;  killed,  May  15,  1864. 
John  Quigg,  Pepperell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
James  L.  R.  Russell,  Groton ;  26th  Mass. 
John  Reed,  Groton ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
James  E.  Richardson,  Winehendon  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May 

20. 

Wm.  E.  Sartell,  Pepperell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Josiah  F.  Sartell,  Pepperell;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

32d  Mass.1 

Geo.  H.  Stall,  Groton ;  Sergt.  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
John  R.  Shattuck,  Pepperell. 

Andrew  J.  Shattuck,  Pepperell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Henry  E.  Smith,  Groton  ;  Sergt.  33d  Mass. 
John  S.  Selden,  Pepperell. 
Ansel  A.   Stall,  Lunenburg  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20 ; 

Mass. ;  died  at  Washington. 

Geo.  N.  Spalding,  Townsend ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Daniel  M.  Sidlinger,  Townsend ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Alfred  A.  Tolman,  Boston. 
Henry  E.  Tozier,2  Groton  ;   Orderly  Sergt.  3  years,  8th  Maine  ; 

reenlisted  ;  became  Lieut.,  then  Capt. ;  and  shot  through  the 

heart,  Dec.,  1864. 

Benjamin  Thompson,  Groton  ;  26th  Mass. 
Wm.  H.  Tenney,  Groton. 

1  The  Thirty-second  Massachusetts  was  raised  on  the  basis  of  the  First 
Battalion  in  the  winter  of  1861-2.     It  was  before  Richmond,  at  Antietam, 
Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg. 

2  Rev.  J.  Eastwood,  Chaplain  of  the  Massachusetts  Universalist  Soldiers' 
Mission,  who  describes  his  last  moments,  characterizes  him  as  a  splendid 
•soldier,  and  a  noble  man.  His  last  words  were,  "  Boys,  take  off'  my  sabre: 
don't  let  it  fall  into  the  enemy's  hands !  " 


100       THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Stephen  W.  Wheeler,  Shirley  ;  26th  Mass. 

Salmon  Whitney,   Groton;    52d  Mass.1;    9  months;    died   after 

leaving  service. 
Franklin  Wilson,  Groton. 
Chas.  H.  Whitney,  Groton. 
Chas.  H.  Wright,  Pepperell. 

Henry  C.  Wynn,  Pepperell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Wm.  N.  Warren,  Pittston,  Me. ;  joined  at  Kelay  House,  May  20. 
Henry  F.  Whitcomb,  Groton  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 
Robert  F.  Webb,  Townsend  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20  ; 

Sergt. Mass. ;  killed. 

Ransom  C.  Watson,  Townsend  ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20. 

COMPANY  C,  LOWELL. 

Re-enlisted  in  the  same  regiment,  in  the  Nine  Months'  and  in  the 
Hundred  Days'  Campaign.     It  is  still  an  organized  company. 

The  old  MECHANIC  PHALANX,  one  of  the  most  cele 
brated  companies  in  the  State,  and  now  one  of  the  oldest, 
was  organized  in  Chelmsford,  now  Lowell,  February  16, 
1825,  in  answer  to  the  prayer  of  Isaac  Anthony  and 
others,  as  a  part  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Second  Brigade, 
and  Third  Division.  The  enlisting  papers  were  signed 
by  Col.  John  Baldwin,  of  Billerica.  The  original  mem 
bers  were  :  — 

1  The  Fifty-second  Massachusetts  was  recruited  in  Hampshire  and 
Franklin  counties,  and  proceeded  to  the  Gulf  Department  Nov.  19,  1862. 
It  completed  its  campaign  of  nine  months  at  Port  Hudson,  Baton  Bouge, 
and  the  other  famous  places  in  that  region ;  arid  was  the  first  regiment 
to  make  the  voyage  of  the  Mississippi  after  the  fall  of  Vicksburg  and  Port 
Hudson. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        101 

James  Derby,  Captain ;  Leonard  Mitchell,  Lieutenant ;  Thomas 
J.  Greenwood,  Ensign  ;  Sergeants  —  N.  S.  Ramsay,*  H.  S.  Smith, 
Thomas  Mayo,  Isaac  Anthony ;  Corporals  —  Daniel  Ferguson, 
Ezekiel  Merrill,  Nath'l  Currier,  Judson  W.  Rice ;  *  Musicians  — 
Luke  Holt,  John  T.  Spofford,  AVarren  Cudworth,*  Ephraim  An 
drews,1  W.  P.  Q.  Badger ;  Privates  —  Pardon  Derby ,Wm.  Davis,* 
Danford  Atherton,*  Abram  Van  Doom,  John  Houghton,  John 
Jewett,  Samuel  P.  Emerson,  Elisha  Bunce,  John  Abbott,  Samuel 
W.  Brown,*  John  P.  Emmes,  Hiram  Chase,  John  L.  Haines, 
Daniel  Hall,*  Albert  Griswold,  Luther  Anthony,  Geo.  W.  Hovey, 
Prentiss  Richardson,*  Richard  Bartlett,  Moses  Quinby,  J.  R.  Pur- 
rington,  Samuel  Tower,  John  Newman,  Paul  Hills,*  Carlton 
Reed,  Leander  P.  Cobb. 

The  officers  of  the  company  from  its  organization  to 
the  year  1861  were :  — 

Captains  —  James  Derby,  T.  J.  Greenwood,  Daniel  Ferguson, 
*  N.  S.  Ramsay,  *  Hiram  Cobbett,  Jona.  Kendall,  *  James  Dennis, 
O.  W.  Bailey,  *  Timothy  G.  Tweed,  James  M.  Varnum,  J.  G. 
Peabody,  *  I.  W.  Beard,  Chas.  Stanley,  J.  L.  Huntress,  T.  G. 
Farmer,  A.  W.  Adams,  Ephraim  Hartwell,  V.  Garson,  J.  G. 
Chase,  E.  Stackpole,  A.  S.  Follansbee.  Lieutenants  —  Wm.  Mil 
ler,  and  most  of  the  foregoing ;  Wm.  H.  Oliver,  J.  Brooks  Brad 
ley,  J.  J.  Dana,  J.  J.  Burgess,  Leonard  Brown,  John  Billings, 
J.  M.  Dodge,  David  Emerson,  Joseph  Stevens,  W.  H.  Clemence, 
Samuel  Bentley,  G.  H.  Pearsons,  H.  K.  Barnard,  A.  R.  Brown, 
C.  S.  Hopkins,  Reuben  Frye,  J.  R.  Melvin,  J.  L.  Rollins,  J.  B. 
Kimball,  John  McCarty,  Sumner  Hylan,  John  Mack,  Thos.  D. 
Bradley,  S.  D.  Shipley,  J.  W.  Hadley. 

*  Deceased. 

1  Mr.  Andrews  was  drum  major  "  off  and  on"  for  some  thirty  years. 


102        THE   THREE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

The  Phalanx  received  orders  at  8  o'clock,  p.  M.,  April 
15,  and  reached  Boston  the  next  day  at  noon,  and  pro 
ceeded  with  the  rest  of  the  regiment  to  Baltimore. 

ROSTER. 

Captain,  A.  S.  FOLLANSBEE,  Lowell ;  Col.  of  6th  Mass.,  9  months, 

in  1862-3,  and  also  100  days  in  1864. 
First  Lieutenant,   SAMUEL   D.    SHIPLEY,   Lowell.     (1st  Lieut 

GEORGE  II.  PIERSON,*  of  Dracut,  discharged,  April 

22,1862.)     Capt.    Co.    C.,  30th   Mass.;  also   May 

30th.2 
Second  Lieutenant,  JOHN  C.  JEPSON,  Lowell ;  Captain  Co.  C,  6th. 

Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 
Sergeant,  JOHN  W.  HADLEY,  Lowell ;  1st  Lieut,  in  Co.  C,  6th 

Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 
"        BRENT  JOHNSTON,   Jr.,  Lowell ;  Capt.    Co.   F,  Mass. 

30th ;  wounded    in    Shenandoah  Valley,  October, 

1864. 
"        IRA  STICKNEY,  Lowell ;    Sergt.  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  100 

days  in  1865  ;  7th  Mass.  Batt.3 

1  G.  H.  Pearson  went  out  as  First  Lieutenant,  but  declined  to  be  sworn 
into  the  service,  and  returned  home. 

2  The  Massachusetts  Thirtieth  was  organized  Dec.  31,  1861,  and  had  an 
eventful  campaign  in  the  vicinity  of  New  Orleans,  contributing  largely  to 
the  work  of  regenerating  Louisiana.    It  was  engaged  in  the  principal  bat 
tles  of  the  Lower  Mississippi. 

3  The  Seventh  Battery  left  Boston  May  22,  1861,  among  the  first  of  the 
three  years'  men,  under  command  of  Capt.  Phineas  A.  Davis.      It  was 
stationed  in  South-eastern  Virginia  some  two  years,  at  Fortress  Monroe  and 
Suffolk,  where  it  did  excellent  service.    It  was  stationed  a  short  time  in 
New  York,  during  the  riots,  and  spent  its  last  few  months  in  New  Orleans. 
The  writer  of  this  sketch  saw  it  under  trying  circumstances,  and  can  tes 
tify  to  its  valor  and  efficiency. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        103 

Sergeant,  THOS.  O.  ALLEN,  Lowell;  Adjutant  6th  Mass.,  9  months; 

and  Major  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Corporal,  JOHN  H.  LAKIN,  Lowell;  Sergt.  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  9 

months,  1862-3. 
"         ISAAC  N.  MARSHALL,  Lowell ;   2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  6th 

Mass.,  9  months,  1832-3. 
"         CHARLES  H.  ARLIN,  Lowell. 
"        RICHARD  A.  ELLIOTT,  Lowell ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  30th 

Mass. ;  transferred  to  2d  Louisiana  as  Adjutant. 
Musician,  ANDREW  J.  BURBANK  ;    Corp.  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  9 
months,  1862-3. 

"         JOSEPH  J.  DONAHUE  ;  Lieut,  in N.  H. ;  Adjutant 

10th  N.  H. 

PRIVATES. 

John  Arlin,  Lowell;  joined  the  company  in  Boston,  April  16  ; 
7th  Mass.  Batt. 

Seth  Bonney,  Lowell ;  Lieut,  and  Capt.  26th  Mass.,  3  years ;  re- 
enlisted. 

George  W.  Barnard,  Lowell. 

Tristram  Barnard,  Lowell ;  joined  after  the  company  arrived 
in  Washington. 

Theron  A.  Bryant,  Lowell. 

Andrew  W.  Bartlett,  Lowell ;  1st  Mass.  Cav.  ;*  wounded  at  Olus- 
tee,  Fla.,  died  Beaufort,  S.  C. 

Thomas  Burns,  Lowell ;  in Mass. 

Frank  Calvert,  Montgomery,  Ala. ;  reached  and  joined  the  com 
pany  May  16,  having  abandoned  business  and  property  for 
that  patriotic  purpose. 

1  The  First  Mass.  Cavalry  was  organized  in  September,  1861,  and  the 
different  battalions  of  this  —  "  the  eyes  of  the  army  "  —  have  fought  in 
Maryland,  South  Carolina,  Virginia,  Gettysburg,  Florida,  and  wherever 
there  has  been  any  considerable  fighting;  and  has  always  proved  itself  a 
noble  corps. 


104        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Jeremiah  Crowlcy,  Lowell. 

Edwin  R.  Clark,  Lowell ;  returned  from  New  York,  sick ;  Capt. 

Co.  B,  30th  Mass. 

George  A.  Coburn,  Dracut;  in  7th  Mass.  Battery. 
Erastus  Dennett,  Lowell ;  Sergt.,  Co.  D,  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Charles  W.  Doming,  Lowell  ;  Colonel's  Clerk. 
Josiah  E.  Flanders,  Lowell  ;  13th  N.  H. 
George  D.  Fairbanks,  Lowell. 

Charles  E.  Fitzpatrick,  Billerica ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  June  3d. 
Albert  George,  Lowell ;  3d  Mass.  Batt.1 ;  2d  Lieut.  1st  Mass.  H.  A. ; 

re-enlisted  in  the  same. 

Reuel  Greenleaf,  Lowell;  Corp.  Co.  C,  Mass.  30th;  killed,  La. ; 
Benj.   F.    Goddard,  Lowell  ;    1st   Sergt.    9   months,   6th   Mass. ; 

Capt.  Co.  C,  Gth  Mass.  100  days. 
Daniel  W.  Gray,  Lowell ;  1st  N.  H.  Battery. 
Amaziah  N.  Goodwin,  Lowell ;  Lieut.  9th  Maine ;   killed. 
Moses  Harmon,  Lowell  ;  15th  Mass.  Battery.2 
Frank  C.  Horn,  Lowell. 
Thomas  B.  Johnson,  Lowell  ;   joined  at  Relay  House,  May  27  ; 

Lieut.  30th  Mass.;  wounded,  Shenandoah,  October,  1864. 
William  C.  Kent,  Lowell ;  in  Berdan's  Sharpshooters. 
Charles  P.  Lord,  Lowell ;  Lieut.  8th  Maine. 
Martin  V.  B.  Libbey,  Lowell. 
George  Lawrence,  Boston  ;  13th  N.  H. 
Angus  McKenzie,  Lowell ;  Corp.  Co.  F,  Mass.  33d ;   died  in  the 

service. 
Wm.  B.  McCurdy,  Lowell ;   Sergt.  6th  Mass.,  Co.  C,  9  months 

1st  Lieut.  100  days. 

1  The  Third  Mass.  Battery's  history  is  the  honorable  history  of  the  Ar 
my  of  the  Potomac  from  October,  1861,  till  October,  1864.   Its  three  years 
were  most  eventful. 

2  The  Fifteenth  Light  Battery  was  mustered  Feb.  17,  18G3,  and  was  sta 
tioned  in  the  Gulf  Department.    It  was  commanded  by  Capt.  T.  Pearson. 


THE    THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         105 

Joseph  Mansur,  Lowell ;  joined  at  Relay  House,  June  1st. 

Baldwin  T.  Peabody,  Lowell  ;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  G,  33d  Mass.  ;  dis 
charged,  March,  1863. 

TVm.  H.  Phelan,  Lowell. 

Dudley  M.  Prescott,  Lowell ;  Capt.  Mass.  33d. 

Henry  H.  Pearsons,  Bloom ington,  111. ;  joined  at  Washington, 
April  22d  ;  Capt.  and  Col.  —.  N.  H. ;  killed. 

Edward  C.  Rice,  Lowell. 

Geo.  TV.  Swain,  Lowell ;  Corp.  in  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  9  months  ; 
died  Dec.  24,  1862. 

Eniilius  Stackpole,  Lowell  ;  died  after  leaving  service. 

Charles  B.  Stinson,  Lowell ;  wounded  in  Baltimore  (nose  broken)  ; 
and  discharged  May  9th ;  Sergt.  Mass.  30th  ;  discharged ;  4th 
Mass.  H.  A.1 

Joseph  F.  Tebbetts,  Lowell ;  Sergt.,  33d  Mass. ;  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps. 

Alexander  Wilson,  Dracut. 

Merrill  S.  Wright,  Lowell;  joined  April  28,  in  Washington  ;  de 
tailed  to  convey  killed  to  Boston.  * 

James  L.  Williams,  Tewksbury  ;  joined,  Washington,  April  28  ; 
reentered  the  service,  Mass.  33d. 

COMPANY  D,  LOWELL. 

The  City  Guards  was  organized  Sept.  21,  1841.  It 
has  served  through  the  three  campaigns,  and  still  holds  its 
organization.  Its  Captains  have  been  Edward  Beal, 
Abijah  Watson,  James  Townsend,  Benj.  F.  Butler,2 

1  The  Fourth  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery  was  raised  during  the  very  last  of 
the  war,  and  is  still  in  the  service. 

2  The  name  of  Benj.  F.  Butler  appears  on  the  roster  of  the  company,  and 
on  that  of  the  regiment,  in  each  grade  up  to  that  of  Colonel.    It  has  since 
been  indelibly  written  on  the  pages  of  the  country's  history. 


106        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Geo.  F.  Sawtelle,  Swan  L.  Lesure,  Samuel  Lawrence, 
Benson  Hazleton,  Ezekiel  Eastman,  R.  B.  Cavevly,  A.  S. 
Follansbee,1  J.  W.  Hart. 

Lieutenants.  —  Most  of  the  above,  and  E.  Messinger, 
James  L.  Huntress,  Francis  Bowers,  S.  J.  Varney,  M. 
N.  Home,  Benj.  P.  Twiss,  S.  S.  Stacy,  Henry  A.  Sar 
gent,  John  E.  Ames,  James  S.  Coleman,  Wm.  H.  Lam- 
son,2  Nath'l  P.  Melvin,  James  T.  Lancaster,  Chas.  H. 
Arlin,  Wm.  F.  Persons,  Andrew  C.  Wright,  Andrew  J. 
Johnson,  Chas.  F.  Williamson,  Levi  Stiles,  Levi  Wood: 
bridge,  D.  H.  Gordon,  E.  Simonds,  C.  J.  Shackford, 
Timothy  Pearson,3  Stillman  Bushee. 

Co.  D  was  equally  zealous  with  the  other  Lowell  com 
panies,  and  suffered  most  severely  of  all,  as  it  was  on  the 
extreme  left  of  the  column,  when  attacked. 

ROSTER. 

Captain,  JAMES  W.  HART,  Lowell;  Capt  Co.  D,  6th  Mass.,  9 
months;  Capt.  also  Co.  D,  100  days. 

First  Lieutenant,  CHARLES  E.  JONES,  Lowell ;  Capt  Co.  G,  Mass. 
33d ;  discharged,  March  28th,  1863. 

Third  Lieutenant,  SAMUEL  C.  PINNEY,  Lowell;  1st  Lieut.  Co. 
D,  9  months,  (6th  Mass.)  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D,  100  days, 

Fourth  Lieutenant,  LLEWELLYN  L.  CRAIG,  Lowell. 

1  Captain  of  Co.  C,  and  afterwards  Colonel  of  the  Sixth. 

2  Lieutenant  in  Twenty-sixth  Massachusetts,  and  Major  Thirty-third 
Massachusetts. 

3  Timothy  Pearson  was  Captain  of  the  Fifteenth  Massachusetts  Battery, 
raised  in  1863. 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.         107 

Sergeant,  WILLIAM  H.  LAMSON,  Lowell;  wounded  in  Baltimore, 

eye  and  head,  paving  stones ;    Co.  D,  26th  Mass., 

1st  Lieut.;    33d    Mass.  Major;    discharged   March 

8th,  1864. 
"        JOHN  E.  EAMES,  Lowell ;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  and 

returned  home ;  died  after  leaving  service. 
"        FRANK  L.  SANBORN,  Lowell ;  26th  Mass.,  discharged. 
"        WM.  P.  CUMMINGS,  Lowell;  Sergt.  9  months,  Co.  D, 

6th  Mass. 

"        JOHN  H.  GILMORE,  Lowell. 
Corporal,  ARTHUR  J.  WITHEY,  Lowell ;  33d  Mass. 

"        AMORY    W.    WEBBER,    Lowell;    Co.    L,    3d    Mass. 

Cavalry.1 
"        WINSLOW   A.   DODGE,   Lowell;    Sergt.   Co.   G,   33d 

Mass. ;  discharged. 

"        JOSEPH  L.  WOOD,  Lowell ;    Corp.  1st  Sharpshooters. 
Musician,  CHARLES  H.  EDMONDS,  Lowell. 

PRIVATES. 

George    Alexander,   Lowell;    wounded   April    19th,   Baltimore, 

head,  brick;  Co.  D,  Mass.  30th. 

William  H.  Bickford,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  26th  Mass. ;  died  in  service. 
John  R.  Chamberlain.  Lowell ;  Co.  A,  Mass.  26th  ;  discharged. 
James  Conroy,  Lowell ;  in  Navy. 
Chas.  Chandler,  Cambridge  ;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  19th, 

head,  brick;  Co.  G,  Mass.  33d;  in  Navy  ;  in  H.  A. 

Simeon  Chandler,  Lowell ;  in  Mass. ;  discharged. 

Edmund  Colburn,  Dracut ;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April   19th; 

Mass.  33d. 

1  The  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  left  the  State,  as  the  Forty-First 
Infantry,  in  November,  1862.  In  June,  1863,  it  became  a  cavalry  regi 
ment,  and  has  performed  extraordinary  service  in  the  Gulf  Department. 


108        THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Martin  Davis,  Dracut ;  Wagoner,  Co.  G,  Mass.  33d. 

Horace  R.  Finn,  Lowell. 

Frederic  W.  Glover,  Groton. 

"\Vm.  P,  Gilmore,  Lowell ;   3d  Mass.  Cav. ;  discharged. 

Wm.  B.  Gass,  Dracut ;  Co.  D,  Mass.  26th. 

Henry  L.  Huckins,  Tewksbury  ;  Co.  G,  Mass.  33d. 

Aldis  B.  Harvey,  Lowell. 

Daniel  A.  Ham,  Lowell. 

John  A.  Jacks,  Lowell ;  7th  Mass.  Battery,  discharged. 

Alonzo  Kincaid,  Lowell. 

Geo.  W.  Lovrein,  Lowell;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April   19th; 

Co.  D,  Mass.  26th. 

Luther  C.  Ladd,  Lowell ;  killed  in  Baltimore,  April  19th. 
Hiram  C.  Muzzey,  Lowell ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ; 

2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  100  days  ;  Frontier  Cavalry.1 
Robert  Marshall,  Lowell ;  Co.  G,  Mass.  19th,  Vet.  Res.  Corps. 
Hugh  F.  Mehill,  Lowell ;  Lieut.  Mass.  II.  A. 
Ira  W.  Moore,  Lowell;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  19th,  left 

arm,  brick;   Sergt.  Co.  B,  30th   Mass.;   died   after  leaving 

service. 

Joseph  B.  Peaks,  Lowell ;  in Maine  Reg. 

Wm.  R.  Patch,  Chelmsford;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  19. 

Andrew  S.  Peterson,  Lowell ;  26th  Mass. 

John  B.  Rushworth,  Lowell ;  Co.  F,  33d  Mass. ;   died  1864. 

Henry  A.  Sinclair,  Lowell ;  Serg.  Co.  G,  33d  Mass. 

James  M.  Sanborn,  Lowell ;    Corp.  Co.  D,  6th  Mass.  100  days; 

Frontier  Cavalry. 

Wm.  H.  H.  Sunderlm,  Lowell ;  died  1861. 

David    C.    Stevens,   Lowell ;   wounded    in    Baltimore ;    Co.    A, 
,  Mass.  26th. 

1  The  Frontier  Cavalry  was  raised  in  expectation  of  troubles  on  the  Can 
adian  frontier.     It  performed  a  great  deal  of  provost  duty. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        109 

Chas.  I.  Taylor,  Lowell ;  3d  Mass.  Cavalry  ;  discharged. 

Clias.  W.  Taylor,  Lowell. 

Edward  Taylor,  Lowell ;  26th  Mass. 

Chas.  A.  Taylor,  Boston ;  killed  and  buried  in  Baltimore,  April 

19th,  1861. 
Daniel  B.  Tyler,  Lowell;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  1G,  1861 ; 

Co.  M,  1st  Mass.  Cavalry  ;  discharged. 
James  O.  Winn,  Lowell ;    Co.  H,  26th  Mass. 
Addison  O.Whitney,  Lowell;   killed  in  Baltimore,  April  19th, 

1861. 
Wm.  G.  Withington,  Lowell;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  19, 

1861 ;  Corp.  Co.  C,  30th  Mass. 

COMPANY  E,  ACTON. 

Re-enlisted  in  the  Nine  Months'  and  One  Hundred  Days'  Cam 
paigns,  still  an  organized  company. 

The  DAVIS  GUARDS,  named  in  honor  of  Captain  Isaac 
Davis,  who  fell  at  Concord  Bridge,  in  1775,  was  or 
ganized  April  19th,  1851.  The  members  of  the  com 
pany  were  scattered  over  a  wide  area  of  territory ;  but 
the  night  was  devoted  to  transmitting  the  call  to  arms  ; 
and  at  4  o'clock,  at  the  ringing  of  bells,  the  company 
assembled  to  the  number  of  forty.  The  day  was  stormy  ; 
and  through  the  rain,  after  a  sad  parting  with  friends, 
the  Guards  started  for  Lowell,  reaching  that  city  at  7, 
A.  M.  Few  in  numbers,  the  company  was  always 
prompt  and  efficient,  and  did  honor  to  the  name  it  bears. 

The  commissioned  officers,  since  the  organization  and 
previous  to  1861,  are  as  follows  : 


110          THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Captains. — Winthrop  E.  Faulkner,  Daniel  Jones, 
Rufus  Holden,  Moses  Taylor,  Daniel  Tattle  (twice),  A. 

C.  Handle y  (twice). 

Lieutenants.  —  All  who  were  captains  except  Faulk 
ner  ;  and  Wm.  R.  Lothro'p,  Cyrus  Noyes,  Wm.  F.  Wood, 
James  E.  Harris,  Abraham  H.  Jones,  Luke  Smith,  John 

D.  Moulton,  Henry  Robinson. 

ROSTER. 

Captain,  DANIEL  TUTTLE,  Acton. 

First  Lieutenant,  WM.  H.  CHAPMAN,  Acton  ;  Captain  Co.  E,  26th 

Mass.,  3  years ;  Major  and  Lieut.  Col.  26th  Mass. ; 

wounded  at  Winchester,  Sept.  19th,  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  GEO.  W.  RAND,  Acton ;  2d  Lieut.  6th  Mass., 

Co.  E,  9  months. 
Third  Lieutenant,  SILAS  P.  BLODGETT,  Acton;   2d  and  1st  Lieut. 

26th  Mass.,  Co.  E,  3  years. 
Fourth  Lieutenant,  AARON  L.  FLETCHER,  Acton;  1st  Lieut.  6th 

Mass.,  Co.  E,  9  months. 
Sergeant,  LUKE  SMITH,  Acton  ;  in  26th  Mass.,  Co.  E;  discharged, 

disability;  6th  Mass.  100  days,  1864. 
"        GEO.  W.  KNIGHT,  Acton  ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  E,  6th  Mass., 

9  months;  1st  Lieut.  100  days. 
"        HENRY  W.  WILDER,  Stow;  26th  Mass.,  Co.  E;  killed 

Sept.  19th,  1864. 
"        GRANVILLE  W.  WILDER,  Stow;  26th  Mass.,  Co.  E. 

discharged,  disability;  5th  Mass.,1  100  days,  1864. 
Corporal,  CHARLES  JONES,  Acton. 

1  The  Fifth  Massachusetts  recruited  for  a  hundred  days,  in  the  fall  of 
1864. 


THE    THREE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        Ill 

Corporal,  JOHN  F.  BLOOD,  JR.,  Acton;  26th  Mass.,  Co.  E  ;  dis 
charged,  disability. 

"        LUKE  J.  ROBBINS,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass.,  Co.  E,  3  years. 

"        LEVI  ROBBINS,  Acton ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Musician^  GEO.  F.  CAMPBELL,  Acton;  Lieut.  118th  N.  Y.  Yols. 

"        GEORGE  RUSSEE,  Baltimore,  Md. ;  20th  Mass.1 

PRIVATES. 

George  Blood,  Acton  ;  2d  Mass. 

John  Brown,  Stow ;  Sergt.  23th  Mass. ;  wounded,  Sept.  19th,  died, 
Dec.  1864  ;  buried  in  Acton. 

Henry  L.  Bray,  Acton;  Co.  E,  6th  Mass.,  9  months;  Musician 
Maine. 

Charles  Brooks,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years;  re-enlisted. 

Edward  D.  Battles,  Littleton. 

James  L.  Durant,  Littleton. 

Aaron  J.  Fletcher,  Acton ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years  ;  re-enlisted. 

Abel  Farran,  Acton  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Henry  Gilson,  Acton. 

Nathan  Goss,  Acton;  26th  Mass.,  3  years;  re-enlisted. 

Wm.  H.  Gray,  Acton  ;  appointed  Hos.  Stew.  May  7th ;  1st  U.  S. 
Cavalry. 

Gilman  S.  Hosmer,  Acton;  26th  Mass.,  3  years;  wounded  in  bat 
tle,  Oct.  19,  1864;  re-enlisted. 

Wm.  S.  Handley,  Acton ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years ;  re-enlisted. 

Charles  Handley,  Acton ;  accidentally  shot  while  hunting,  Jan'y 
29,  1862. 

1  The  Twentieth  Massachusetts  left  for  the  seat  of  war  Sept.  4th,  1861, 
under  command  of  Col.  Wm.  Raymond,  and  was  at  Ball's  Bluff,  before 
Richmond,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  the  Wilderness,  and 
constantly  in  active  service  when  any  was  being  performed,  never  failed 
to  honor  itself  and  the  Commonwealth. 


112        THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

George  Jones,  Acton  ;  Co.  E,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Waldo  Littlefield,  Boxboro'. 

Henry  W.  Lazell,  Acton ;  2Gth  Mass. ;  died  of  disease,  in  New 
Orleans. 

James  Moulton,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass. ;  re-enlisted. 

Charles  II.  Moulton,  Acton  ;  38th  Mass.1 ;  died  of  disease,  in  Ac 
ton,  Dec.  26,  1864. 

Charles  Morse,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass. ;  re-enlisted. 

John  Putnam,  Acton ;  26th  Mass. ;  died  in  Acton,  Dec.  23, 
1864. 

Varnum  F.  Robbins,  Acton  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

William  Reed,  Acton ;  Co.  E,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Wm.  B.  Reed,  Acton;  26th  Mass.;  died  in  New  Orleans  in 
1864. 

Chas.  W.  Reed,  Littleton  ;  -   —  Mass. 

Geo.  A.  Reed,  Littleton  ;   26th  Mass.,  3  years  ;  re-enlisted. 

Luke  J.  Robbins,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years. 

Ephraim  A.  Smith,  Acton ;  26th  Mass. ;  discharged,  disability. 

And.  J.  Sawyer,  Acton;  6th  Mass.  9  months;  and  100  days,  1864. 

Edwin  Tarbell,  Acton ;  appointed  Assist.  Com.,  May  17;  26th 
Mass.,  3  years. 

John  Whitney,  Quincy. 

Wm.  F.  B.  Whitney,  Acton  ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years  ;  re-enlisted. 

Eben  F.  Wood,  Acton;  navy,  1  year;  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Samuel  Wilson,  Acton. 

Hiram  Wheeler,  Acton. 

John  Wayne,  Acton ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years ;  re-enlisted. 

John  II.  P.  White,  Acton;  2d  and  1st  Lieut.  26th  Mass.;  died 
July  10,  1863,  in  New  Orleans. 

1  The  Thirty-eighth  Massachusetts  left  the  Commonwealth  September 
24,  1862,  and  was  actively  engaged  in  the  Lower  Mississippi  campaigns 
and  Shenandoah  Valley,  and  has  made  a  brilliant  record. 


THE    THREE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        113 

COMPANY  F,  LAWRENCE. 

Consolidated  with  Company  /,  in  the  same  regiment,  in  the  Nine 
Months'  Campaign. 

The  "  WARREN  LIGHT  GUARD  "  was  organized  March 
3d,  1855,  and  was  named  in  honor  of  General  Joseph 
Warren.  The  Lawrence  companies  received  their  orders 
on  the  15th,  and  with  great  ardor  proceeded  to  perform 
their  duty.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  16th,  they 
were  ready  to  march  to  Lowall.  Thousands  of  their 
friends  and  fellow-citizens  thronged  to  bid  them  adieu, 
amid  the  most  intense  excitement ;  and  they  were 
received  in  Lowell  with  the  wildest  enthusiasm,  and 
proceeded  with  the  Lowell  companies  to  Boston,  and  so 
on  to  the  scene  of  strife. 

The  commissioned  officers  of  this  company  from  its 
organization  to  1861,  and  to  its  consolidation  with  Com 
pany  I  in  1862,  were  as  follows : 

Captains.  —  Jeffard  M.  Decker  was  Colonel  of  the  Tenth  Mas 
sachusetts  in  1858;  Lieut-Colonel  when  the  Tenth  volunteered  for 
three  years,  and  served  eleven  months  ;  resigned  in  ill  health,  and 
was  Adjutant  of  the  Fifty-second  Massachusetts  nine  months.  J.  D. 
Drew  served  as  Captain  in  the  First  New  Hampshire  during  the 
'61  campaign  of  three  months  ;  also  Major  and  Lieut-Colonel,  New 
Hampshire  Fourth,  for  three  years.  L.  Bradley,  B.  T.  Durgin, 
B.  F.  Chadbourne,  Melvin  Beal.  Jerome  Cross  was  Captain 
when  the  company  was  consolidated  with  Company  I. 

Lieutenants.  —  Most  of  the  above  ;  and  Ira  Hoford,  Franklin 
Grant,  D.  S.  Yeaton,1  Thos.  J.  Cate,1  Jesse  C.  Silver,  Andrew  J. 

1  Served  in  the  war  of  1861-' 65. 


114       THE   THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Butterfield,  and  Charles  Stone.     Lieut.    Stone  has   since  been 
Lieutenant  and  Captain  in  the  Fortieth  Massachusetts. 

COMPANY    ROSTER. 

Captain,  BENJ.  F.  CHADBOURNE,  Lawrence ;  resigned  May  4, 

1861. 
Second   Lieutenant,  MELVIN   BEAL,   Lawrence;  elected    Capt. 

May  6  ;  Lieut.-Col.  6th  Mass.,  9  months;  and  100 

days. 
Third  Lieutenant,   THOMAS   J.   GATE/  Lawrence ;    elected  2d 

Lieut,  May  6;   1st  Lieut.  16th  U.  S.  Regulars; 

now  1st  Lieut,  in Col.  Inf. 

Fourth  Lieutenant,  JESSE   C.   SILVER,   Lawrence  ;  elected   3d 

Lieut.  May  6. 
Sergeant,  ANDREW  J.  BUTTERFIELD,  Lawrence  ;    Co.  K,  6th 

Mass.,  9  months. 

"         CHAS.  B.  FOSTER,  Lawrence  ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Art. 
"         CHAS.  E.  DREW,  Lawrence ;  1st  Lieut.  26th  Mass. 
"        W.  MARLAND,  Andover ;  1st  Lieut,  in  Nims's  Battery.2 
Corporal,  GILBERT  P.  CONVERSE,  Lawrence. 

"         SURRILL  FLINT,  Lawrence ;  Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  mos. 
"         THOMAS  C.  AMES,  Lawrence  ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artil 
lery  ;  killed  June  16,  1864. 

i  Lieutenant  Gate  built  the  first  army  ovens,  eight  in  number,  in  the 
basement  of  the  Capitol.  They  were  very  busy  during  the  first  of  the  war 
in  manufacturing  the  staff  of  life.  Lieutenant  C.  has  since  been  detailed 
at  different  posts,  to  the  same  valuable  service. 

sNims's  Battery  [Second  Massachusetts]  entered  the  service  July  31, 
1861,  and,  after  a  few  months  at  Fortress  Monroe,  debarked  for  the  Gulf 
Department,  April  19,  1862.  They  took  part  in  the  bombardment  of 
Vicksburg,  and  in  the  battles  of  Baton  Rouge,  Brashear  City,  and  other 
affairs  in  that  locality.  It  hns  nn  enviable  name. 


THE   THTCEE   MONT  PIS'    CAMPAIGN.        115 

Corporal,  JAMES  A.  TROY,  Methuen ;    2d  and  1st  Lieut.  26th 

Mass.,  3  years. 
Musician,  JUSTIN  H.  KENT,  Lawrence;   3d  Mass.   Cavalry,  3 

years. 
"         WESTLEY  W.  KNOWLTON,   Lawrence; N.  H. 

Cavalry. 

PRIVATES. 

A.  Allen,  Lawrence. 

Henry  Beal,  Lawrence  ;  2d  District  of  Columbia  Regiment. 

Geo.  F.  Bailey,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Augustus  Burrill,  Lawrence  ;  26th  Mass. 

William  A.  Bailey,  Lawrence ;  3d  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Chas.  F.  Belcher,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Romanzo  C.  Bailey,  Lawrence  ; Penn. 

Chas.  H.  Cummings,  Lawrence. 

Wm.  S.  Carter,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Thos.  H.  Cooper,  Manchester,  N.  H. ;  30th  Mass. 

Micajah  S.  Cole,  Manchester,  N.  H. ;  in N.  H. 

Willard  Chaffin,  Lawrence  ;  Mass.  Battery. 

Oliver  W.  Chowdrey,  Lawrence  ;  26th  Mass. 

Albert  L.  Dame,  Methuen  ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Lawrence  N.  Ducheney,  Lawrence;  1st  Lieut.  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

prisoner;  Capt.  Mass.  Battalion,  26th  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 
Wm.  M.  Doil,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Wm.  H.  Dyer,  Lawrence. 
Lyman  V.  B.  Furber,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry ;  discharged  ; 

died. 
Wm.  K.  Foster,  Lawrence ;  in  Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  in  llth 

Unattached  Heavy  Artillery. 
Chas.  E.  Greenlaw,  Lawrence ;  in  Co.  H,  4th  Mass.*  9  months. 

4  The  Fourth  Massachusetts  was  recruited  at  Camp  Joe  Hooker  for  nine 
months,  and  sailed  for  the  Department  of  the  Gulf  December  27, 1862,  and 
arrived  February  13 ;  a  part  of  the  regiment  having  been  on  shipboard 


116        THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Enos  T.  Hill,  Lawrence;  died  1865. 

Frank  Hinman,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry ;  killed  at  Aldie. 

Amos  G.  Jones,  Methuen ;  26th  Mass.,  3  years ;  re-enlisted. 

Josiah  N.  Jones,  Lawrence  ;  Capt.  6th  N.  H. 

Frank  Kent,  Lawrence ;  4th  N.  H. 

Geo.  A.  Kent,  Lawrence;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Geo.  P.  Leighton,  Lawrence. 

Geo.  W.  Littlefield,  Amesbury ;  3d  Mass.  Cavalry ;  killed. 

Chas.  G.  Merrill,  Lawrence. 

Frank  H.Merrill,  Lawrence;  40th  Mass.  May  16,  1864;  killed. 

John  A.  Mills,  Lawrence. 

Geo.  W.  Morgan,  Lawrence  ;  3d  Mass.  Cavalry ;  killed. 

Benj.  G.  Morse,  Lawrence  ;  12th  Mass.1 ;  transferred  to  39th  Mass.2 

James  A.  Morse,  Lawrence. 

Wm.  I.  Patterson,  Lawrence  ;  25th  Mass.3 ;  discharged,  disability  ; 

in  Co.  I,   6th  Mass.  9  months;  in  llth  Unattached  Heavy 

Artillery. 

T.  Morton  Richardson,  Lawrence. 
Frank  Russell,  Lawrence. 

forty-seven  days.  It  bore  a  conspicuous  and  important  part  in  the  siege 
of  Port  Hudson,  and  other  engagements.  It  was  one  of  the  first  regiments 
to  enter  the  fort  at  Port  Hudson ;  and  after  gallant  and  efficient  service 
having  been  on  duty  more  than  two  months  over  its  time,  it  arrived  home 
August  17. 

1  The  Twelfth  Massachusetts  was  raised  by  Fletcher  Webster  in  the 
summer  of  1861,  and  commanded  by  him  till  he  was  killed,  Aug.  30,  1862. 
It  fought  at  Cedar  Mountain,  the  second  Bull  Kun,  Antietum,  Fredericks- 
burg,  the  Wilderness,  and  Gettysburg. 

2  The  Thirty-Ninth  Massachusetts  left  Boxford  for  Washington,  Sept.  6, 
1862.     Up  to  January,  1863,  it  was  in  the  defences  of  Washington.    After 
that,  it  was  in  the  various  engagements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

8  The  Twenty-Fifth  Massachusetts  left  camp  for  the  seat  of  war,  Oct.  31, 
1861.  It  has  been  in  many  engagements  from  Koanoke  to  Olustee,  and 
has  always  borne  itself  with  honor. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        117 

Samuel  D.  Rogers,  Lawrence  ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Frank    Sandborn,  Methuen  ;  26th  Mass. ;  59th  Mass. ;  killed  at 

Petersburg  Mine  explosion. 
Robert  I.  Smith,  Lawrence. 

Charles  Stone,  Lawrence  ;  Capt.  3d  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Charles  M.  Shattuck,  Lawrence  ;  in  Navy. 
Geo.  W.  Thurlow,  Methuen. 

David  Tufts,  Lawrence  ;  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Henry  Turkington,  Methuen. 
Thomas  P.  Tuttle,  Lawrence. 
Horace  Wentworth,  Lawrence  ;  30th  Mass. 
John  T.  Williams,  Lawrence ;  26th  Mass. 

COMPANY  G,  WORCESTER. 

This  ancient  company,  the  "  WORCESTER  LIGHT  IN 
FANTRY,"  was  formed  in  the  year  1803,  by  Governor 
Levi  Lincoln  and  others.  It  served  in  the  war  of  1812, 
commanded  by  Captain  John  W.  Lincoln,  brother  of  the 
governor.  It  was  formerly  Company  B,  Third  Battalion 
of  Rifles ;  but  during  the  first  three  months  of  the  rebel 
lion  it  was  attached  to  the  Sixth.  Late  in  the  night  of 
the  16th  April,  it  received  orders  to  report  in  Boston  at 
noon  next  day,  to  start  for  Washington.  Its  members 
were  scattered  through  several  towns ;  yet,  in  spite  of  a 
violent  storm,  ninety-seven  men  and  officers  reported  for 
duty.  Several  military  organizations,  and  the  people  en 
masse,  escorted  them  to  the  cars  ;  and  on  the  evening  of 
the  same  day  they  left  Boston.  I  have  not  been  able, 
after  much  effort,  to  obtain  the  officers  of  the  company 
previous  to  1861. 


118        THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

COMPANY  ROSTER. 

Captain,  HARRSION  W.  PRATT,  Worcester  ;  Maj.  34th  Mass. ; l 
wounded  Cedar  Creek;  died  Sept.  25,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant,  GEO.  W.  PROUTY,  Worcester ;  Capt.  Co.  D, 
51st  Mass.2 

Second  Lieutenant,  THOS.  S.  WASHBURNE,  Worcester ;  Capt.  in 
21st  Mass.; 3  discharged  March  2,  1862. 

Third  Lieutenant,  J.  WALDO  DENNY,  Worcester  ;  Capt.  in  25th 
Mass. 

Fourth  Lieutenant,  DEXTER  F.  PARKER,  Worcester ;  Quarter 
master  in  Couch's  Brigade  ;  also  Major  10th  Mass. ; 4 
died  of  wounds  May  12,  1864. 

Sergeant,  JOHN  A.  LOWELL,  Worcester;  1st  Lieut.  34th  Mass. 

Capt.  do.,  June  25,  1863. 

"       J.  STEWART  BROWN,  Worcester  ;  Adjt.  51st  Mass. 
"       CHAS.  H.  STRATTON,  Worcester  ;  Sergt.  in  25th  Mass. 
u       JAMES  A.  TAYLOR,  Worcester;  llth  U.  5\  Infantry. 

Corporal,  JOEL  H.  PROUTY,  Worcester ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  51st 
Mass. 

1  The  Thirty-Fourth  Massachusetts  left  the  State  Aug.  15,  1862,  and 
remained  for  some  time  near  Washington  and  Harper's  Ferry,  performing 
guard  and  picket  duty.     During  the  last  year  of  the  war,  it  was  in  nine 
battles  and  several  skirmishes,  and  experienced  severe  losses. 

2  The  Fifty-First  Massachusetts  left  Boston  Nov.  25,   1862,  for  nine 
months'   service.    It  was  stationed  in   North   Carolina  till  June   24,  — 
long  enough  to  earn  the  names   "  Kinston,"  Whitehall,"   and  "  Golds- 
boro',"  on  its  flag, —  and  then  left  for  Fortress  Monroe,  arriving  home 
July  21. 

8  The  Twenty-first  Massachusetts  left  Massachusetts  Aug.  23, 1861,  for 
three  years'  service.  It  had  a  most  eventful  experience,  the  history  of 
which  will  doubtless  one  day  be  written. 

4  The  Tenth  Massachusetts  left  Boston  July  26,  1861,  and  was  before 
Richmond,  and  at  Fredericksburg,  and  Gettysburg,  Rappahannock  Sta 
tion,  &c.  It  was  commanded  by  Colonel  Henry  S.  Briggs. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        119 

Corporal,  EDWARD  S.  STONE,  Worcester;    Sergt.  Co.  D,  51st 
Mass. ;  discharged,  disability,  Nov.  25,  1862. 

"       BROWN  P.  STOWELL,  Boston. 

"       WM.  H.  HOBBS,  Worcester. 
Musician,  EDWARD  STALLWORTH,  Worcester. 

"       WM.  C.  ROUND Y,  Worcester. 

PRIVATES. 

Caleb  F.  Abbott,  Worcester ;  in  Reed's  Mounted  Rangers. 

Benj.  F.  R.  Alden,  Worcester ;  in  25th  Mass. 

E.  W.  Alden,  Worcester;  in  22d  Mass.1 

John  W.  Bacon,  Worcester. 

Algernon  S.  Badger,  Boston ;  2d  Lieut,  in  26th  Mass. ;  Capt.  1st 
Texas  Cavalry. 

David  H.  Ball,  Worcester ;  Com.  Dept.  Couch's  Brigade, 

Thos.  E.  Ballard,  Worcester;  llth  U.  S.  Regular  Infantry;  died 
in  service. 

Wm.  F.  Belser,  Worcester;  2d  and  1st  Lieut.  34th  Mass. 

Henry  Bemis,  Worcester ;  Sergt.  7th  Conn. 

Robert  M.  Brainard,  Worcester. 

Joseph  L.  Brown,  Worcester  ;  Sergt.  7th  Conn. 

John  E.  Caligan,  Worcester.  * 

Edwin  A.  Campbell,  Worcester ;  25th  Mass.,  or  5th  N.  Y.  Cav 
alry. 

Edward  C.  Capron,  Worcester  ;  31st  Mass.2 

Luther  Capron,  Jr.,  Worcester;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D,  51st  Mass.2 

1  The  Twenty-Second  Massachusetts  left  the  State  Oct.  1,  1861.    It 
was  recruited  by  Hon.  Henry  Wilson.    It  has  been  one  of  the  most  gal 
lant  in  the  service. 

2  The  Thirty-First  Massachusetts  sailed  from  Boston  Feb.  21,  1862,  and 
has  since  been  in  the  Department  of  the   Gulf.    It  has  ever  been  con 
spicuous  in  the  stirring  scenes  of  that  department. 


120        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Thos.  J.  Casey,  Worcester. 
Joseph  Clissold,  Worcester. 
Thos.  E.  Cogger,  Newburyport. 

Wm.  Conner,  Worcester;  25th  Mass.;  discharged  March  30,1863. 
David  W.  Corson,  Worcester. 
Moses  W.  Comsett,  Worcester. 

Geo.  H.   Conklin,  Worcester;  31st  Mass.;  in  Unattached  Artil 
lery,  Co.  A. 

Marcus  Curtis,  Worcester. 
Charles  E.  Dart,  Worcester. 

John  B.  Dennis,  Norwich,  Conn.  ;  Capt.  7th  Conn. 
Thos.  A.  Doherty,  Worcester;  31st  Mass. 
E.  L.  Drury,  Worcester. 
Luke  T.  Drury,  Worcester ;  25th  Mass. 
Jce  Dyson,  Worcester ;  15th  Mass.1 
John  Emerson,  Milbury. 
Josiah  S.  Estabrook,  Worcester. 
Adam.  Gurnhard,  Worcester. 
Rudolph  Hacker,  Worcester;  Sergt.  25th  Mass. 
Henry  Hardy,  Worcester ;  U.  S.  Navy. 
Ira  B.  Hastings,  Worcester;  15th  Mass. 
Henry  R.  Haven,  Worcester ;  U.  S.  Navy. 
Edward  S.  Hay,  Worcester;  U.  S.  Navy. 
John  Henry,  Worcester. 

Orlando  Hodgkins,  Worcester  ;  Sergt.  25th  Mass. 
Geo.  A.  Houghton,  Worcester. 

Adalbert  D.  V.  Hoar,  Danielsville,  Conn. ;  Sergt.  7th  Conn. 
Church  Howe,  Worcester;  promoted  Quar.  Mast.  Sergt.  GthMass. ; 
Capt.  15th  Mass. 

1  The  Fifteenth  Massachusetts  left  Worcester  for  Washington  Aug.  8, 
1861.  It  has  been  in  most  of  the  battles  from  Ball's  Bluff  till  the  summer 
of  1864,  —  a  gallant  regiment. 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        121 

George  P.  Johnson,  Springfield ;   Captain  of  Ordnance,  Strong's 

Division. 

John  M.  Knapp,  Worcester ;  25th  Mass. 
Frederick  J.  Kidder,  Worcester. 
Samuel  O.  La  Forest,  South  Boston ;  1st  Lieut.  21st  Mass.;  Capt. 

Co.  H,47th  Mass.1 
William  Lincoln,  Worcester. 
Henry  Lawrence,  Barre. 

George  F.  Minter,  Boston  ;  sent  home  sick  from  Camp  Relay. 
Charles  A.  Moulton,  Worcester;  discharged,  disability,  May  18. 
John  F.  Methven,  Worcester. 
John  F.  Mulcahy,  Worcester. 
Myron  J.  Newton,  Worcester,  3d  R.  I. 
Dennis  H.  Nolan,  Boston. 
Edward  B.  Perry,  Worcester;  Navy. 
William  H.  Piper,  Worcester. 

J.  M.  T.  Pierce,  Worcester  ;  Com.  Dept,  Couch's  Brigade. 
Elbridge  M.  Rice,  Worcester. 
Joseph  O.  Rice,  Worcester. 
Henry  M.  Richter,  Worcester ;  was  in  Crimean  war;  1st  Lieut. 

25th  Mass. ;  died  June,  18C3. 
Calvin  Riggs,  Worcester. 
Meilleux    Seif,  Worcester ;   was   in    Crimean  war ;    Sergt.   20th 

Mass  ;  killed  at  Ball's  Bluff. 
James  D.  Shaw,  Worcester. 
Dennis  M.  Shehan,  Worcester ;  2d  Lieut.  25th  Mass. ;  wounded 

at  Roanoke;  discharged  Feb.  6,  1863. 
George  Schwartz,  Worcester. 
J.  Baxter  Smith,  Worcester. 

1  The  Forty-Seventh  Massachusetts  left  for  New  Orleans  Nov.  29,  1862, 
for  nine  months'  service  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  and  returned  to 
Boston  Aug.  18,  1863,  after  valuable  service  to  the  country. 


122          THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

John  W.  Stiles,  Worcester;   2d  Lieut.  34th  Mass.;  discharged 

June  27,  1863. 
Timothy  Sweeney,  Holliston. 
Thomas  Talbot,  Worcester ;  went  to  Ireland. 
Edwin  P.  Thompson,  Worcester. 
John  F.  Towle,  Worcester. 

Charles  P.  Trumbull,  Worcester  ;  Quar.  Mas.  34th  Mass. 
Peter  J.  Turner,  Worcester  ;  1st  Lieut.  4th  R.  I. 
William  H.  Valentine,  Worcester;  2d  and  1st  Lieut.  21st  Mass.; 

Capt.,  Sept.,  1863. 
Albert  C.  Walker,  Worcester ;  1st  Lieut.  34th  Mass. ;  died  of  his 

wounds  Aug.  23,  1864. 
Frederick  Weigand,  Worcester;  was  in  Crimean  war;  2d  Lieut. 

25th  Mass. ;  discharged  March,  1862. 
Charles  E.  Whipple,  Springfield. 
A.  J.  Whitcomb,  Worcester ;  7th  R.  I. 
Daniel  Wilkins,  Worcester. 

James  Wilkins,  Worcester ;  Sergt.  5th  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 
Charles  H.  Wilson,  Worcester;  llth  Mass.1 
John  Wolf,  Worcester. 
Ira  Woodcock,  Worcester. 
J.  Wallace  Woodward,  Worcester. 
Silas  E.  Young,  Worcester. 

COMPANY  H,  LOWELL. 

Re-enlisted  in  the  same  regiment,  in  the  Nine  Months'  Campaign. 
Disbanded,  by  general  order ,  1865. 

i  The  Eleventh  Massachusetts  was  organized  May  9, 1861,  at  Fort  War 
ren,  and  was  at  Bull  Run,  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  1862,  and  before 
Richmond,  second  Bull  Run,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorville,  Gettysburg, 
Locust  Grove,  etc, 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN.        123 

The  "  WATSON  LIGHT  GUARD  "  was  organized  in  the 
year  1851,  and  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  was  pos 
sessed  of  no  little  esprit  du  corps.  It  was  named  for 
Col.  Abijah  Watson,  of  Lowell.  The  officers  of  the 
company,  previous  to  1861,-were, — 

Captains.  —  Henry  A.  Sargent,  A.  Mason  Hyde,  Andrew  Blood 
(Capt.  26th  Mass.),  Jonathan  Ladd  (Paym'r  in  U.  S.  service), 
John  F.  Noyes. 

Lieutenants.  —  George  E.  Davis  (Adjt.  26th  Mass.),  Charles  H. 
Rodliffe,  Benjamin  W.  Frost  (Capt..  26th  Mass.),  A.  H.  Pulcifer 
(Lieut,  in  6th  Mass.  9  months,  and  Lieut,  and  Capt.  in  2d  Mass. 
Heavy  Artillery),  Frank  E.  Jewett,  B.  W.  Davis,  D.  D.  Colby, 
David  E.  Grimes,  I.  N.  Wilson  (Capt.  U.  S.  service),  Andrew  F 
Jewett,  C.  H.  Mansur,  Benjamin  W.  Warren  (Capt.  26th  Mass.). 

Like  the  other  Lowell  companies,  it  received  orders  on 
the  evening  of  April  15th,  and  the  next  morning  was 
ready  for  action.  It  of  course  participated  in  all  the 
stirring  scenes  that  characterized  the  departure  of  the 
Sixth,  and  that  made  those  days  the  most  exciting  that 
Lowell  ever  knew. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 
Captain,  JOHN  F.  NOTES,  Lowell;    Capt.  26th  Mass.   Feb.    7, 

1862;  discharged  Aug.  21,  1362.. 
First  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  E.  DAVIS,  Lowell;  Adjt.  26th  Mass. ; 

discharged  Dec.,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  ANDREW  F.  JEWETT,  Lowell ;  acted  as  Judge 

Advocate. 
Third  Lieutenant,  BENJAMIN  W.  WARREN,  Lowell ;  Capt.  Co.  D, 

26th  Mass. 


124       THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Sergeant,  NATHANIEL  K.  HEED,  Lowell;  Lieut.  3 Otli  Mass. ;  1st 

Lieut.  Mass.  30th. 
"         CHARLES  E.  POOR,  Lowell ;  1st  Lieut.    Co.  H,  6th 

Mass.,  9  months;  1st  Lieut.  38th  U.  S.  Colored. 
"        BENJAMIN  W.  FROST,  Lowell;    Capt.  Co.  H,  26th 

Mass.,  Feb.  7,  18(& 

"         TIMOTHY  A.  CROWLEY,  Lowell ;  carried  regimental 
flag  through  Baltimore,  April  19  ;    Capt.  Co.  F, 
30th  Mass.;  died  Oct.  5, 1862. 
Corporal,  EDWARD  J.  GRIMES,  Lowell. 

"         HIRAM  W.   GORDON,   Lowell;    Sergt.   Co.   D,    26th 

Mass. 

"         CALEB  PHILBRICK,  Lowell ;  Capt.  Co.  G,  33d  Mass. 
"        WARREN  C.  CROSBY,  Lowell. 

Musician,  GEORGE  KOBERTSON,  Lowell ;  Corpl.  Co.  G,  33d  Mass. 
"        LEVI  BROWN,  Lowell ;    Corpl.    Co.   H,  6th  Mass. ;    9 
months. 

PRIVATES. 

Charles  C.  Atwood,  Lowell ;  Co.  L,  1st  Cavalry. 
Frank  S.  Avery,  Lowell ;  Co.  G,  33d  Mass. 
John  Brady,  Lowell. 

Charles  R.  Bills,  Lowell ;  Co.  C,  6th  Mass. ;  in  the  Navy  since. 
Warren  L.  Braddock,  Lowell. 

Reuben  P.  Charters,  Lowell;  1st  Mass.  Batt. ;  re-enlisted  in  same. 
Charles  F.  Clark,  Lgwell ;  in  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  9  months;  2d 

Lieut. Colored. 

Raeburn  G.  Clifford,  Lowell;  Frontier  Service  Cavalry,  1865. 
George  Dobbins,  Lowell ;  Co.  G,  2d  Mass. 
Edwin  Hapgood,  Lowell. 

Alexander  Harper,  Lowell;  1st  Mass.  Battery. 
Silas  S.  Holmes,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  Co.  L,  1st  Battery;  died  after 
1  leaving  service. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        125 

Edwin  Huckins,  Lowell ;  -  —  re-enlisted  in Mass. 

Enoch  Ingalls,  Lowell. 

Geo.  F.  Johnson,  Lowell. 

Geo.  H.  Keene,  Lowell ;  59th  Mass. 

John  J.  Marshall,  Lowell;  Lieut.  Co.  H,  26th  Mass. 

Edwin  P.  McCoy,  Lowell ;  Co.  L,  1st  Cavalry.    * 

Angus  McGilvery,  Boston. 

James  M.  Mitchell,  Lowell ;  4th  Mass.  Battery.1 

Frank  J.  Milliken,  Lowell;  Hospital  Steward  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

John  H.  bourse,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Chas.  P.  Palmer,  Lowell ;  Co.  H,  26th  Mass. 

Albert  Pinder,  Lowell;  2d  Lieut.  6th  Mass.,  Co.  H,  9  months 

2d  Lieut.  59th  Mass.;  Capt.  in  same,  March  25th,  1865. 
Chas.  VV.  Pucker,  Lowell ;  Co.  D,  Mass.  26th ;  Capt  in  Cavalry. 
Nathaniel  Roberts,  Lowell. 

Chas.  F.  Rolf'e,  Lowell ;  1st  Sergt.  Co.  H,  6  Mass.,  9  months. 
Daniel  W.  Russell,  Lowell ;  Co.  K,  19th  Mass. ;  Lieut.  Co.  B,  10th 

N.  H. ;  killed  in  service. 
Alfred  W.  Scaddmg,  Lowell. 
William  Short,  Lowell;  Co.  A,  29th  Mass. 
Wm.  Smith,  Lowell;  Sergt.  Co.  F,  33d  Mass. 
Frederic  J.  Small,  Lowell;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 
Martin  V.  B.  Strong,  Lowell;  1st  Sharpshooters;  killed. 
Frederick  K.  Stafford,  Lowell ;  promoted  to  be  Drum  Major. 
Augustus  Warren,  Lowell. 

Joseph  B.  Whiting,  Lowell ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  26th  Mass. 
George  B.  Winn,  Lowell;  Sergt.  Co.  H,  26th  Mass.;  Capt.  3d 

Louisiana  ;  died  after  leaving  service. 
Geo.  Wilkins,  Lowell. 
Wm.  T.  Willis,  Lowell ;  joined  regiment  June  3d ;  Co.  G,  33d  Mass. 

1  The  Fourth  Massachusetts  Battery  left  Lowell  tor  Ship  Island,  iNov.  20, 
1861,  and  was  engaged  at  Pontichoula  and  Baton  Kouge,  and  took  active 
part  in  several  important  expeditions. 


126        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

COMPANY  I,  LAWRENCE, 

• 
Re-enlisted  in  the  same  regiment  in  the  Nine  Months'  Campaign; 

also  in  Ninety  Days'  Campaign,  Galloupe's  Island,  1865  ;  still 
an  organized  company. 

The  "  LAWRENCE  LIGHT  INFANTRY  "  was  organized 
in  1849,  and  was  rallied  and  reported  with  the  same 
promptness  that  distinguished  the  other  companies.  All 
that  has  been  previously  related  of  the  rest  of  the  regi 
ment  is  equally  applicable  to  them. 

The  officers  in  company  I  were  as  follows,  from  1849 
to  the  present  time  :  — 

Captains.  —  Samuel  C.  Oliver,*  (Senior  Major  2d  Mass.  Heavy 
Artillery),  Joseph  M.  Dodge  (died  at  Acapulco,  Cal.,  June  2, 1852), 
Chas.  B.  Wilkins,  Geo.  W.  Holt,*'  Lorenzo  D.  Sargent  (Col.  3d. 
Mass.  Cavalry),*  Joshua  Pillsbury,  John  Pickering,*  Leverett 
Bradley,*  Augustine  L.  Hamilton,*  Frederick  G.  Tyler.* 

Lieutenants.  —  Most  of  the  above,  and  John  Phillips,  Samuel 
J.  Thompson,  Henry  J.  Livermore,  Daniel  Saunders,  Jr.,  Chas. 
O.  Putnam,  Chas.  W.  Fuller,  Elisha  T.  Merriam  (died  at  New 
Orleans,  Aug.  1853),  Isaac  W.  Blake,  Thos.  B.  Lour,  James 
Ward,  E.  W.  Clark,  J.  G.  Abbott,*  John  Brown,  David  W.  Cook, 
G.  G.  Kimball,  J.  C.  Baker,  Richard  O.  Greenleaf,*  Sumner  H. 
Needham,*  Frank  Benson,*  Gilman  S.  Ladd,*  Geo.  W.  Cutter, 
Stephen  D.  Stokes,*  Edward  J.  Sherman,*  Frank  A.  Rolfe,* 
(Maj.  Mass.  1st  Heavy  Artillery,  killed  in  action),  D.  S.  Yeaton* 
(Capt.  Mass.  26th,  died,  New  Orleans),  Eben  H.  Ellenwood,* 
Eugene  J.  Mason,*  R.  G.  Barr,*  Frederick  G.  Tyler,*  James  S. 
Roberts,*  F.  II.  Morrill. 

*  In  the  above,  those  marked  *  have  served  in  the  war  of  1861-5.  Some 
forty  officers,  in  various  parts  of  the  service,  took  their  first  lessons  with 
the  musket  in  this  company,  among  whom  was  Col.  Sumner  Carruth,  since 
Brigadier-General. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        127 

ROSTER. 

Captain,  JOHN  PICKERING,  Lawrence ;  Capt.  in  26th  Mass. 
First  Lieutenant,  DANIEL  S.  YEATON,  Lawrence  ;  Capt.  in  30th  ; 

died  Nov.  28,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.  LAWRENCE  HAMILTON,  Lawrence  ;  Capt. 
Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  months;  also  Capt.  Co.  I,  Unat 
tached,  90  days. 

Third  Lieutenant,  EBEN  H.  ELLEN  WOOD,  Lawrence;  1st  Lieut. 
Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  months  ;  also  Capt.  Co.  I,  Unat 
tached,  90  days. 
Fourth  Lieutenant,  EUGENE  J.  MASON,  Lawrence;    1st  Lieut. 

40th  Mass. ; l  resigned  Jan.  1863. 
Sergeant,  STEPHEN  D.  STOKES,  Lawrence ;    Capt.  40th  Mass. ; 

discharged  Jan.  1863. 
"        JOSHUA  C.  RAMSDEN,  Lawrence. 
"        GEORGE    G.   DURRELL,   Lawrence  ;  wounded   Balti 
more,  April  19,  head,  brick;  19th  Unattached,  1 
year,  com.  August,  1864. 

Corporal,  WM.  A.  HUNTINGTON,  Lawrence ;  Serg.  26th  Mass. 
"         GEORGE  E.  YERRINGTON,  Lawrence  ;  2d  Lieut.  26th 
Mass. ;  1st  Lieut,  do  ;  Major  13th,  Corps  d'Afrique, 
La.,  August,  1863. 

"         SUMNER  H.  NEEDHAM,  Lawrence;    killed  in  Balti 
more,  April  19,  1861. 

1  The  40th  Mass,  left  the  State  Sept.  8,  1862,  under  command  of  Lieut.- 
Col.  Dalton,  and  after  some  months  of  duty  in  the  vicinity  of  Washington, 
it  went  to  assist  in  the  defence  of  Suffolk,  then  to  the  Peninsula,  and 
ultimately  to  South  Carolina,  where  the  regiment  was  mounted.  It  then 
went  to  Florida,  where  it  behaved  most  gallantly  at  Olustee,  and  it  made 
some  of  the  most  arduous  and  brilliant  expeditions  of  the  war.  When  the 
writer  of  this  was  in  Florida,  in  February,  1864,  it  had  the  reputation  of 
being  the  best  regiment  in  the  department. 


128        THE  THREE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal,  WM.  F.  CARLETON,  Methuen. 

"        FREDERIC  G.  TYLER,  Lawrence ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  I,  6th 

Mass.,  9  months  ;    in  Co.  I,  unattached,  90  days. 
"         ROBERT  J.  BARR,  Lawrence;    2d  Lieut.  Co.  I,  6th 

Mass.;  killed  Dec.  12,  1862. 
Musician,  JOHN  D.  EMERSON,  Lawrence ;  2d  Lieut.  6th  Mass.; 

100  days,  1864. 

"        EDWARD  CARLTON,   Lawrence ;  40th  Mass.,   Lieut, 
killed  June  3,  1864. 

PRIVATES. 

Horace  S.  Berry,  Lawrence ;  40th  Mass. 

Milton  Blood,  Lawrence  ;  40th  Mass. ;  killed . 

Wm.  E.  Bardsley,  Lawrence. 

Edward  Caufy,   Lawrence ;    discharged,  disability,    May  8 ;  1st 

Lieut.  2Gth,  Sept.  20,  1861  ;  Capt.  26th,  Feb.  11,  1862. 
Geo.  A.  Drew,  Lawrence  ;  4th  N.  II. ;  1st  Lieut.  1st  S.  C.,  colored. 
Frederick  M.  Farwell,  Lawrence. 
Victor  O.  Freeman,  Lawrence. 
Victor  G.  Gingass,  Lawrence ;  wounded  in  the   arm,  April  19, 

1861,  Baltimore. 
Michael  Green,  Lawrence;  wounded  in  the  leg,  April  19,  1861; 

sent  home. 

Edwin  C.  Heath,  Lawrence. 

John  M.  Harmon,  Lawrence  ;  Corp.  in  Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Joseph  Home,  Lawrence. 
Daniel  Harkins,  Lawrence. 
William  Holton,  LaAvrence. 
John  E.  Harriman,  Lawrence. 
Alonzo  Joy,  Lawrence  ;  fingers  shot  off,  April  1 9,  in   Baltimore 

Co.  G,  30th  Mass. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        129 

Harry  G.  Jewell,  Lawrence ;  wounded  in  Baltimore. 

James  S.  Knights,  Lawrence;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

William  Knott,  Lawrence  ;  Co.  F,  26th  Mass. ;  re-enlisted. 

David  Kittredge,  Lawrence. 

William  Miller,  Lawrence. 

John  H.  Norton,  Lawrence. 

John  Oliver,  Lawrence  ;  in  Co.  B,  4th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Samuel  B.  Pierce,  Lawrence ;  Co.  I,  26th  Mass. 

John  M.  Page,  Boston. 

Henry  A.  Rolfe,  Lawrence  ;  26th  Mass. 

Charles  M.  Swain,  Lawrence  ;  2d  Lieut.  26th  Mass. 

Edwin  F.  Spofford,  Lawrence ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Charles  H.   IStandley,  Lawrence. 

George  W.  Shorey,  Lawrence  ;  26th  Mass. 

Joseph  H.  SatFord,  Lawrence ;  in  Co.  I,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Hiram  A.  Stevens,  Lawrence. 

Caleb  Saunders,  Lawrence  ;  1st  Lieut.  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery  ; 

discharged  Dec.  10,  1862. 
Charles  T.  Woodbury,  Lawrence;  26th  Mass. 
Edwin  Wentworth,  Lawrence;  Co.  F,  22d  Mass.,  Oct.,  1861. 
Charles  J.  Weymouth,  Lawrence;  Co.  I,  26th  Mass.,  Oct.,  1861. 

COMPANY  K,  BOSTON. 

The  "  WASHINGTON  LIGHT  GUARD  "  was  organized  in 
1810  as  the  Washington  Artillery,  and  was  for  a  long 
time  company  C  of  the  First  Regiment.  A  few  hours 
after  it  was.  notified  to  appear  for  duty,  sixty-four  men 
reported;  and  the  Guard  left  with  the  Sixth,  attached  to 
it  for  the  time  being  as  company  K. 

The  following  are  among  those  who  served  as  commis- 


130        THE    THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

sioned  officers  since  the  organization  of  the  company, 
previous  to  1861  :  — 

Captains. — William  Cunningham,  John  Wilson,  Ephraim  B. 
Richards,  Isaiah  R.  Johnson,  Danforth  White,  Samuel  D.  Steele, 
Daniel  Cragin,  Samuel  Steele,  Caleb  Page,  Jerome  B.  Piper,  Wm. 
W.  Bullock,  John  B.  Whorf,  Isaac  S.  Burrill,  Robert  Cowdin, 
Joseph  N.  Pennock. 

Lieutenants.  —  Most  of  the  Captains ;  and  D.  C.  Parkhurst, 
Norman  Joseph,  Saunderson  Joseph,  H.  K.  White,  Samuel  Hink- 
son,  George  C.  Oilman,  Samuel  C.  Fiske,  William  Clarke,  Henry 
Taylor,  Charles  Gill,  Richard  W.  Lakeman,  Matthew  Graham, 
James  W.  Allen,  James  T.  Higgins,  Solon  Fisher,  W.  A.  Morris, 
Samuel  Morrison,  Hiram  Studley,  James  C.  Singleton,  William 
P.  Chase,  Levi  Flint,  S.  M.  Rogers,  J.  L.  Rogers. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  WALTER  S.  SAMPSON,  Boston;  Capt.  22d  Mass.;  dis 
charged  Sept.  25,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant,  ANSEL  D.  WASS,  Boston;  Capt.  19th  Mass., 
Aug.  22,  1861;  Maj.  19th  Mass.,  July  1,  1862; 
Lieut.-Col.  3d  Cavalry,  Aug.  28,  1862;  Lieut.- 
Col.  19th  Mass.,  May  23,  1863;  Col.  19th  Mass., 
Feb.  19,  1864;  Col.  60th  Mass.,1  100  days;  Col. 
62d  Mass.,2  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant,  MOSES  J.  EMERY,  Boston;  1st  Lieut.  28th 
Mass.  ;3  resigned  after  Antietam. 

1  The  Sixtieth  Massachusetts  was  a  hundred- days'  regiment,  raised  in 
the  fall  of  1864.    It  served  in  the  West. 

2  The  Sixty-second  Massachusetts  was  the  last  infantry  regiment  raised. 
The  war  closed  before  it  could  engage  in  its  country's  service. 

•J  The  Twenty-eighth  Massachusetts  was  composed  chiefly  of  Irishmen, 


THE  THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.       131 

Third  Lieutenant,  THOMAS  WALWORK,  Boston. 
Fourth  Lieutenant,  JOHN  F.  DUNNING,  Boston  ;  Capt.  Co.  D,  22d 
Mass. ;  killed  at  Games'  Mills,  June  27,  1862. 

Sergeant,   LEVI  F.  McKENNEY,  Boston  ;  Maine. 

"        JAMES  C.  ROGERS,  Boston  ;  Capt.  48th  Mass. ; l  Heavy 

Artillery. 
"         GEORGE   VV.    GORDON,   Boston ;    Sergt.   Co.   A,   22d 

Mass. ;  killed  at  Games'  Mills. 
"        DAVID  C.  SISSON,  Boston;  Sergt.  llth  Mass.2  Battery; 

Clerk  in  Quar.  Mas.  Dept,  Washington. 
"         GEORGE  A.  GURNETT,  Canada ;  joined  May  4 ;  22d 

Mass,  color-bearer. 
Corporal,  JAMES  E.  MARCH,  Boston  ;  1st  Lieut,  and  Capt.  32d 

Mass. 
"        WASHINGTON  J.  CORTHELL,  Boston ;  Sergt.  Co.  D, 

22d  Mass. 

"        JOSEPH  SANDERSON,  Jr.,  Boston  ;  2d  Lieut.  42d  Mass., 
9  months  and  100  days. 

"         ABRAHAM  HOLLAND,  Boston ;  in  N.  J. . 

Musician,  WM.  H.  H.  FORSTER,  Boston. 

"         GILBERT   W.  HOMAN,  Boston ;    Maryland    Cavalry ; 
killed. 

and  started  from  home  January  11, 1862,  and  spent  a  few  months  in  South 
Carolina,  and  thence  proceeded  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  They  were 
engaged  at  the  second  Bull  Eun,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg, 
and  other  minor  affairs.  It  has  a  great  list  of  casualties  to  prove  its  gal 
lantry. 

1  The  Forty-eighth  Massachusetts  left  New  York  for  New  Orleans,  De 
cember  27,  1862,  and  was  a  part  of  the  force  that  reduced  Port  Hudson. 

2  The  Eleventh  Massachusetts  Battery  was  the  only  nine  months'  bat 
tery  raised.    It  was  mustered  August  25,  1862,  and  was   employed    in 
picket  and  scout  duty  in  and  near  Washington. 


132        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

PRIVATES. 

Elisha  C.  Boden,  Boston. 

George  W.  Butler,  Boston  ;  re-entered  service. 

George  Bell,  Boston. 

Charles  H.  Chester,  Boston ;  discharged,  disability,  at  Relay  House. 

William  P.  Chester,  Boston. 

Edward  W.  Cady,  Boston  ;  went  as  far  as  New  York. 

George  Colgan,  Boston;  wounded  in  Baltimore,  April  19;  re- 
enlisted. 

James  B.  Daly,  Boston ;  wounded  April  1 ;  discharged  for  dis 
ability,  in  Philadelphia ;  42d  Mass.,  9  months. 

William  H.  Daly,  Boston  ;  42d  Mass. ;  Capt.  Corps  d'Afrique. 

Le  Preble  Drake,  Boston ;  in  Co.  D,  22d  Mass. 

John  Dupee,  Boston  ;  promoted  Com.  Sergt. ;  discharged  for  dis 
ability. 

Joseph  F.  Ennis,  Boston ;  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Harold  M.  English,  Boston. 

Lewis  F.  Francis,  East  Cambridge  ;  Battery ;  wounded. 

Charles  H.  Frye,  Boston. 

Edward  P.  Fisk,  Boston  ;  re-enlisted. 

Henry  Gardner,  Boston ;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  1 9. 

William  D.  Gurley,  Cambridgeport ;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April 
19  ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

John  J.  Gillespie,  Boston  ;  Sergt.  28th  Mass. 

Charles  M.  Hamilton,  Chelsea  ;  Lieut.  Co.  A,  22nd  Mass. ;  dis 
missed  Feb  18,  1863. 

Charles  H.  Hall,  Boston. 

Lysander  J.  Hume,  Calais,  Me. ;  Capt.  19th  Mass.  Fire  Zouaves. 

Erastus  D.  Holt,  Fredonia,  N.  Y. ;  joined  May  4  ;  Capt. N.  Y. 

Edward  T.  Knowlton,  Boston. 

James  W.  Keller,  Boston ;  Capt. N.  H. 

James  H.  Le  Favor,  Boston  ;  22d  Mass. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        133 

Orrick  Look,  Boston ;  1st  Lieut  Co.  A,  22d  Mass.  ;  severely 
wounded  July  4,  1863. 

Orville  W.  Leonard,  East  Boston ;  Capt.  42d  Mass. ;  9  months. 

Lemuel  Q.  Morton,  Boston ;  Corp.  Co.  D,  22d  Mass. ;  in 

Heavy  Artillery. 

Joseph  O.  Matthews,  Boston.      ^ 

Thomas  Meadows,  East  Boston. 

William  IT.  H.  Mallory,  Cambridgeport. 

John  G.  Meserve,  Boston ;  Mass.,  9  months ;  Lieut.  Corps 

d'Afrique. 

Henry  C.  Mann,  Chelsea  ;  Sergt.  42d  Mass. 

James  F.  Moore,  Boston ;  Capt.  2d  Maine. 

Edward  Nudd,  Boston. 

Eobert  Nodine,  Boston  ;  Sergt.  in  Co.  D,  22d  Mass. 

James  G.  Peaks,  Boston. 

William  Parks,  Boston ;  in  Co.  A,  22d  Mass. 

Henry  Roberts,  Boston ;  joined  May  4. 

Henry  J.  Symonds,  Boston ;  Lieut,  and  Capt.  22d  Mass. ;  re 
signed  Aug.  26,  1863. 

Charles  F.  Sloan,  Jr.,  Jamaica  Plain. 

George  A.  Spinney,  Boston. 

Charles  C.  Story,  Boston  ;  joined  May  4. 

Edwin  J.  Sanborn,  Boston. 

Adams  Shepard,  Boston. 

Alexander  Sproul,  Boston. 

Horace  H.  Small,  Boston. 

Mendall  C.  Spencer,  Boston  ;  joined  May  4  ;  re-enlisted. 

James  C.  Spencer,  Boston  ;  joined  May  4. 

Geo.  W.  Stevens,  Boston ;  died  August,  1861. 

Geo.  Temple,  Boston ;  Corp.  Co.  D,  Mass.  22d. 

Geo.  T.  Whitney,  Boston;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  19; 
Sergt.  Co.  D,  Mass.  22d. 


134        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Isaac,  B.  White,  Boston  ;  1st  Lieut.  42d  Mass.  9  months ;  and  Capt. 
42d,  100  days. 

James  Wood,  Boston  ;  re-enlisted  in ,  Mass. 

Henry  F.  Young,  Boston. 

COMPANY  L,  STONEHAM. 

lie-enlisted  in  company  (7,  Fiftieth  Mass.,  9  months.1 

The  "  STONEHAM  LIGHT  INFANTRY  "  was  organized  in 
1851,  and  belonged  to  the  Seventh  Regiment,  but  the 
Governor  detached  it  from  the  Seventh,  and  placed  it  in 
the  Sixth,  to  fill  its  ranks  to  the  required  number.  Though 
it  received  its  orders  latest  of  all  the  companies  —  not  till 
2  o'clock,  A.  M.,  April  17, —  Capt.  Dike  was  at  the 
State  House,  with  his  command,  at  11  o'clock.  The  bells 
were  rung,  the  flags  were  unfurled,  and  all  business  was 
suspended,  while  the  people,  with  one  mind  and  purpose, 
went  to  work  to  furnish  the  men  with  needed  articles. 
The  company's  departure  created  a  profound  sensation 
in  that  community. 

The  captains  from  the  organization  have  been :  Lyman 
Dike,  Osborn  Richardson,  R.  A.  Locke,  Chas.  C.  Dike, 
Samuel  Tidd,  Darius  N.  Stevens.  The  company  is  now 
disbanded. 

1  The  Massachusetts  Fiftieth  was  formed  out  of  the  old  Seventh,  for  a 
nine  months'  campaign,  and  left  Boxford  Nov.  19.  It  encountered  great 
peril  by  sea,  but  arrived  at  last  in  New  Orleans,  in  three  parties,  January 
20  and  27,  and  February  9,  1863.  It  took  active  part  in  the  seige  of  Port 
Hudson,  and  other  engagements,  and  returned  home  up  the  Mississippi. 


THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         135 

ROSTER. 

Captain,  JOHN  H.  DIKE,  Stoneham  ;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April 
19,  severely.  (Capt.  Dike  has  ever  since  his  wound 
been  lame.) 

First  Lieutenant,  LEANDER  F.  LYNDE,  Stoneham ;  Lieut,  com 
manding  from  April  19  to  Aug.  2.     (Kicked  by  a 
ruffian,  April  19,  and  afterwards  hurt  by  a  fall  in 
camp,  which  disabled  him  for  two  years.) 
Second  Lieutenant,  DARIUS  N.  STEVENS,  Stoneham;  Capt.  Co. 

C,  50th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Third  Lieutenant,  JAMES  F.  ROWE,  Stoneham ;  wounded  in  the 

head  with  a  brick,  April  19,  at  Baltimore;  Capt. 

Co.  F,  33d  Mass.,  3  years ;    on  staffs  of  Hooker 

Howard,  and  Mower. 

Fourth   Lieutenant,  WM.  B.  BLAISDELL,   Stoneham ;  private  in 

26th  Mass. ;  discharged  sick. 
Sergeant,  SAMUEL  C.  TRULL,  Stoneham;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  C,  50th 

Mass.,  9  months. 
"        JEFFERSON  HAYES,  Stoneham;  1st  Sergt.  Co.  C,  50th 

Mass.;  also  1st  Sergt.  Co.  K,  5th  Mass.,  100  days. 
"        FRANCIS  M.  SWEETSER,  Stoneham;  1st  Sergt.  Co.  C, 
50th  Mass.,  9  months;  Capt.  Co.  K,  5th  Mass.,  100 
days. 
"        SIDNEY  L.  COLLEY,  Stoneham;    1st  Sergt.  Co.  D,  33d 

Mass.,  3  years. 

Corporal,  JAMES  WHITTAKER,  Stoneham  ;  promoted  to  Sergt. 
"        GEO.  P.  STEVENS,  Stoneham ;  9th  Company  Unattached 

Heavy  Artillery. 
"        ANDREW  J.  KIMPTON,  Stoneham ;  Co.  C,  Unattached 

Heavy  Artillery. 

"        CHAS.  L.  GILL,  Stoneham;  wounded  at  Baltimore  April 
19  ;  discharged,  disability,  May  3. 


136        THE   THREE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Musician,   VICTOR -LoRENDO,    Stoneliam ;    left    at    Baltimore, 

April  19. 
"  EUGENE  DEVIT,  Stoneliam  ;  Navy,  3  years. 

PRIVATES. 

Walter  B.  Berry,  Stoneham;  Co.  D,  33d  Mass.,  3  years. 

Wm.  G.  Butterfield,  Stoneham;  wounded  April  19,  discharged, 
disability,  May  30;  Co.  K,  5th  Mass.,  100  days. 

Chas.  II.  Barry,  Stoneham ;  33d  Mass. 

Daniel  Brown,  Stoneham  ;  third  finger  of  left  hand  shot  off,  April 
19,  at  Baltimore;  Co.  C,  Unattached  Heavy  Artillery. 

John  W.  Craig,  Stoneham  ;  in  —  Mass. 

Chas.  H.  Carr,  Stoneham ;  1st  Sergt.  22d  Mass.,  killed  when 
leading,  his  company  to  a  charge,  at  Games'  Mills,  the  officers 
all  having  been  killed ;  commission  reached  him  the  day  after 
his  death. 

Otis  M.  Clement,  Stoneham;  1st  Batt.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Richard  McCormack,  Stoneham  ;  llth  U.  S.  Infantry. 

Henry  Dike,  Stoneham;  wounded  in  leg  by  ball,  April  19,  1861, 
at  Baltimore  ;  Andrews'  Sharpshooters  ;  wounded  in  arm  at 
Antietam. 

Joel  N.  Ducett,  Stoneham. 

Horace  W.  Danforth,  Stoneham ;  wounded,  and  beaten  after 
wards  ;  left  in  hospital,  Apr.  19;  U.  S.  Navy,  1  year. 

James  Eastman,  Stoneham ;  U.  S.  Navy,  3  years. 

John  B.  Eastman,  Stoneham. 

Stephen  Flanders,  Stoneham;  wounded  severely,  April  19,  at 
Baltimore,  in  head  with  brick. 

John  B.  Fortier,  Stoneham;  wounded  severely,  April  19,  at  Bal 
timore,  in  head  with  stone. 

Orrin  A.  Green,  Stoneham ;  2d  Co.  Mass.  Sharpshooters. 

John  A.  Gerry,  Stoneham ;  U.  S.  Navy  ;   3d  Mass.  Battery. 


THE   THREE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        137 

Henry  "W.  Green,  Stoneham;  2d  Co  Mass.  Sharpshooters;  Mass. 

59th. 

Aaron  S.  Hadley,  Stoneham;  Co.  K,  5th  Mass.,  100  days. 
Watson  H.  Hayes,  Stoneham. 

Levi  W.  Hayes,  Stoneham ;  Corp.  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Andrew  E.  Hill,  Stoneham. 

Battelle  E.  Hosmer,  Stoneham  ;  artificer  U.  S.  Engineers. 
Warren  Holden,  Stoneham ;  sent  home  sick,  May  7. 
Wm.  H.  Jones,  Stoneham. 
Samuel  S.  Johnson,  Stoneham;  1st  Mass.  Batt. 
John  W.  Kimpton,  Stoneham;  wounded   in    legs    and  arms,  by 

paving  stones,  April  19,  at  Baltimore;  U.  S.  Navy. 
James  Keenan,  Stoneham;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  19,  leg 

shattered  by  a  ball.     In  hospital  at  Baltimore  till  July  31st ; 

Co.  K,  5th  Mass. 
Chas.  Lamore,  Stoneham. 
Joseph  LaClair,  Stoneham;    Co.  D,  33d  Mass.;  killed  May  15, 

1864. 
Dearborn  S.  Moody,  Stoneham ;  4th  New  Hampshire,  and  then 

1st  Lieut  in  U.  S.  Col.  Infantry. 

James  S.  Moody,  Stoneham;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  19  ; 

Hospital  Steward  from  June  1  to  Aug. ;   Co.  C,  50th  Mass. 
Hiram  P.  Marston,  Stoneham;  Capt.  Co.  B,  33d  Mass. 
James  A.  Meader,  Stoneham ;  Sergt.  Co.  D,  33d  Mass. 
Wm.  H.  Madden,  Stoneham ;  1st  Sergt.  2d  Co.  Mass.  Sharpshoot 
ers. 
Sidney   F.  Mellen,  Stoneham;    8th   Mass.   Battery;    killed,  at 

Antietam. 
Maurice  Mead,  Stoneham;  llth  U.  S.  Infantry,  taken  prisoner, 

and  escaped  from  Andersonville. 
Samuel  H.  Pinkham;  Stoneham. 
Fernando  P.  Pinkbam,  Stoneham  ; U.  S.  Cavalry,  dead. 


138      THE  THREE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Alphonso  Pinkham,  Stoneham ;  dead. 

Julian  Putnam,  Stoneham;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  19. 
Ephraim  A.  Perry,  Stoneham ;  wounded  at  Baltimore,  April  19. 
Augustus  M.  Parker,  Stoneham  ;  4th  New  Hampshire. 
Joseph  W.  Pennell,  Stoneham;  5th  Mass.,  Co.  K,  100  days. 
Andrew  Robbins,  Stoneham;  wounded  in  head  with  pistol-ball, 

Apr.  19,  and  returned  home. 

James  D.  Sanborn,  Stoneham ;  captain  in New  Hampshire. 

Henry  A.  Stevens,  Stoneham. 

Henry  F.  Stoddard,  Stoneham ;  dead. 

Benj.  F.  Tay,  Jr.,  Stoneham ;  Co.  C,  50th  Mass. 

John  B.  Wheeler,  Stoneham ;  3d  Mass.  Battery ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 

Archelaus  Welch,  Stoneham ;  Lieut.  33d ;  wounded  and  discharged. 

Wm.  H.  Young,  Stoneham  ;  wounded,  brick,  Apr.  19,  and  unfit  for 

duty  ;  detailed  as  Hos.  Stew.  June  10  ;  3d  U.  S.  Cavalry. 


C|xe  Him  i$fln:%'  Campaign, 


THE  NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 


REGIMENTAL    ORGANIZATION. 

HEN,  in  the  year  1862,  the  call  of  the  Govern 
ment  was  made  for  men  to  serve  nine  months, 
the  quota  of  Massachusetts  was  seventeen 
regiments  and  one  battery ;  and  the  Sixth,  for 
the  second  time,  gave  the  first  response.  It 
reported  in  Washington,  ready  for  duty,  before 
any  other  regiment  arrived.  It  preserved  the  same  or 
ganization,  with  such  changes  of  officers  and  companies 
as  such  times  would  inevitably  produce.  Seven  com 
panies  were  the  same, namely,  A  (Lowell),  B  (Groton), 
C  and  D  (Lowell),  E  (Acton),  H  (Lowell),  and  I 
(Lawrence).  Company  F  (Lawrence)  was  partially 
recruited  for  the  present  campaign,  and  then  was  con 
solidated  with  company  I.  The  place  of  the  old 
company  F  was  filled  by  a  new  company  from  Cam 
bridge  ;  and  the  old  company  G  was  supplied  by 


142         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

company  G  from  Lowell  ;  and  company  K,  a  new  com 
pany  from  Chelmsford  and  the  neighboring  towns, 
completed  the  ten.  With  these  exceptions,  the  regi 
mental  organization,  with  the  old  books  and  papers,  was 
identical  with  that  of  the  three  months,  and  was,  in  fact, 
the  old  State  organization  preserved  and  continued,  with 
about  seventy-five  officers  and  men,  among  whom  during 
the  campaign,  were  twenty-seven  commissioned  officers, 
who  had  served  during  the  three  months  ;  so  that  the 
Sixth  of  the  "  Nine  Months'  "  campaign  was  the  "  Old 
Sixth  "  of  the  "  Three  Months,"  and  of  Baltimore,  and 
of  the  Nineteenth  of  April.  The  history  of  the  original 
seven  companies  having  been  given  in  the  account  of  the 
three  months'  campaign,  it  remains  to  trace  the  remain 
ing  three.  Company  F  was  recruited  expressly  for  the 
nine  months'  campaign,  and  was  mustered  in  last  of  all 
the  companies.  Companies  G  and  K  were  also  recruited 
for  the  campaign,  and  have  no  previous  history  ;  and  these 
three  new  companies  sustained  themselves  throughout 
in  a  manner  fully  worthy  the  place  they  occupied  in  the 
regiment.  Of  the  privates,  324  were  born  in  Massa 
chusetts  ;  while  112  were  born  in  Maine,  107  in  New 
Hampshire,  32  in  Vermont;  and  168  were  born  in  foreign 
countries,  England,  Ireland,  France,  Canada,  etc.  319 
followed  the  different  mechanical  trades,  giving  some  to 
every  one  -ever  heard  of ;  132  were  farmers,  50  were 
clerks,  and  141  worked  at  various  departments  of  manu 
facturing,  mostly  in  cotton  or  woollen  factories.  There 


THE   NIXE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          143 

were  10  sailors,  several  theological  and  other  students,  1 
clergyman,  1  physician,  and  printers,  teamsters,  teachers, 
apothecaries,  and  one  or  more  following  almost  every 
branch  of  business  known  in  New  England,  with  the 
exception  of  the  legal  profession.  There  was  not  a 
lawyer  in  the  regiment,  —  a  remarkable  fact. 

THE  DEPARTURE  AND  PROGRESS. 

At  length,  at  half-past  ten  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of 
September  9th,  the  regiment  left  Camp  Wilson,  Lowell, 
for  the  seat  of  war,  and  without  incident,  except  the 
greetings  from  crowds  of  people  at  every  railroad  depot 
on  the  route,  reached  Boston  at  noon.  The  United 
States  official,  Q.  M.  McKim,  ordered  the  regiment  di 
rectly  across  the  city,  to  the  Providence  Railway  Station, 
and  thus  deprived  it  of  a  handsome  collation  that  had 
been  provided  for  it  by  the  state  authorities,  and  of  the 
Governor's  farewell  and  God-speed. 

Taking  the  will  of  Boston  and  Massachusetts,  and  es 
pecially  of  Governor  Andrew,  never  deficient  in  good 
offices  for  the  soldier,  for  the  deed,  the  regiment  left  the 
Providence  Station  at  about  four  o'clock,  and  proceeded, 
through  continuous  groups  of  applauding  people,  assem 
bled  all  along  the  road,  to  Groton,  Conn.,  where  the  regi 
ment  embarked  on  board  the  Steamer  Plymouth  Rock. 

In  the  early  morning,  the  regiment  debarked,  and 
moved  up  to  Union  Park,  under  a  misapprehension  ;  for 
the  "  Sons  of  Massachusetts"  were  in  waiting  at  the 


144          THE   NINE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Shore-Line  Depot,  where  it  was  expected  to  arrive  ;  but 
after  a  while  the  hospitable  committee  found  it,  and  a 
bountiful  breakfast  was  furnished  the  men  at  the  Park 
Barracks,  while  the  officers  were  entertained  at  the  Astor 
House.  Col.  Howe,  Massachusetts  State  Agent,  pre 
sided  ;  the  divine  blessing  was  invoked  by  Chaplain 
Hanson  ;  and  addresses  were  made  by  Hon.  Parke 
Goodwin,  Gen.  Wetmore,  Rev.  Dr.  Hitchcock,  Hon.  E. 
A.  Alger,  Maj.  C.  A.  Stott,  and  others.  The  occasion 
.  passed  off  unexceptionably. 

At  about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  regiment 
moved  for  the  Jersey  Ferry ;  and  a  more  enthusiastic 
ovation  never  greeted  a  body  of  soldiers  than  met  the 
Sixth.  The  whole  route  was  packed  with  men  cheering, 
and  women  waving  handkerchiefs  and  flags  ;  while  the 
doors,  windows,  and  balconies  were  thronged  with  the 
smiling  and  cheering  populace.  A  cannon  greeted  it 
from  the  roof  of  the  New  England  Rooms,  as  it  passed 
down  Broadway ;  and  it  left  the  city  with  a  most  cordial 
valediction. 

The  journey  to  Philadelphia  was  marked  by  nothing 
eventful.  We  arrived  at  about  ten  o'clock,  p.  M.,  and 
the  reception  here  will  never  be  forgotten  by  officers  or 
men.  It  made  the  blood  leap  with  electric  force  to  see 
that  the  men  of  other  States  knew  our  history  so  well ;  and 
we  resolved  more  than  ever  that  the  page  written  in  the 
blood  of  Needham,  Whitney,  Taylor,  and  Ladd,  should 
be  followed  by  pages  as  illustrious. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          145 

A  delegation  met  us  at  Camden,  N.  J.,  headed  by 
Major  Henry  ;  and  on  our  way  into  the  city,  Mr.  Thomas 
Webster  addressed  Col.  Follansbee.  In  the  course  or 
his  remarks  he  said  :  — 

*  *  The  Sixth  Massachusetts  has  but  to  be  named  to  be 
honored.  The  recollection  of  its  steadiness  and  bravery  in  the 
streets  of  Baltimore,  on  the  19th  of  April,  1861,  when  suddenly, 
savagely,  and  cowardly  assailed  by  traitors  and  ruffians,  from 
their  windows,  their  house-tops,  and  in  their  streets,  is  familiar  to 
the  nation,  and  has  passed  into  history.  First  to  shed  its  blood  in 
defence  of  law,  order,  and  right,  may  it  be  its  privilege  to  combat 
on  that  final  field  which  cannot  be  far  off,  where  treason  shall  be 
crushed,  traitors  exterminated,  and  Union  re-established. 

Men  of  Massachusetts,  it  is  the  glory  of  your  patriot  sires  that 
they  inaugurated  the  revolution  ;  it  is  yours,  that  you  have  had 
the  proud  distinction  of  being  the  first  to  shed  your  blood  in  de 
fence  of  our  precious  inheritance,  against  the  assaults  of  rebellion 
and  anarchy,  and  the  first  to  wreak  vengeance  on  the  audacious 
wretches  who  rally  under  the  unholy  standard  of  revolt  and  seces 
sion. 

Lexington, —  the  19th  of  April,  1775, —  is  illustrious  in  our 
annals,  and  glorious  to  Massachusetts  ;  but  not  more  glorious  to 
the  old  Bay  State,  than  Baltimore,  and  the  19th  of  April,  1861. 
Justice  Gardner,  Captains  Isaac  Davis,  and  Jonathan  Wilson, 
Sergeant  Elisha  Mills,  and  Deacon  Josiah  Haynes,  —  patriot 
yeomen  of  Massachusetts,  the  first  martyrs  in  the  cause  of 
American  liberty,  —  sleep  in  honored  graves,  and  their  memory 
is  revered  by  generation  after  generation. 

Sumner  H.  Needham,  of  Lawrence,  Addison  O.  Whitney,  of 
Lowell,  and  Luther  C.  Ladd,  of  Lowell,  of  your  own  gallant 
corps  — ,  the  first  to  die  for  the  cause  of  self-government  and 
10 


146  THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

order,  —  are  names  not  less  hallowed  by  every  loyal  American 
citizen. 

His  eloquent  speech  was  frequently  applauded  ;  and  at 
its  close  Col.  Follansbee  responded  in  behalf  of  the  reg 
iment.  His  words  were  few,  but  soldier-like,  and  to 
the  point.  He  accepted,  in  behalf  of  his  command,  the 
hospitalities  of  the  city,  and  paid  a  high  and  deserved 
compliment  to  Philadelphia,  but  could  not  promise  to 
remain  in  the  city  longer  than  to  refresh  his  men,  as  it 
was  his  duty  to  proceed  to  the  front,  in  obedience  to  orders. 
The  officers  were  sumptuously  entertained  at  the  Con 
tinental,  and  the  men  at  the  Cooper  Saloon,  where  not 
only  substantiate  but  luxuries  were  profusely  spread  be 
fore  them.  Immense  crowds  attended  them  at  every 
step,  and  the  whole  city  seemed  poured  into  the  streets 
to  do  them  honor. 

The  following  address  was  printed,  and  laid  on  each 
man's  plate :  — 

Union  Saloon's1  Welcome  ! 

Hail  to  the  Massachusetts  Sixth  ! 

"Wednesday  evening,  September  10,  1862. 

Hail  to  you,  noble  old  Sixth  of  the  Old  Bay  State  !  The  Key 
stone  State  clasps  hands  with  you.  We  have  fought  with  you. 
Our  blood  has  mingled  with  yours.  Our  sons  have  fallen  with 
you.  Our  honors  are  united  forever. 

Hail  to  you  !    Welcome  ! 

1  The  Philadelphia  Volunteer  Refreshment  Saloons,  after  having  hospi 
tably  entertained  more  than  a  million  soldiers,  were  closed  in  August, 
1865. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          147 

Again  you  are  going  forward  to  do  battle  for  our  common 
country.  It  is  the  highest  honor  any  man  can  seek  in  this  life. 
You  have  won  it :  you  may  proudly  wear  it. 

Hail  to  you  !  Thrice  welcome  ! 

We  follow  you  fast.  You  will  find  many  of  our  state's  children 
already  in  the  field ;  and  they  will  pour  down  after  you  in  such 
overwhelming  numbers  that  your  combined  powers  will  instantly 
sweep  away  all  traces  of  infamous  rebellion.  This  fresh  and 
mighty  northern  wind  will  blow  into  annihilation  the  insidious 
pestilence  that  is  seeking  to  rot  the  heart  of  our  land,  and  vigorous 
health  will  once  more  course  in  the  veins  of  our  old  UNION  made 
new. 

Hail  to  you !  Our  welcomes  as  you  come ,  our  blessings  as 
you  go ! 

We  will  not  say  be  strong :  you  have  proved  your  strength. 
We  will  not  say  be  patient :  you  have  endured  insults  as  well  as 
blows.  But  we  do  say,  that  the  19th  of  April,  1861,  can  never 
fade  from  our  minds  till  life  itself  fades.  We  have  faith  in  you, — 
an  unswerving  faith. 

GOD  BLESS  YOU,  AS  WE  SAY  FAREWELL. 

After  the  repast  was  finished,  Mr.  James  Milliken 
addressed  the  regiment,  and  Dr.  Burnham  responded. 
Rev.  Abel  C.  Thomas,  of  Philadelphia,  once  chaplain  of 
the  regiment  before  the  war,  replied  to  a  sentiment  in 
reference  to  the  chaplain,  who  had  accompanied  the 
regiment  as  far  as  New  York,  and  had  returned  home  to 
complete  his  arrangements ;  and  he  assured  all,  from  his 
knowledge  of  the  chaplain,  he  would  not  only  lead  their 
devotions,  but  would,  if  the  occasion  called,  fight  as  well 
as  pray.  After  an  exchange  of  cheers,  the  men  retired 


148         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

to  repose.  The  Philadelphia  "  North  American  "  devoted 
two  columns  to  the  reception  of  the  regiment,  in  the  course 
of  which  it  said  :  — 

"  The  Sixth  Massachusetts  Infantry  will  live  in  history.  *  Like 
the  Sixty  Ninth  of  New  York,  and  the  Second  Regiment  of  the 
Reserves  of  Pennsylvania,  they  have  made  their  ineffaceable  mark 
in  the  record  of  this  struggle.  Their  adventures  in  the  earlier 
stages  of  the  war  are  known  to  every  school  child  among  us.  *  *  *  : 
Regiments  like  this  are  produced  but  rarely.  From  the  colonel 
downward,  there  is,  in  the  appearance  of  every  man,  a  superiority 
that  commands  respect." 

At  eleven  o'clock,  the  regiment  left  Philadelphia,  arriv 
ing  in  Baltimore  at  7,  P.  M.  Here  a  great  reception  had 
been  prepared,  but  the  lateness  of  the  hour  of  arrival 
permitted  only  a  part  of  it  to  transpire.  An  immense 
crowd  of  people  escorted  them  through  the  principal 
streets,  and  the  greatest  enthusiasm  prevailed,  and  was 
exhibited  in  cheers  long  and  loud,  —  cheers  for  Massa 
chusetts,  the  Old  Sixth,  and  the  Union;  the  soldiers 
vainly  trying  to  match  the  shouting  of  the  people.  The 
flag  which  the  regiment  carried,  presented  by  the  ladies 
of  Baltimore,  July  4th,  1861,  was  hailed  with  every  mani 
festation  of  delight ;  and  the  fair  donors  rewarded  the 
regiment  for  its  tender  care  of  the  memorial  by  waving 
handkerchiefs  and  cheering  smiles.  The  regiment  ar 
rived  in  Baltimore  on  the  forty-eighth  anniversary  of  the 
repulse  of  the  British  troops  at  Fort  McHenry,  which 
served  to  make  the  event  one  of  greater  enthusiasm. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          149 

After  supper  at  the  Relief  Rooms,  the  regiment  started 
at  midnight  for  Washington.  Owing  to  a  collision  on  the 
track  in  advance  of  th  3m,  the  train  was  delayed  several 
hours  near  the  familiar  locality  of  the  Relay  House,  and 
many  of  the  officers  and  men  visited  the  scenes  of  their 
three  months'  encampment.  A  heavy  rain  did  not  throw 
cold  water  enough  to  cool  the  ardor  of  the  men  ;  and  they 
reached  Washington  cheerful  and  happy,  a  little  after 
noon.  If  they  had  not  enjoyed  such  hospitalities  already, 
the  reception  in  Washington  would  have  been  pronounced 
as  surprising,  as  it  was  generous  and  gratifying. 

They  were  quartered  for  the  night  at  the  "  Soldier's 
Rest ; "  and  Gen.  Casey,  to  whom  Col.  Follansbee  had 
reported,  ordered  the  regiment  to  Fortress  Monroe.  It 
started  early  in  the  morning,  a  portion  of  the  men,  under 
Col.  Follansbee,  in  the  steamer  John  A.  Warner,  and  the 
rest,  under  Lieut.-col.  Beal,  in  the  Swan.  The  weather 
was  pleasant ;  the  men  had  plenty  of  room  ;  and  the  his 
torical  objects  along  the  banks  of  the  Potomac  afforded 
great  satisfaction  to  the  soldiers,  many  of  whom  looked 
upon  them  for  the  first  time. 

ARRIVAL   IN    SUFFOLK. 

Arrived  at  Fortress  Monroe,  Gen.  Dix  ordered  the  reg 
iment  to  Suffolk  ;  and  the  Warner  transferred  her  load  to 
the  Connecticut,  and  that  steamer  and  the  Swan  con 
veyed  the  regiment  to  Norfolk,  and  after  a  night's  sleep 
in  the  steamers,  at  the  wharf  in  Norfolk,  it  proceeded  to 


150          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Suffolk,  on  the  Norfolk  and  Petersburg  Railroad.  The 
ride,  for  a  portion  of  the  way,  is  through  the  strange 
vegetation  of  the  Dismal  Swamp  ;  and  the  dead  trees, 
with  their  drapery  of  Spanish  moss  (Tillandsia  Usneoi- 
des~),  and  the  glossy  evergreens  constituting  the  under 
growth,  the  rhododendron,  andromeda,  and  other  shrubs, 
gave  a  charming  novelty  to  the  journey.  Suffolk  was 
reached  in  the  afternoon  of  Monday,  the  15th  inst.,  and 
the  tents  were  pitched  in  an  orchard,  arid  life  in  camp 
was  fairly  inaugurated.  At  this  time,  Suffolk  was  an 
outpost  of  Norfolk,  and  was  occupied  by  a  force  of  about 
five  thousand  men,  under  command  of  Gen.  0.  F.  Terry. 
It  was  then  a  pretty  village,  somewhat  slipshod,  as  is  the 
manner  of  Southern  villages,  with  a  population  consisting 
mainly  of  women,  children,  and  superannuated  old  men ; 
loyal,  in  the  southern  acceptation  of  the  term,  that  is, 
willing  to  hold  their  property,  should  the  government  be 
sustained.  Interspersed,  of  course,  were  all  shades  of 
negroes,  having  the  F.  F.  V.  blood  unmistakably  coursing 
in  their  veins.  In  its  palmy  days,  Suffolk  had  a  popula 
tion  of  about  twenty-five  hundred,  dependent  on  its  ne 
groes,  who  produced  lumber  from  the  swamp,  and  sup 
ported  their  owners  with  the  profits.  At  this  time,  the 
negroes  were  doing  nothing :  their  owners  had  fled ;  and 
the  women  and  few  men  remaining,  too  proud  to  work, 
but  not  too  noble  to  beg,  lived  largely  on  the  charity  of 
Government.1 

1  By  looking  at  the  map,  the  reader  will  see  the  situation.    We  occupied 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          151 
CAMP   LIFE   COMMENCED. 

Tuesday,  September  16th,  the  routine  of  camp  life 
commenced.  The  common  "  wedge"  tents  were  received, 
into  each  one  of  which  five  soldiers  were  stowed,  while 
the  officers  were  comfortably  quartered  in  "  flies." 
Hardly  were  we  domiciled,  when,  on  the  17th,  Gen. 
Terry  notified  his  command  that  an  attack  was  liable  to 
be  made,  at  any  moment,  by  a  rebel  force  of  thirteen 
thousand  men,  reported  as  being  in  the  neighborhood. 
At  midnight,  ammunition  was  received,  and  sixty  rounds 
were  delivered  to  each  man  ;  and  at  four  o'clock  the  next 
morning  a  line  of  battle  was  formed,  waiting  an  attack, 
in  vain.  During  the  day,  the  men  were  engaged  in  ob 
structing  an  artillery  road,  and  were  constantly  ready  to 
resist  an  assault.  Gen.  Dix,  commander  of  the  depart 
ment,  came  up  from  Fortress  Monroe,  to  view  the  dispo 
sition  of  troops. 

From  this  time,  the  men  of  the  regiment  were  actively 
employed  :  some  on  picket,  others  in  cutting  trees,  and 
others  in  constructing  rifle-pits,  forts,  and  other  intrench- 
ments.  During  the  more  than  eight  months  of  our  stay 
in  Suffolk,  a  line  of  works,  nine  miles  in  extent,  flanked 
by  the  Dismal  Swamp,  was  erected ;  and  the  first  spade- 

the  eastern  bank  of  the  Nansemond,  and  the  rebels  the  western  bank  of 
the  Blackwater.  About  two  miles  out,  the  two  railroads  that  traverse 
Suffolk  cross  each  other,  —  the  Petersburg  going  northwest  to  the  city  of 
that  name,  and  the  Weldon  southwest,  to  North  Carolina.  This  belt  of 
country  is  some  twenty  miles  in  width. 


152         THE  NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

ful  of  earth  was  thrown  up  by  a  working  party  under 
Lieut.  Iladley,  of  the  Sixth. 

DEPORTMENT  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 

On  Sunday,  the  21st,  divine  service  was  celebrated 
for  the  first  time  in  camp,  the  chaplain  having  arrived  in 
the  night  of  the  19th.  Sunday  was  usually  observed  by 
the  exhibition  of  a  quieter  demeanor  than  usual,  on  the 
part  of  the  men,  and  by  a  general  abstinence  from  the 
amusements  and  employments  of  camp  life.  For  a  few 
Sundays,  a  great  deal  of  fatigue  labor  was  ordered  by  the 
general  in  command,  until  after  a  memorial  had  been 
drawn  and  presented  to  him  by  the  chaplain  of  the  Sixth, 
signed  by  most  of  the  chaplains  of  the  post,  when  the 
custom  was  discarded.1  The  regiment  was  true  to  its 
New  England  antecedents  ;  for,  whenever  the  assembly 
was  sounded,  on  Sunday,  the  men  generally,  though  al 
ways  voluntarily,  attended  service.  Several  hundred 
usually  formed  a  square  in  front  of  head  quarters,  the 
chaplain  standing  on  a  box,  behind  a  pile  of  drums,  and 
discoursing  briefly,  to  an  attentive  audience,  with  singing 
of  the  first  order.  Worship  was  always  had,  when  the 

1  The  chaplains  at  this  post  cordially  united  in  consultation  fc*  die 
welfare  of  their  large  and  precious  flocks.  They  represented  the  Presby 
terian,  Lutheran,  Universalist,  Wesleyan,  Episcopalian,  and  Methodist 
Episcopal  Churches ;  and  on  Monday  of  each  week  they  held  harmonious 
and  profitable  meetings,  to  consult  concerning  the  wants  and  interests  of 
their  regiments.  Their  union  of  action  and  spirit  gave  a  very  good  ex 
ample  to  those  of  their  profession  out  of  the  army. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          153 

exigencies  of  the  service  could  possibly  permit.  Two  or 
three  times,  a  chapel  in  the  village,  belonging  to  the  Chris 
tian  Baptists,  was  used ;  but  it  was  too  small,  and  the 
open  air  was  on  the  whole  preferred.  Beside  the  reg 
ular  services  of  Sunday,  a  prayer  meeting  was  held  on 
Sunday  evening,  and  also  on  "Wednesday, —  sometimes 
in  the  streets,  and  at  others  in  the  post-office,  chaplain's, 
or  other  quarters.  Several  men  made  a  profession  of 
religion  during  the  campaign;  and  the  opinion  of  those 
deeply  interested  in  the  moral  welfare  of  the  regiment 
was,  that  the  habits  and  character  of  the  men  improved 
during  the  campaign.  This  was  largely  due  to  the  great 
number  of  letters  constantly  received  from  home.  We 
were  known  in  Suffolk  as  the  "  writing  regiment."  The 
mail-bag  we  regularly  received  was  a  wonder  to  other 
soldiers,  for  it  often  contained  several  hundred  letters  at 
a  time.  These  gentle  messengers  from  home  kept  alive 
and  active  the  restraining  influences  of  social  life,  and 
prevented  many  a  one  from  relapsing  into  the  rough  hab 
its  too  frequently  found  in  camp.  Religious  papers  and 
books  were  procured  and  distributed  in  large  quantities, 
and  cheap  checker-boards,  dominoes,  and  other  amuse 
ments,  served  to  while  away  hours  of  leisure  that  might 
otherwise  have  been  worse  employed.1 

CAMP   LUXURIES  ! 

Nor  should  the  delightful  society  of  several  of  the  offi- 

1  Ours  was  a  writing  regiment.    I  have  counted  two  hundred  and  fifty 
letters  of  a  morning  in  the  mail-bag  for  home. 


154          THE  NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

cers'  wives,  who  after  a  time  joined  the  regiment,  be 
omitted  among  the  civilizing  agencies  that  acted  on  the 
character  and  conduct  of  the  men.  Their  very  presence 
exerted  an  influence  for  good,  and  cheered  the  atmos 
phere  with  social  sunshine.  A  woman  in  camp,  like  "  a 
babe  in  a  house,"  is  "  a  well-spring  of  pleasure." 

On  the  23d,  a  picket  of  eighty — our  first  detail  —  was 
sent  out.  A  reconnoissance  in  force  had  gone  from  other 
regiments ;  and  our  boys,  under  arms,  distinctly  heard 
the  artillery  engaged  in  a  skirmish.  It  was  the  first 
sound  of  real  war  they  had  heard  during  the  campaign, 
and  they  stood  under  arms  during  the  afternoon  with  no 
little  anticipation. 

OUR   BRIGADE. 

On  the  24th,  Maj.-Gren.  John  J.  Peck  arrived,  and 
took  command  of  the  forces  stationed  in  and  near  Suffolk  ; 
and  the  same  day  the  regiment  was  brigaded  with  the 
Thirteenth  Indiana,  and  One  Hundred  and  Twelfth  and 
One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  New  York,  and  placed  under 
the  command  of  Col.  R.  S.  Foster,1  of  the  Thirteenth 
Indiana.  We  were  afterwards  brigaded  with  the  New 
York  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-Ninth,  and  Pennsylvania 

1  Col.JFoster  and  staff  were  as  follows :  Colonel  (now  Major  General 
Robert  Sanger  Foster  of  Thirteenth  Indiana,  Acting  Brigadier  General; 
Adjutant  General,  Samuel  M.  Zent,  Thirteenth  Indiana;  Quartermaster, 
Geo.  W.  Rader;  Commissary  of  Subsistence,  W.  G.Wise,  of  Massachusetts 
Sixth ;  Aide-de-Camp,  George  W.  Wells. 


THE   NINE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          155 

One  Hundred  and  Sixty  Fifth  and  One  Hundred  and 
Sixty  Sixth.1  We  always  considered  ourselves  fortunate 
in  being  placed  in  such  relations  with  these  officers. 
With  Gen.  Peck  and  his  staff,  of  which  Major  B.  B. 
Foster,  of  the  Maine  Eleventh,  was  chief,  all  official 
intercourse  was  of  the  pleasantest  character,  and  his 
opinion  of  the  regiment  will  be  seen  by  his  parting 
order,  at  the  close  of  the  campaign,  found  at  the  end  of 
this  sketch.  With  Col.  Foster  our  relations  were  more 
immediate  and  intimate ;  and  all,  men  and  officers,  en 
thusiastically  admired  him.  Gallant,  generous,  aifable,  a 
man,  a  gentleman  and  a  soldier ;  his  appearance  was 
always  the  signal  for  hearty  greetings  from  our  boys. 
His  opinion  of  us  will  be  found  in  the  order  sent  us  at 
our  departure,  printed  at  the  close  of  this  sketch. 

CAMP  CHANGED,  AND  MADE  COMFORTABLE. 

On  the  25th,  we  struck  tents  for  a  new  camp-ground, 
previously  occupied  by  Gen.Wessel's  Brigade  * —  an  eleva 
ted  and  pleasant  spot,  on  which  we  had  "  ample  room 
and  verge  enough"  for  all  the  appointments  of  a  perfect 
camp.  The  streets  were  wide,  the  various  quarters  were  far 
apart,  deep  wells  were  digged,  and  health  and  regularity 
were  consulted  in  as  neat  and  perfect  a  camp  as  is  usually 

1  Our  brigade  was  several  times  changed,  but  was  chiefly  comprised  of 
the  Thirteenth  Indiana,  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  and  One  Hundred 
and  Twelfth  New  York,  One  Hundred  and  Sixty 'Fifth  and  One  Hundred 
and  Sixtv  Sixth  Pennsylvania. 


156         THE   NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

seen.  In  a  short  time  the  boys  began  to  stockade  for 
cold  weather  ;  and  the  various  expedients  devised  for 
stoves,  fire-places,  and  furnaces,  were  creditable  to  the 
ingenuity  of  the  men.  The  mortar  was  Virginia  mud, 
that  "  sticketh  closer  than  a  brother ;  "  the  chimneys  were 
barrels,  or  clay  and  sticks,  or  bricks  in  some  instances ; 
while  the  walls  were  "  daubed  with  untempered  mortar," 
but  were  nevertheless  tight  and  warm.  The  men's  roofs 
were  generally  tents ;  but  the  officers  succeeded  in  ob 
taining  roofs  of  "  splits,"  huge  slabs  of  cedar,  a  sort  of 
compromise  between  a  shingle  and  a  board,  which  kept 
out  the  rain,  though  not  the  wind,  for  often  it  was  diffi 
cult  to  keep  a  candle  lighted.1 

1  A  great  many  accounts  of  the  lack  of  comforts  experienced  by  soldiers 
have  appeared  in  the  prints.  Some  have  boasted  that  they  were  entirely 
destitute  of  the  commonest  conveniences  of  life,  and  seemed  to  take  pride 
in  relating  the  story  of  their  deprivations.  They  had  the  bare  ground  as 
the  floor  to  their  tents;  they  sat  on  their  haunches,  without  chair  or  seat; 
their  beds  were  on  the  ground ;  they  cooked  without  dishes,  and  ate  with 
their  fingers,  and  lived  a  la  pig,  generally.  There  are  times,  of  course,  on 
the  march,  when  all  this,  or  a  part  of  this,  is  necessary.  But  if  one  is  en 
camped  a  week  in  a  place,  if  he  has  any  love  for  civilized  life,  and  pos 
sesses  any  gumption,  he  will  begin  to  accumulate  easy  substitutes  for  past 
comforts.  If  he  cannot  find  old  boards,  by  reason  of  distance  from  houses 
or  fences,  and  if  unable  to  procure  boxes  with  which  to  floor  his  tent,  it 
does  not  take  long  to  split  sticks  of  wood  in  halves  for  a  tolerable  floor  of 
puncheons ;  while  a  bedstead,  chairs,  table,  and  any  other  household  con 
venience,  can  easily  be  extemporized  with  an  axe,  and  the  wood  of  which 
Virginia  forests  are  full.  Our  regiment  had  rough  but  convenient  furni 
ture,  such  as  bedsteads,  chairs,  tables,  and  the  like,  and  a  large  number  of 
log-houses,  with  furnaces  and  chimneys,  made  of  wood,  clay  etc. ;  and, 
though  coarse  and  rough,  our  accommodations  were  really  excellent. 
Yankee  ingenuity  always  kept  us  comfortable. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          157 

The  quarters  of  the  writer  of  this  were  a  rustic  cottage, 
in  an  ornamental  style  of  architecture,  constructed  of  red 
cedar  and  cypress,  with  the  bark  on,  the  interstices  filled, 
and  the  inside  plastered  with  mud,  and  lined  with  illus 
trated  newspapers  and  shelter  tents,  and  the  shingled 
roof  covered  with  tent-flies,  so  that  it  was  handsome,  dry, 
and  warm.  The  bricks  were  exhumed  from  an  old  cel 
lar,  on  the  principal  street  in  Suffolk,  the  remains  of  a 
house  destroyed  by  Cornwallis  on  his  march  to  York- 
town,  so  that  the  little  cabin,  20x20,  was  quite  commo 
dious  and  picturesque  and  historical. 

FORAGING. 

Anxious  for  the  good  name  of  his  regiment,  on  reach 
ing  this  ground  the  colonel  made  a  little  speech,  —  direct 
and  to  the  point,  —  urging  the  boys  not  to  maraud  ;  at  the 
close  of  which  he  received  hearty  cheers,  as  an  assent  to 
his  words,  and  a  proof  of  the  estimate  in  which  he  was 
held.  I  believe  few  acts  of  marauding  were  ever  com 
mitted  by  them,  aside  from  that  little  foraging  that  the 
soldier  feels  entitled  to,  and  that  few  officers  care  to  treat 
harshly. 

But  it  was  on  this  day,  the  25th,  that  the  Confisca 
tion  Act  took  effect,  —  an  extraordinary  measure  it  was 
thought  by  many,  —  and  when  it  was  convenient  to  get  a 
little  pork  or  poultry,  or  a  few  vegetables,  to  eke  out  the 
proverbial  "  salt  mule  "  that  so  many  have  spoken  of  but 
never  seen,  it  was  usually  done.  Should  a  stray  pig 


158          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

come  within  reach,  and  refuse  to  give  the  countersign,  he 
was  brought  to  with  a  bayonet  (a  four-runner  of  the  fate 
of  the  property  of  rebels) ,  and  soon  after,  the  agreeable 
smell  of  roasting  pork  "  wasted  its  sweetness  on  the  Suf 
folk  air."  About  this  time,  I  remember  I  saw  a  fellow 
enjoying  some  fine-looking  sweet  potatoes.  "  Do  you 
draw  those  ?"  said  I.  "  Yes,  sir,"  said  he.  u  How  do 
you  do  it  ?  "  "  Oh,  easy  enough,  —  ly  the  tops  !  " 

THE    FIRST   BLOOD    SHED. 

The  first  casualty  in  the  regiment  occurred  on  the  last 
day  of  September,  when  Lieut.  S.  G.  Blood,  in  practis 
ing  with  his  revolver,  accidentally  put  a  ball  through  his 
foot,  which  disabled  him  from  duty  for  several  weeks. 

CAMP   FARE. 

The  fare  of  camp  was  helped  out  considerably  at  this 
time  by  sweet  potatoes,  scuppernong  grapes,  persim 
mons,  chinkapin  nuts,  etc.,  which  would  find  their  way 
into  camp  from  the  surrounding  country.  To  a  New 
Englander,  the  vegetation  presented  a  peculiar  look.  The 
cypress,  gum,  sweet  bay,  magnolia,  rhododendron,  holly, 
and  laurel  abound ;  and  the  air  is  constantly  blotted  by 
the  buzzard  or  vulture,  watching  his  prey  from  afar,  or 
descending  to  regale  himself  on  some  animal  abandoned 
by  man. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          159 

OUR   POSITION. 

At  the  close  of  the  first  month,  we  had  seen  nothing 
of  war,  having  been,  during  that  time,  acting  the  role  of 
Micawber,  "waiting  for  something  to  turn  up";  but  we 
were  consoled  in  our  inactivity  by  remembering  that 

"  They  also  serve  who  only  stand  and  wait ; " 
for  the  force  of  which  we  constituted  a  part  occupied  a 
threatening  attitude,  at  a  position  about  equi-distant  from 
Petersburg  and  Weldon,  and  thus  co-operated  with  the 
army  of  the  Potomac  and  of  North  Carolina.  Though 
idle,  we  were  not  useless.  As  long  as  we  lay  inactive 
even,  Petersburg  and  the  line  of  the  Blackwater  must  be 
well  fortified,  and  held  by  rebel  forces  that  would  other 
wise  be  able  to  act  against  McClellan  and  Foster. 

COMPANY    RATIONS   AND    SAVINGS. 

During  those  days,  the  provisions  served  were  ample 
in  quantity,  and  generally  good  in  quality.  Obtained 
as  they  were  ,  in  such  immense .  quantities ,  occasion, 
ally  an  inferior  article  would  of  course  come.  But  bread 
or  other  vegetable  or  animal  food,  was  speedily  con 
demned,  if  of  an  inferior  character;  and  in  quality,  the 
rations  averaged  as  well  as  the  same  articles  in  any  New 
England  village.  That  the  quantity  was  ample  will 
appear  from  the  savings  of  the  companies.  Whatever  a 
company  was  entitled  to,  and  did  not  draw,  was  commuted, 
and  returned  to  the  company  in  cash.  There  were  five 


160          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

companies  from  Lowell,  and  one  each  from  Lawrence, 
Cambridge,  Groton,  Acton,  and  Chelmsford.  During  the 
month  of  September,  the  Lowell  companies  saved  $805, 
or  an  average  of  more  than  $61.  The  Lawrence  com 
pany  saved  160.92;  Acton,  133.84;  Groton,  47.36; 
Cambridge,  $27.36  ;  and  Chelmsford,  $74.53.  The  cost 
of  a  ration  (the  daily  allowance  of  food)  in  Suffolk  was 
seventeen  cents. 

AN    ARRIVAL. 

October  1st  the  regiment  was  gladdened  by  the  arrival 
of  the  Seventh  Mass.  Battery,  Capt.  P.  A.  Davis,  from 
Yorktown.  This  corps  was  the  Richardson  Light  In 
fantry,  from  Lowell,  most  of  whom  were  old  friends  of 
many  of  ours;  and,  during  the  rest  of  our  term  of  service, 
the  pleasure  of  our  stay  was  much  increased  by  their 
location  within  a  few  rods  of  our  camp. 

THE    CONTRABANDS. 

Large  numbers  of  contrabands  were  continually  com 
ing  into  our  lines ;  and  all  told  one  story,  and  that  was, 
that  there  was  a  universal  desire  for  freedom  among  the 
colored  people  of  the  South,  and  a  general  expectation 
that  the  hour  of  their  deliverance  from  slavery  was  about 
to  dawn.  They  always  told  that  their  owners  assured 
them  that  lean  fare  and  cruel  treatment  were  meted  to  the 
black  people  by  the  Yankees,  and  that  the  Southerners 
were  their  only  friends.  We  listened  to  many  a  story  of 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          161 

wrong  and  outrage ;  and  day  by  day  the  long  files  of 
dusky  pilgrims  came  in,  with  nondescript  vehicles,  harness 
es  and  animules,  as  the  travellers  styled  them ;  sometimes 
a  horse,  but  as  often  a  mule  or  a  cow,  dragging  the  house 
hold  penates ;  and  while  the  men  were  set  at  work  on  the 
fortifications, — for  then  we  had  not  risen  to  the  sensible 
position  of  colored  soldiers,  —  the  women  and  children 
were  supplied  with  rations  and  clothing,  and  soon  their  lit 
tle  settlements  sprang  up,  neatly  laid  out,  and  filled  with  a 
happy  populace.  Simple-minded,  good-natured,  patient, 
and  possessed  of  a  certain  natural  shrewdness,  we  gener 
ally  found  them  as  intelligent  as,  and  every  way  the 
equals,  and  in  ability  to  take  care  of  themselves  the. 
superiors  of,  the  white  people  left  in  our  neighborhood. 
I  wrote  at  the  time  in  the  Boston  "  Journal "  :  — 
"  The  contrabands  continue  to  come  in  here,  from 
North  Carolina  mostly,  in  schools,  if  such  a  term  is  allow 
able  to  such  a  poor,  ignorant  race.  They  tell  but  one 
story.  Scarcity  at  home,  long-cherished  desires  for 
freedom,  willingness  to  work  for  hire,  love  of  the  Union 
troops,  and  hatred  of  secession.  But  alas,  poor  souls, 
they  little  know  what  to  do  with  themselves,  or  what  is 
before  them  !  I  have  no  doubt  that  their  condition  will 
be  improved,  when  these  troubles  are  over ;  but  there  is 
a  transition  period  between  now  and  then,  during  which 
these  poor  victims  of  generations  of  oppression  must  ex 
perience  much  less  physical  comfort  than  they  yet  have 
done.  Government  sees  that  they  do  not  want ;  and  the 
11 


162         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

able-bodied  men  among  them  —  which  are  few  —  are  em 
ployed  wherever  they  can  be  made  useful.  God  help 
them !  " 

At  first  their  treatment  by  Union  officers  and  men,  was 
in  many  instances,  most  brutal  ;  but  in  a  short  time  a 
better  policy  was  pursued. 

Among  the  "contrabands"  in  our  mess,  first  and 
foremost  stood  the  major's  boy,  Tom  Jones,  the  concen 
trated  essence  of  Africa;  and  after  him  w'ere  Clem,  John, 
Willis,  Lam  Babb,  and  others,  whose  comicalities  helped 
the  mess  far  more  than  any  other  service  they  rendered, 
and  whose  principal  effort  seemed  to  be  always  to  be  present 
when  they  were  not  wanted,  and  always  absent  when 
needed.  Such  was  the  force  of  their  bringing  or  com 
ing  up.  A  volume  could  be  filled  with  reminiscences  of 
our  sooty  attendants,  some  of  whom  —  at  least  Clem  and 
Lam  —  have  since  done  good  service  for  the  country  in 
the  army.  Our  only  reliable  information  of  the  enemy's 
movements  was  derived  through  them;  and  the  com 
manders  of  our  scouting  parties  often  assured  me  that 
they  never  were  deceived  or  betrayed  by  a  negro.  Some 
times  they  exaggerated  numbers ;  but  they  rarely  mistook 
a  fact,  and  never  betrayed  a  trust. 

CONTRABAND   MEETINGS. 

There  was  a  singular  attraction  in  the  religious  meet 
ings  of  the  colored  population  of  Suffolk  ;  and,  fond  of  a 
new  sensation,  I  several  times  entered  their  assemblies 


THE    NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          163 

when  they  were  engaged  in  worship.  At  the  time,  I 
wrote  an  account  of  my  impressions  for  the  Boston  "  Trum 
pet  and  Freeman,"  an  extract  from  which  here  follows. 

I  never  wanted  the  pen  of  a  Dickens  and  the  pencil  of 
a  Hogarth,  combined  in  one  magic  instrument,  as  I  have 
since  I  have  been  here,  in  Suffolk,  Va.,  when  attending 
the  prayer  and  praise  meetings  of  the  negroes  of  the  Afri 
can  Methodist  church. 

Fancy  a  plain,  common-looking  meeting-house,  very 
•  much  like  one  of  our  own  poorest  New  England  country 
chapels,  "  a  little  back  from  the  village  street,"  with  a 
sprinkling  of  army  uniforms  in  the  audience,  but  other 
wise  crowded,  below  and  in  the  gallery,  with  "  God's 
image  carved  in  ebony,"  mahogany,  and  even  lighter 
shades  ;  for  that  horrible  "  amalgamation,"  which  has  been 
so  great  a  possible  bugbear  at  the  North,  is  here  a  patent 
reality.  Both  sexes  and  all  ages  are  present.  And  the 
styles  of  costume  are  a  wonder.  Many  of  them  are  ex 
quisitely  neat ;  but  I  never  knew  what  extravagances  of 
rags  and  ribbons  combined ;  what  tawdry  finery ;  what 
model  dilapidations  in  the  way  of  hats  and  garments,  — 
can  be  made  to  adhere  to  the  "  human  form  divine,"  until 
I  saw  the  hats,  caps,  bonnets,  and  other  garments,  in  such 
a  meeting.  That,  however,  by  the  way. 

The  utmost  decorum  pervades  the  congregation,  till  at 
length  the  preacher,  an  intelligent-looking  mulatto,  enters 
the  pulpit,  and  begins  the  services  of  the  evening.  He 
reads  a  hymn,  "  deaconing  "  the  words  off,  —  a  line  read 


164         THE  NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

at  a  time,  and  then  sung,  —  so  that  his  illiterate  hearers 
can  keep  the  connection ;  and  the  reading  is  of  a  kind 
not  taught  in  any  school  of  elocution,  while  the  singing  is 
really  superb.  The  different  parts  are  not  given  ;  but  the 
soft,  mellow  voices  of  the  women,  and  the  clear,  rich  voices 
of  the  men,  all  in  unison,  render  the  air  with  a  power  and 
effect  seldom  heard. 

The  prayer  is  an  earnest  utterance  of  unfeigned  de 
votion,  characterized,  perhaps,  with  some  marked  depart 
ures  from  the  President's  American,  but,  on  the  whole,  it 
would  do  no  discredit  to  any  Christian,  or  any  church. 

The  sermon  is  peculiar.  Its  construction  is  not  artistic. 
Its  drift  is  frequently  varied  by  eddies, — very  considerable 
eddies ;  but  its  allusions  are  quaint ;  its  appeals  power 
ful  ;  its  utterance  full  of  devout,  if  homely  unction ;  and  it 
has  the  greatest  apparent  effect  on  its  hearers,  if  one  can 
judge  by  the  constant  ejaculations  from  all  parts  of  the 
audience,  of  such  expressions  as  "Dat's  so  /  "  "  De  Lord 
knows  dat  are ! "  "  Bless  God,  yes ! "  and  the  like,  amount 
ing  at  times  to  a  perfect  fusillade  of  comments,  accom 
panied  by  grotesque  words,  and  all  sorts  of  gestures,  not 
even  excepting  hearty  laughter  as  some  point  is  well 
clinched. 

The  sermon  finished,  the  preacher  descends  to  the  altar- 
rail  ;  and  this  is  the  signal  for  several  of  the  leading 
"  brethren  "  to  approach  him,  and  for  such  as  have  been 
pricked  in  the  conscience  by  the  sermon,  to  come  forward 
and  kneel  around  the  altar,  as  "  mourners."  Immediately 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          165 

one  of  the  best  singers  strikes  up  a  devotional  song,  or, 
as  they  prefer  to  call  it,  a  "  spiritual  jig,"  usually  to  a 
most  lively  air,  and  with  words  such  as  I  am  unable  to 
find  in  print,  and  suppose  to  be  purely  traditional.  I  have 
taken  down  several  from  their  own  lips.  Here  is  one :  — 

"  Blow,  Gabriel,  blow  ! 
Oh,  how  loud  shall  I  blow  ? 
Loud  as  seven  peals  of  thunder 
From  ebery  church-yard. 
We'll  see  him  as  he  is 
In  dat  eternal  day, 
From  ebery  church-yard ! 

"  We'll  try  on  de  long  white  robes, 
We'll  wear  a  starry  crown, 
Walk  up  and  down  'de  golden  streets. 
From  ebery  church-yard, 
We'll  see  him,  &c. 

"  You'll  hear  King  Jesus  say, 
Oh,  Father,  these  are  they 
Who've  come  up  through  tribulation. 
From  ebery  church-yard ! 
We'll  see  him,  &c." 

Here  the  whole  audience  drop  on  their  knees,  and  a 
fervent  prayer  is  offered,  the  words  of  which,  though 
shouted  at  the  top  of  powerful  lungs,  are  not  distinguish 
able  amid  the  shouts,  groans,  ejaculations,  and  sometimes 
shrieks  of  the  excited  multitude.  Such  expressions  as 
these  are  heard  :  "  Don't  'top  yet !  "  "  Pray  away!  " 
"Pray  away!"  "Bear  down,  bear  down,  brudder!" 


166          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

When  the  prayer  is  finished,  all  rise,  and  another  "jig" 
is  snug.     Here  is  one :  — 

"  Go  seek  him  early  in  the  morning, 
Go  seek  him  early  in  the  morning, 
Go  seek  him  early  in  the  morning, 

I  hope  I  shall  join  dat  band. 
I  hab  a  little  time,  it  is  not  long, 
I  hab  a  little  time,  it  is  not  long, 
I  hab  a  little  lime,  it  is  not  long, 

I  hope  I  shall  join  dat  band." 

Other  verses  follow,  ad  libitum,  by  substituting  "Pray 
ing  soon,  early,"  &c. ;  or  u  Religion  soon,  early,"  &c.  ; 
or  any  other  words  that  strike  the  fancy  of  any  of  the 
worshippers  ;  and  then  comes  another  prayer,  perhaps  as 
excellent  as  would  be  heard  in  almost  any  social  religious 
gathering,  with  the  accompaniment  already  referred  to. 

Sometimes  some  well-known  hymn  would  be  sung,  al 
most  solus,  such  as  "  Come,  ye  that  love  the  Lord,"  &c., 
with  a  chorus  like  this  :  — 

"  Brethren,  move  round  de  altar, 
Brethren,  move  round  de  altar, 
De  Lord  will  answer  prayer." 

One  very  lively  song  was  usually  sung  when  some  soul 
among  the  mourners  had  been  made  happy.  It  ran  on 
this  wise :  — 

"  Oh,  mourner,  whar  was  you, 
Oh,  mourner,  whar  was  you, 
Oh.  mourner,  whar  was  you, 
When  de  Lord  was  passin'  by  ? 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          107 

He's  bin  hyar,  he's  bin  hyar, 
He's  blest  my  soul  and  gone  ! 
He's  bin  hyar,  he's  bin  hyar, 
And  dare's  glory  in  my  soul ! " 

Substituting  the  word  seeker,  brother,  sister,  sinner, 
or  any  other  word,  for  mourner,  gives  any  number  of 
stanzas  that  the  enthusiasm  of  the  meeting  can  sustain. 
I  was  very  much  interested  in  the  fact  that  the  worshippers 
would  pray  with  great  fervor  for  our  soldiers.  One  elo 
quent  petition  referred  to  them  as  dashing  through  the 
"  roar  of  cannon,  the  smoke  of  battle,  and  the  flash  of  the 
rifle,"  and  supplicated  the  Divine  protection  for  them,  in 
terms  that  would  have  done  honor  to  any  prayer.  I  re 
call  some  of  the  words  of  .one  of  their  freedom  songs  :  — 

"  Go  down,  Moses, 
Way  down  Egypt's  land, 
Tell  King  Phar'oh 
Let  my  people  go. 

"  De  Lord  told  Moses  what  to  do : 

Go  away  down  Egypt's  land, 
Lead  the  children  of  Israel  through 
Way  out  of  Egypt's  land.  " 

And  much  more  of  the  same  irregular  structure,  but  to 
the  same  purpose. 

During  the  singing  of  these  songs,  the  whole  congre 
gation  was  thoroughly  alive.  Some  were  keeping  time 
by  a  constant  tramping  of  their  feet ;  others  would  raise 


168          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

and  let  fall  both  hands  as  far  as  they  could  ;  others  would 
bow  the  head  in  keeping  with  the  time  ;  while  some  would 
leap  back  and  forth  in  the  aisle,  or,  if  the  crowd  was  too 
dense,  up  and  down,  as  though  striving  to  go  over  the 
heads  of  the  rest ;  and  one  girl  sprang  into  the  pulpit, 
with  her  hands  swinging  above  her  head,  and  body  and 
head  swaying,  and  feet  moving  in  the  precise  attitude  of 
a  waltz  ;  while  one  venerable  old  lady,  "  darkly,  deeply, 
beautifully"  black,  seized  a  gallant  New  York  colonel 
near  me,  and  spun  him  round  and  round  before  he  could 
extricate  himself,  dashing  me  from  their  swift  and  eccen 
tric  orbit ;  while  others  meanwhile  were  shaking  hands, 
laughing,  slapping  shoulders,  and  in  general  ecstasy.  It 
was  a  scene  not  soon  to  be  forgotten. 

But  the  inexorable  rule  of  the  provost  marshal  cuts  off 
all  devotion  at  half  past  eight ;  and  the  excellent  colored 
preacher  dismisses  his  flock  with  a  benediction,  keeping 
right  along  in  the  same  tone  of  voice,  "  And  now,  don't 
ye  go  to  loafing  round  after  you  leave  here,  but  go  right 
straight  home,  all  of  you ;  if  ye  don't,  ye'll  jist  get  chucked 
into  the  guard-house,  and  good  enough  for  you,  too !  " 

Of  course  one  cannot  help  seeing  the  grotesque  that 
overlays  what  is  said  and  done  ;  but  no  one  who  surveys 
the  scene  candidly  can  avoid  perceiving  and  acknowledg 
ing  that  there  is  much  genuine  devotion,  and  that  the 
manner  of  conducting  the  worship  is  adapted  to  minds 
that  would  not  be  reached  by  the  colder  and  more  formal 
worship  that  characterizes  the  colder  temperament  of  a 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          169 

more  phlegmatic  people.  Though  the  act  is  unlike  our 
own  devotion,  it  is  still  true,  that  in  such  ways  "  Ethiopia 
stretches  her  hands  to  God." 

Among  my  reminiscences  of  the  colored  people,  at  that 
early  stage  of  the  war,  before  our  government  had 
recognized  their  manhood,  or  had  learned  to  treat  them 
better  than  mules  were  treated,  I  recall  my  efforts  to  ob 
tain  some  of  the  lines  printed  above.  So  interested  was 
I  in  the  exercises  that  I  found  it  impossible  to  report  the 
words  they  sang ;  and  so.  one  day  I  asked  a  venerable 
darkey  I  met  in  the  street,  and  whom  I  had  heard  singing 
in  the  congregation,  to  repeat  some  of  their  songs.  He 
asked  me  if  I  wanted  a  "  book  piece,"  or  a  "  holy  jig." 
Of  course  it  was  the  jig  I  desired,  and  he  began  to  en 
deavor  to  recall  some  of  the  pieces ;  but  not  a  line  would 
enter  his  cranium.  At  length  I  said,  "  Sing  one !  " 
and  sure  enough,  without  the  least  difficulty,  he  struck 
out  into  one,  and  pausing  at  the  end  of  each  line,  to  give 
me  space  to  report,  he  would  go  back  to  the  beginning, 
and  sing  on  to  the  line  I  required.  Of  course,  some  of 
the  lines  were  repeated  a  great  many  times ;  but  I  suc 
ceeded  thus  in  obtaining  what  I  have  reported  above,  and 
many  besides. 

I  might  also  illustrate  the  liberality  of  those  simple- 
minded  people,  by  relating  another  incident.  The  col 
ored  preacher  of  the  congregation  above  alluded  to  came 
to  my  quarters,  and  earnestly  invited  me  to  attend  his 
church  one  Sunday,  and  administer  the  communion.  Ask- 


170          THE  NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

ing  private  Fields,  who  was  also  a  Methodist  clergyman, 
to  accompany  me,  and  with  an  audience  of  white  and 
black,  of  ministers  and  laity,  and  of  many  denominations, 
we,  a  Uriiversalist  and  Methodist  preacher,  administered 
the  communion.  It  seemed  a  foregleam  of  the  millen 
nium,  as  we  all  worshipped  together ;  for,  though  speak 
ing  many  sectarian  dialects,  we  were  united  in  one 
spirit. 

WELCOME   TO    SUFFOLK. 

It  afforded  us  pleasure  to  be  welcomed  by  the  citizens 
of  Suffolk,  w^ith  the  assurance  that  they  preferred  a 
Massachusetts  regiment  to  any  other,  having  had  expe 
rience  with  one,  the  Sixteenth,  once  stationed  there. 
This  gave  us  a  new  desire  to  do  nothing  unworthy  the 
name  of  our  noble  old  Commonwealth ;  and  I  am  proud 
to  say  that  the  campaign  closed  without  any  disgrace 
being  inflicted  on  the  honored  fame  of  Massachusetts  by 
any  of  our  officers  or  men. 

MASONIC    MEETINGS. 

One  of  our  social  pleasures  consisted  in  masonic 
greetings.  A  regimental  lodge  was  held  in  the  room 
of  the  Suffolk  Lodge  (organized  in  1790)  ;  and  officers 
and  men,  from  various  regiments,  frequently  assembled 
to  celebrate  the  rites  of  the  mystic  fraternity. 

HOME   ALLOTMENTS. 

At  this  time,  the  "  allotment "  system  was  just  begin- 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          171 

ning  to  work ;  and  large  numbers,  instead  of  wasting 
their  income  in  sutlers'  trash,  had  made  an  allotment 
to  their  families  of  ten  dollars  a  man ;  so  that  each 
one's  family  could  draw  that  large  proportion  of  his  pay 
of  the  State  Treasurer.  In  company  C,  101  men  allot 
ted  an  average  of  ten  dollars  a  month. 

OUR    FIRST    EXPEDITION. 

October  3d  we  achieved  our  first  expedition.  We 
went  out  to  support  an  expedition  against  Franklin,  the 
report  of  whose  guns  we  had  heard  for  several  hours. 

We  moved  in  silence.  Orders  were  given  in  low 
tones.  No  music  was  allowed.  Only  the  katydid  and 
locust,  with  sibilant  voices,  were  heard,  as  we  plodded  on 
in  the  glorious  light  of  the  moon.  A  little  way  on  we 
met  two  ambulances  coming  in.  In  one  was  stretched 
the  stiffening  body  of  a  man  just  slain,  and  in  the  other 
were  the  poor  fellows  who  were  wounded.  Ah,  that 
told  us,  more  eloquently  than  words,  on  what  an  errand 
we  were  out ;  and  I  could  not  help  saying,  Who  will  be 
the  fated  ones  who  will  never  return,  and  over  whose 
remains  dear  ones  will  never  lean,  but  who  will  perhaps 
lie  in  unmarked  graves  in  these  swamps  or  woods  ? 
Thus  we  went  on,  and  at  length  the  moon  went 
down,  and  the  narrow  road  pursued  its  way  through 
swamp  and  forest,  the  tall  cypresses  hanging  their  ven 
erable  beards  of  Spanish  moss,  and  the  lofty  pines 
rising  like  spires,  mixed  with  the  sweet  gum,  the  oak, 


172  THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

and  the  red  cedar,  —  till,  exhausted  with  loss  of  sleep, 
with  hunger  and  fatigue,  at  four  in  the  morning  we 
reached  an  open  space  in  the  woods,  in  front  of  a  farm 
house  occupied  by  a  woman  and  her  three  little  ones, 
whose  negroes  had  all  run  away,  the  husband  and  father 
being  with  Jackson.  Here  we  tried,  for  a  short  time,  to 
make  ourselves  comfortable,  our  regiment  forming  in 
line  of  battle  with  guns  stacked,  while  the  men  lay 
around  them  and  slept.  As  for  myself,  I  took  the  ac 
coutrements  from  my  horse,  picketed  her  to  a  tree,  gave 
her  some  oats,  ate  a  little  bread  and  raw  bacon,  and, 
lying  down  on  my  saddle,  dozed  a  short  time  on  my  first 
bivouac,  when  we  were  again  roused,  and  camp-fires  were 
built,  and  the  men  cooked  their  breakfast  of  sweet  pota 
toes  found  in  the  fields,  and  of  frizzled  pork,  and  ham, 
and  bread.  Our  position  was  near  Western  Branch 
Church,  so  called,  —  a  little  country  school-house-looking 
building,  standing  alone  in  a  majestic  forest ;  and  we 
were  to  hold  a  road  here,  and  prevent  any  rebel  force 
from  descending,  from  the  direction  of  Petersburg,  to  cut 
off  the  return  of  our  advance  forces. 

With  an  Ohio  regiment,  and  a  regiment  of  mounted 
riflemen,  we  kept  our  position  under  arms  till  the  force 
returned,  when  we  resumed  our  march,  arriving  home 
at  about  seven  in  the  evening,  having  accomplished 
some  twenty-two  miles  within  twenty  hours. 

The  men  bore  it  finely,  though  some  of  them  were 
rather  used  up.  I  left  the  regiment  about  six  miles 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          173 

before  it  reached  home,  and  pushed  on  alone,  in  order 
to  have  a  good  supper  ready  for  the  men  on  their  arrival. 

Old  campaigners,  who  know  the  heavy  roads  there 
abouts,  the  creeks  to  wade,  the  ditches  of  mud  to 
fathom,  and  the  hardships  to  be  met  by  new  troops 
on  their  first  march,  after  a  week  of  hard  digging  on 
fortifications,  will  know  what  a  trying  tramp  this  must 
have  been. 

This  section  of  country  is  all  after  one  pattern :  wide 
tracts  of  forest ;  at  long  intervals  "  plantations,"  on  which 
scattering  stalks  of  corn,  long  and  lean,  stand  on  a  thin 
and  famished  soil ;  roads  of  the  wretchedest  kind ;  houses, 
with  rare  exceptions,  perfect  tumble-down  concerns,  in 
habited  by  old  men,  women,  and  children ;  and  a  gen 
eral  poverty-strickenness  everywhere.  Really,  of  itself 
alone, not  worth  conquering;  and  were  it  not  for  the  prin 
ciple  involved  in  this  struggle,  we  often  said  that  we 
should  be  better  off  without  than  with  such  a  tract  as 
South-eastern  Virginia. 

Probably  no  subsequent  military  experience  has 
equalled  the  impression  made  on  the  minds  of  us  "  raw 
recruits  "  by  that  lonely  and  almost  silent  march  through 
the  forest ;  the  halt  to  load  and  fix  bayonets,  in  moment 
ary  expectation  of  meeting  the  enemy,  and  that  most 
exhilarating  of  sights,  so  often  enjoyed  afterwards,  the 
night  bivouac,  when  the  camp-fires  are  lighted,  and  as 
far  as  the  eye  can  penetrate  the  darkness,  the  stirring 


174          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

scenes  of  the  supper  are  exhibited,  soon  followed  by  the 
silence  of  the  sleeping  host. 

DEATH    IN    GAMP. 

October  6th,  we  lost  our  first  man  by  death.  Alonzo 
M.  Woodward,  of  company  E,  of  Boxboro',  aged  twenty- 
six  years,  died  of  typhoid  fever.  He  was  an  excellent 
man.  His  body  was  embalmed  and  sent  home,  as  were 
subsequently  the  bodies  of  all  our  dead.  Not  one  rests 
in  the  adhesive  mud  of  Virginia,  except  those  who  died 
in  rebel  hospitals,  hereafter  mentioned.  On  the  llth 
inst.,  Luke  Lovrien,  of  Lowell,  company  D,  died  of 
asthma.  He  was  a  patriotic  man,  but  too  old  to  endure 
the  hardships  of  camp-life,  his  age  being  about  fifty. 

The  most  of  the  month  of  October  was  pleasantly 
passed  :  the  weather  was  fine,  and  drilling,  brigade  and 
division  reviews,  and  arranging  quarters  for  cold  weather, 
and  making  themselves  comfortable  generally,  occupied 
the  men.  The  weather  was  for  the  most  part  as  warm 
as  a  New  England  June. 

A  brisk  skirmish  was  had  outside  the  lines,  near  the 
Blackwater,  on  the  15th,  between  our  cavalry  and  the 
rebels,  and  orders  were  received  for  us  to  keep  one  hun 
dred  and  fifty  rounds  of  ammunition  on  hand  at  all 
times. 

SUPPLIES   FROM   HOME. 

On  the  8th,  several  large  boxes  from  the  city  of 
Lowell  were  received  through  Hon.  H.  Hosford,  mayor, 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          175 

containing  all  sorts  of  comforts  and  luxuries.  It  was 
pleasant  then  and  subsequently,  on  the  arrival  of  city 
or  private  boxes,  to  witness  the  distribution  of  the  arti 
cles,  and  the  enjoyment  of  the  boys,  as  they  received 
them.  Their  contents  were  rejoiced  over,  and  added  a 
great  deal  of  pleasure  to  those  who  received  and  shared 
them  with  others. 

THE   HOSPITAL. 

The  exertions  of  Surgeon  Burnham,  ever  careful  to 
secure  good  accommodations  for  the  sick,  obtained,  as 
our  regimental  hospital,  one  of  the  best  buildings  in  Suf 
folk,  the  residence  of  a  clergyman,  surrounded  with  a 
garden,  and  embowered  in  trees  ;  and,  during  our  stay, 
we  found  plenty  of  room,  and  the  best  of  care  and  at 
tention  for  all  who  became  its  inmates. 

MARCH   TO    THE   BLACKWATER. 

On  the  24th  inst.,  we  started  on  a  reconnoissance, 
with  a  force  about  4,000  strong  ;  and  during  a  march  of 
two  days  we  accomplished  about  fifty-one  miles  (resting 
but  nine  hours  in  all) ,  —  more  than  twice  the  distance 
necessary  to  accomplish  all  the  objects  of  the  expe 
dition.  The  reason  was,  "  some  one  had  blundered  ;  " 
and  we  were  half  the  night  stumbling  in  the  darkness  to 
find  our  way  back  from  the  wrong  into  the  right  road  ; 
and  the  result  was,  the  infantry  and  artillery  failed  to 
reach  the  position  from  which  they  could  support  the 


176          THE   NINE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

cavalry,  until  it  was  too  late  for  the  latter  to  make  what 
otherwise  might  have  proved  a  successful  raid. 

We  went  to  the  Blackwater,  to  a  point  about  half  way 
between  Zuni  and  Franklin,  where  we  lay  until  the  cav 
alry  crossed  by  fording,  and  went  as  far  as  Zuni,  re- 
crossed  and  returned,  when  we  took  the  homeward 
march.  We  captured  five  of  the  enemy's  pickets,  but 
saw  no  rebel  force,  and  met  no  rebel  resistance,  except  a 
few  shots  from  their  pickets.  A  little  forage  arid  a  good 
deal  of  experience  in  marching  was  the  sum  total  of  ad 
vantage  that  remained. 

The  country  over  which  we  went  resembles  the  most 
of  this  part  of  Virginia,  and  consists  of  vast  level  tracts 
of  forest,  Avith  an  occasional  plantation  or  smaller  farm, 
with  mostly  dilapidated  buildings,  and  a  general  appear 
ance  of  slip-shod  about  everything.  Most  of  the  men, 
with  the  exception  of  the  old,  are  gone ;  and  women, 
negroes,  and  children  seem  to  constitute  the  population. 
But  what  besides  poverty  could  prevail  in  a  section  where 
the  raising  and  selling  of  "  niggers  "  and  the  distilling 
and  drinking  of  applejack  had  so  long  been  the  chief 
business  and  employment  ? 

Apropos  of  applejack,  this  diabolical  fluid  —  a  sort  of 
cross  between  camphene  and  fire-and-brimstone  (distilled 
from  cider)  —  is  one  of  the  worst  enemies  our  soldiers 
encountered.  A  small  drink  sets  a  soldier's  brain  on  fire, 
with  the  fearfullest  frenzy  of  drunkenness  possible  to  man. 
In  passing  along  our  route,  an  officer  was  detailed  to  pre- 


THE   NitfE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          177 

cede  the  column,  and  destroy  what  liquors  could  be  found. 
Riding  to  the  front,  on  the  banks  of  the  Blackwater, 
I  saw  our  pickets,  on  the  very  brink  of  danger,  so  drunk 
that  they  could  scarcely  sit  their  horses  ;  and  I  do  not 
wonder  that  our  army  has  sometimes  been  surprised  by 
the  enemy.  One  soldier  from  a  Western  regiment,  in  an 
altercation  with  a  comrade,  was  struck  over  the  head 
by  a  blow  that  broke  his  skull,  and  drove  the  hammer 
of  the  lock  into  his  brain.  The  surgeon  left  him  for 
dead,  in  charge  of  another ;  and,  on  the  arrival  of  the 
regiment  in  camp,  preparations  were  made  for  his 
funeral,  and  his  grave  was  dug.  But  when  the  rear 
guard  of  cavalry  came  along,  not  clearly  understanding 
the  case,  he  was  made  to  mount  a  horse  and  ride  home, 
a  dozen  miles.  He  did  so,  and  then  walked  a  half  mile 
from  the  cavalry  camp  to  his  own,  passing  by  his  grave^ 
and  recovered. 

About  the  first  of  November  many  of  the  regiment 
were  detached  to  man  the  heavy  guns  in  the  forts,  and 
to  serve  in  the  batteries.  They  occupied  those  positions 
till  their  term  of  service  expired. 

HYPERBOREAN   WEATHER. 

On  the  7th  of  November,  though  in  the  "  Sunny 
South,"  we  were  all  startled  from  our  propriety  by  wak 
ing  in  the  morning  to  see  a  couple  inches  of  snow,  and  a 
driving  storm,  followed  by  snow  on  the  ground  and  bleak 
weather  for  several  days,  making  us  think  of  home  ;  and 
12 


178         THE   NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

great  exertions  were  necessary  to  keep  the  quarters  com 
fortable,  unprepared  as  we  were  for  such  a  change  ;  for 
the  weather,  day  and  night,  had  continued  delightful  up  to 
that  date.  All  working  parties,  camp  guard,  etc.,  were 
dispensed  with  during  the  day.  That  apocryphal  person 
age,  "  the  oldest  inhabitant,"  was  reported  to  have  de 
clared  that  it  was  the  coldest  weather  for  sixty  years.1 

THE   LAKE   OF*  THE   DISMAL   SWAMP. 

On  the  llth,  the  weather  became  as  warm  as  before  the 
storm,  and  it  was  improved  by  the  Chaplain  and  Assist 
ant  Surgeon  Humphrey,  who  made  a  pretty  excursion  to 
the  Lake  of  the  Dismal  Swamp,  some  ten  miles  outside  of 
our  pickets,  in  the  heart  of  the  swamp.  The  voyage  was 
made  in  a  flat-bottomed  boat,  propelled  by  two  negroes 
from  the  shore.  It  was  a  unique  trip,  though  nothing 
was  seen  of  that  fair  maid,  who 

"  Down  in  the  Lake  of  the  Dismal  Swamp, 

All  night  long,  by  her  fire-fly  lamp, 

Paddles  her  white  canoe." 

On  the  15th,  Corp.  Orrin  Park,  a  good  soldier,  belong 
ing  to  company  A,  of  Dracut,  aged  twenty-four,  died  of 
typhoid  fever,  after  a  brief  illness. 

ANOTHER   RECONNOISSANCE. 

On  the  17th,  we  were  all  in  line  at  one  o'clock,  p.  M., 
on  a  pleasant  day,  with  three  days'  rations,  and  our  faces 

1  I   asked  my  contraband  the  reason  of  such  weather,  and  he  replied : 
"  I  speck  you  folks  brung  it  down  yere !  " 


THE   NINE'  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         179 

turned  in  the  direction  of  what  proved  to  be  the  ultima 
tTiule  of  our  journeys  southward,  the  Blackwater. 

One  or  two  cavalry  dashes  having  been  made  at  our 
pickets  at  Providence  Church,  some  four  or  five  miles 
out,  about  the  12th  and  13th,  it  began  to  look  as  though 
a  new  order  of  things  was  being  established,  or  that  ad 
ditional  forces,  of  which  these  cavaliers  were  the  advance 
guard,  had  reinforced  the  Blackwater  troops  ;  and  a  large 
force,  consisting  of  3500  infantry,  1000  cavalry,  and  Fol- 
lett's  Battery,  left  Suffolk  for  the  Blackwater  at  day 
break  Tuesday,  for  a  place  about  seven  miles  above  Frank 
lin,  and  thirty  from  Suffolk,  known  as  Ludlow  Lawrence's. 
This  is  one  of  those  immense  farms  where  the  lord  of  the 
plantation  bears  sway  over  his  many  acres  and  his  ebony 
vassals.  The  buildings  were  fine,  and  spoke  of  wealth 
and  power;  the  long  avenue  of  red  cedars,  the  lawns 
and  gardens,  and  the  lavish  display  of  means  of  enjoy 
ment,  gave  a  good  specimen  of  the  gentleman  of  the  F.  F. 
Y.'s.  But  alas,  the  lean  and  famished  acres  of  this  once 
opulent  soil  told  of  the  ruinous  institution  that  impover 
ished  them  ;  while  the  empty  halls  and  rooms  of  the  lordly 
mansion  were  eloquent  in  reprehension  of  the  mental 
madness  that  made  "  unfenced  desolation  "  of  the 
"  Ancient  Dominion."  And  one  solitary  and  ancient 
darkey,  in  one  of  the  negro  huts,  was  sole  survivor,  like 
the  "  Last  rose  of  summer,  left  blooming  alone." 

The  Sixth  Regiment  had  the  post  of  honor  assigned  to 
it,  the  right  of  the  column,  on  this  march,  and  was  moving 


180         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

on  to  cross  the  Black  water  ford,  just  in  the  rear  of  Law 
rence's  house,  when  the  advance  guard  of  cavalry  was 
saluted  by  rebel  shots,  and  by  the  sight  of  three  "  gray- 
backs"  retreating  down  the  bluff  just  across  the  stream  ; 
for  this  Blackwater  River,  though  quite  deep,  as  are 
most  of  the  "  rivers"  in  this  part  of  the  state,  is  no  more 
than  a  good-sized  canal  in  width. 

As  we  pushed  on  a  few  rods  farther,  frequent  and 
rapid  firing  saluted  us,  and  the  battery  was  ordered  into 
position,  and  immediately  commenced  shelling  the  woods 
on  the  opposite  shore,  when  the  rebel  force  skedaddled. 
The  Sixth  supported  the  battery,  and  was  consequently 
immediately  under  fire  ;  though,  as  in  their  fright  the 
rebels  fired  some  thirty  or  more  feet  above  our  heads,  I 
must  say  that  we  were  a  good  ways  under.  But  it  was 
not  the  less  exciting  for  all  that ;  for  as  the  reveille'  saluted 
us,  —  it  was  just  at  daybreak  (and  day  broke  a  little 
louder  than  any  of  us  remembered  to  have  heard  it  be 
fore), —  none  of  us  knew,  of  course,  that  the  humming 
messengers,  whose  ticklish  music  we  for  the  first  time 
heard,  might  not  select  either  of  us  as  their  victim.  I 
was  where  I  could  see  all  our  officers  and  men,  and  I  was 
delighted  to  observe  that  they  were  as  cool  and  uncon 
cerned  in  manner  as  though  going  to  a  holiday  drill. 
As  I  passed  along  the  line,  I  saw  some  of  the  men  filling 
their  pipes  preparatory  to  a  smoke  ;  while  I  —  and  I  might 
as  well  confess  it  —  could  not,  on  two  occasions,  avoid 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          181 

ducking  my  head  as  the  prolonged  hum-m-m  of  the  bul 
lets  tingled  mj  ears. 

When  the  rebels  had  scattered,  company  H,  of  Lowell, 
Capt.  Ferson,  was  sent  across  the  stream  to  support  a 
squad  of  cavalry  ;  and  they  found  the  camp  of  a  regiment 
of  North  Carolina  soldiers.  Had  our  battery  been  able 
to  cross,  we  should  have  gone  over  the  Blackwater ;  but, 
on  reaching  the  place  of  crossing,  we  had  the  misfortune 
to  break  one  of  our  pontoons, —  a  long  canal  boat, —  and 
it  was  not  deemed  safe  to  go  with  that  part  of  our  force 
which  was  at  Lawrence's.  We  were  misled  —  for  the 
first  time  since  we  have  had  forces  in  Suffolk  —  by  the 
information  given  us  by  a  contraband.  But  the  ford  had 
been  destroyed  by  the  enemy,  who  had  been  warned  of 
our  coming  with  pontoons. 

While  we  held  our  position  we  heard  part  of  our  pro 
gramme  being  carried  out,  in  the  shape  of  heavy  cannon 
ading  at  Franklin  ;  and  at  about  ten  we  were  ordered  to 
fall  in,  and  proceeded  to  a  point  near  the  Widow  Cobb's, 
some  mile  and  a  half  from  Franklin,  where  we  found  the 
rest  of  our  battery  in  position,  vigorously  shelling  the 
woods  some  two  miles  off,  across  the  stream.  Before  our 
arrival,  when  the  battery  and  cavalry  first  reached  the 
place,  there  was  a  rebel  cavalry  force  on  this  side  ;  but 
they  speedily  placed  running  water  between  us,  and  re 
turned  our  compliments  with  solid  shot  and  shell,  and 
several  discharges  from  the  famous  Rocket  Battery,  which 
was  captured  from  McClellan. 


182        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Here,  too,  we  held  the  advance,  and  remained  till  our 
battery  had  sent  some  three  hundred  shot  and  shell,  and 
while  the  enemy  had  dropped  the  iron  exponents  of  his 
regard  for  us  all  around  us  ;  and  I  must  say,  little  as  I 
had  admired  the  sound  of  the  minie  bullets,  that  I  was  less 
in  love  with  the  sound  of  shell,  three  of  which  I  saw  drop 
and  explode  within  a  few  rods,  while  several  went  as 
near  to  us  as  we  cared  to  have  them.  But  there  was  no 
flinching  on  the  part  of  our  boys.  Two  of  our  men  — 
James  L.  McKeever  of  the  Cambridge  company,  and 
Luke  Gray  of  Lowell  —  fell  out  of  the  ranks,  and  were 
taken  prisoners.1 

On  the  return  from  this  expedition,  we  enjoyed  the 
pleasantest  bivouac  of  the  campaign,  near  Beaver-Dam 
Church.  The  field  and  staff  found  plenty  of  rails,  which 
were  laid,  one  end  on  the  ground,  and  the  other  on  the 
second  rail  of  the  Virginia  fence,  and,  well  covered  with  fine 
boughs,  they  made  a  bed  beyond  description  refreshing. 

During  the  rest  of  this  month,  little  occurred  of  special 
interest,  as  the  men  were  busy  in  preparing  for  winter, 
and  in  recovering  from  the  fatigues  of  the  expedition. 
The  hospital  inmates  always  increased  in  number,  and 
usually  death  followed  in  the  track  of  a  Blackwater  ex 
pedition.  On  the  return  from  this  march,  Capt.  A.  C. 

1  They  were  fagged,  entered  a  house  to  rest,  when  they  were  gobbled, 
and  carried  to  Richmond.  They  were  shortly  after  exchanged,  and  went  to 
Annapolis,  whence  Grey  soon  returned  to  camp.  McKeever,  a  Balti- 
morean,  though  he  got  as  far  as  Annapolis,  never  made  his  appearance. 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         183 

Wright,  of  company  A,  applied  for  his  discharge,  and 
his  application  was  granted.1 


ANOTHER  DEATH. 

Private  Chas.  A.  Cutts,  company  D,  Lowell,  died  of 
typhoid  fever,  on  the  25th  ;  and  A.  J.  Herrick,  a  marker, 
formerly  of  company  A,  of  the  same  disease,  the  30th. 
These  were  both  faithful  soldiers  and  excellent  men. 

THANKSGIVING. 

A  Blackwater  expedition  was  ordered  on  the  26th ;  but 
a  heavy  rain  setting  in,  it  was  "  postponed  on  account  of 
the  weather."  This  was  pleasant  news ;  for,  the  night 
before,  we  had  received  more  than  two  tons  of  roasted 
poultry,  pies,  puddings,  etc.,  from  home  ;  and,  on  the  pre 
vious  Sunday,  the  Governor's  proclamation  of  Thanks 
giving  was  read  in  church,  and  all  were  anticipating  the 
festivities  of  that  time,  for  which,  all  over  the  land,  thou 
sands  of  feathered  bipeds  had  been 

"  Butchered  to  make  a  Yankee  holiday." 

The  27th  was  indeed  a  holiday  in  camp.2  The  rough 
"  board  "  (literally)  of  each  soldier  contained  the  tradi- 

1  At  this  time  we  received  the  news  of  McClellan's  removal.   There  were 
many  in  the  regiment  who  admired  him,  but  the  course  of  the  government 
was  fully  acquiesced  in.     No  one  would  have  known  that  any  change  had 
taken  place  by  the  conduct  of  the  soldiers. 

2  For  a  long  time  there  was  no  little  foraging,  to  forelay  that  poultry 
without  which  the  genuine  New  Englander  feels  that  the  honored  festival 
is  not  duly  kept.     To  secure  that  article  there  was  many  a  fowl  proceeding 


184         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

tional  luxuries  of  the  day,  —  roast  turkey,  plum  pud 
ding,  pies,  fruit,  —  all  from  home,  with  the  cooking 
done  by  beloved  hands,  so  that  it  had  the  familiar  taste 
and  flavor,  and,  under  such  circumstances,  more  than 
the  usual  relish.1  The  day  was  full  of  pleasant  inci 
dents  that  might  be  chronicled.  I  wonder  if  a  certain 
corporal,  who  received  two  fine  turkeys,  roasted,  from 
home,  and  who,  in  the  fulness  of  his  heart,  gave  one 
away,  remembers  that  he  gave  away  the  wrong  one,  and 
recollects  the  hearty  laugh  that  went  round  camp,  when 
the  receiver  of  the  gift,  in  carving  the  fowl,  found  that 
his  knife  would  not  cut  through  the  dressing,  which,  on 
further  investigation,  turned  out  to  be  a  little  black  bot 
tle,  the  contents  of  which  would  hardly  have  got  into 
camp  in  any  other  way,  but  would  probably  have  gone 
down  the  neck  of  some  provost  marshal  ? 

All  sorts  of  games  were  indulged  in,  the  most  mirthful 
of  which  was  the  sack-racing,  by  our  colored  servants. 
Tied  up  in  a  bag,  each  one  did  his  best  to  outstrip  the 
others,  and  the  result  was  side-splitting  in  the  extreme. 
Now  Clem,  now  Tom,  now  Lam,  was  ahead ;  and  the  spec- 

in  the  vicinity  of  our  camp;  though  it  must  be  confessed  that  the  chief  re 
liance  of  the  boys  was  a  long  way  off,  and  that  they  expected  something 
good  from  home. 

1  There  was  not  a  canvas  roof  of  ours  in  Suffolk  whose  occupants  did 
not  fondly  remember  and  bless  the  wives  and  sisters,  the  mothers  and 
daughters,  and  all  the  other  home  folk  far  away;  and  the  blue-coated 
boys  in  each  rough  log  camp  were  more  than  ever  desirous  that  the  wheels 
of  time  should  roll  more  rapidly,  and  transport  them  to  "  home,  sweet 
home." 


THE  NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        185 

tators  were  convulsed  with  laughter,  until  the  goal  was 
reached,  and  the  prize  was  won.  Thanksgiving  in  camp 
will  long  be  remembered.  A  large  number  of  spectators 
was  present,  among  whom  was  the  rare  and  welcome 
spectacle  of  beautiful  Northern  ladies.  The  sight  of 
them  rejoiced  our -hearts  for  a  moment,  until  each  of  us 
was  saddened,  as  he  remembered  "  the  girl  he  left  be 
hind  him." 

"  THREE    DAYS'    RATIONS." 

Dec.  l,at  twelve,  M.,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  report 
at  the  South  Quay  Bridge,  at  three  o'clock.  Fatigue  parties 
and  pickets  were  called  in,  and  all  was  ready  at  the 
appointed  time.  The  force  consisted  of  twenty-three 
hundred  infantry,  eight  hundred  cavalry,  and  six  pieces 
of  artillery,  —  the  Seventh  Massachusetts,  —  all  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Spear,  of  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania 
Cavalry,  a  gallant  officer  as  ever  charged  a  foe.  He 
was  a  Boston  boy,  a  pupil  of  the  old  Franklin-Street 
School,  and  early  entered  the  City  Guard,  and  the 
United  States  Dragoons.  He  served  through  the  Flor 
ida  war,  went  to  Mexico,  where  he  was  seriously  wounded 
at  Cerro  Gordo,  in  the  memorable  charge  under  Harney. 
He  was  promoted  to  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  for  gallant 
conduct.  Major  Stratton,  as  well  as  Colonel  Spear,  was 
a  Massachusetts  man,  born  in  Greenfield.  The  quarter 
master  —  Mr.  Sherman  —  was  a  Lowell  boy  ;  so  that 
though  this  gallant  corps  was  a  Pennsylvania  one,  it  was 
officered  by  Bay  State  boys. 


186         THE    NINE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

A  curious  coincidence  attended  us  on  this  march. 
When  the  Seventh  Battery  was  originated,  it  was  in 
tended  to  be  company  G  in  the  Sixth  regiment.  It 
entered  the  service,  however,  as  Richardson's  Light 
Infantry,  eighteen  months  before,  and  served  as  such  a 
year  at  Fortress  Monroe,  when  it  became  a  battery.  It 
had  done  good  service  in  garrison  and  as  artillery,  but 
never  moved  on  any  expedition  promising  real  work, 
until  it  left  camp  with  the  Sixth,  which  entered  the 
service  a  year  and  a  quarter  after  it. 

We  marched,  with  a  brief  halting,  till  after  sunrise 
next  morning,  when  we  camped  around  Beaver-Dam 
Church,  three  miles  from  Franklin.  We  were  comfort 
ably  cooking  our  breakfast,  when  the  mounted  pickets 
brought  our  commander  news  that  sent  all  his  available 
men  to  their  saddles,  and  we  soon  saw  that  finest  of  mili 
tary  spectacles,  a  cavalry  charge.  Mounted  on  splendid 
horses, — bold  riders  and  brave  officers,  led  by  Major 
Stratton, —  this  crack  corps  swept  like  a  tornado  through 
our  ranks,  and  out  of  sight.  Soon  we  heard  firing,  and 
knew  that  work  was  going  on  ;  and  ere  long  the  bespat 
tered  squadron  returned,  with  prisoners  and  spoils.  We 
learned  from  them  that  they  encountered  a  force  equal 
to  their  own, — four  companies,  —  with  the  addition  of 
two  pieces  of  the  Rocket  Battery.  This  latter  "gun" 
throws  a  rocket  with  great  force,  and  accompanied  by  a 
fearful  noise,  that  introduces  the  utmost  confusion  among 
horses,  and  it  has  long  been  the  terror  of  our  cavalry.  It 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          187 

consists  of  fourteen  pieces,  presented  to  General  McClel- 
lan,  and  then  taken  from  him  by  the  rebels,  on  the  Penin 
sula. 

Our  men  charged  with  the  greatest  impetuosity  on  the 
foe,  who  made  no  resistance,  but  put  their  horses  on  their 
wind  and  mettle,  to  escape  over  the  Blackwater.  But 
they  were  overtaken  about  a  mile  out  of  Franklin,  and 
twenty  cavalry  and  battery  men  were  captured,  —  most  of 
whom  were  more  or  less  sabred,  —  together  with  thirty- 
five  guns,  horses,  saddles,  etc.,  but  most  important  of  all, 
—  a  prize  that  elated  the  captors  immensely  and  justly, — 
two  of  the  guns,  a  caisson,  and  the  horses  and  men  of  the 
Rocket  Battery.  At  the  request  of  Colonel  Spear,  one 
of  the  gunners  shot  off  fcur  of  the  rockets,  and  the  sight 
was  novel  enough  to  us  all. 

The  captured  men  answered  the  description  we  had 
all  so  often  read  of  secesh  soldiers.  Clad  in  coarse  but 
ternut  or  gray  clothing,  with  the  cheapest  saddles  and 
military  equipments,  and  with  a  famished  expression  of 
countenance,  their  appearance  told  of  their  poverty,  while 
the  avidity  with  which  they  seized  food  and  coffee  spoke 
of  their  long  hunger.  One  told  me  that  his  drink  of 
coffee  was  "  worth  three  dollars,  sure,  for  it  is  not  rye 
coffee,  but  coffee  coffee." 

The  battery  was  composed  of  men  from  Halifax  coun 
ty,  Va. ;  and  the  cavalry  was  the  Second  Georgia,  Colonel 
J.  R.  Griffin,  commander.  I  conversed  with  those  who 
were  not  too  much  injured  to  talk.  With  one  exception, 


188         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

they  assured  me  that  they  were  forced  into  the  rebel 
service,  and  that  they  were  rejoiced  at  the  opportunity 
to  take  the  oath  of  fidelity  to  the  government ;  that  the 
war  was  ruining  everything  in  the  South,  and  that  they 
longed  to  see  it  close.  Their  colonel  was  out  with  them, 
but  having  a  better  horse  than  his  followers,  he  succeed 
ed  in  escaping,  reversing  the  Scriptures,  which  declare 
that  "  a  horse  is  a  vain  thing  for  safety." 

Next  morning,  the  chaplain,  as  usual,  rode  into  camp 
ahead  of  the  regiment,  to  forward  dispatches,  and  have 
warm  food  ready  for  the  boys  on  their  arrival.  Frr 
twelve  miles,  through  a  desolate  realm,  on  a  most  dismal 
day,  he  saw  not  a  soul  but  one  ancient  darkey,  in  a  re 
gion  intersected  with  cross-roads,  and  just  the  place  for 
"  guerillas."  Two  of  our  pickets  were  shot  on  this  road, 
two  miles  from  camp,  the  following  night. 

CHANGE   OF   CAMP. 

On  the  6th  of  December,  Gen.  Wessel's  brigade 
having  gone  to  North  Carolina,  we  were  ordered  to  oc 
cupy  their  camp,  and  take  their  position  at  the  front. 
We  removed  very  reluctantly,  for  the  place  was  low 
and  swampy,  and  we  at  once  and  unanimously  designated 
it  as  Camp  Misery.  But  we  transported  our  houses,  piece 
meal,  and  our  "  furniture,"  and  at  once  began  to  drain 
and  grade  the  land;  and  ere  long  we  had  a  very  pleas 
ant  camp,  and  one  which  is,  doubtless,  remembered  more 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        189 

kindly  than  either  of  the  others.     A  handsome  engraving 
has  been  published,  representing  Camp  Misery. 

DEATH. 

Alfred  A.  Richardson,  of  company  B,  Groton,  died  of 
diphtheria,  Dec.  8.  He  was  a  young  man  of  promise 
and  character,  aged  about  twenty-two ;  was  perfectly 
conscious  to  the  last,  aware  that  he  was  going,  and  passed 
away  in  perfect  trust  in  God,  finding  the  dying  bed  "  soft 
as  downy  pillows  are.  "  He  laid  off  the  armor  of  battle 
for  that  of  the  celestial  host  on  high. 

At  this  time,  we  received  quite  a  donation  of  useful  ar 
ticles  for  the  hospital,  from  the  Sanitary  Commission. 
We  received  no  hospital  stores  from  any  other  source 
than  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  the  Haverhill  Sol 
diers'  Aid  Society,  Mrs.  E.  P.  Hill,  President,  and  Mrs. 
I.  E.  Chase,  Sec.  and  Treas.,  during  the  campaign. 

Some  amusing  stories  might  be  told  of  our  sentinels. 
One  day  a  Dutchman  from  Pennsylvania  was  being  drilled 
in  his  duties.  After  he  had  received  his  lesson  once, 
his  instructor  caused  him  to  advance  as  though  he  were 
a  stranger,  when  he  called  out,  "  Who  goes  there  ?  " 
"  Donnelson"  was  the  response,  giving  the  countersign. 
Another  demanded  of  a  soldier  if  he  had  a  pass.  He  had. 
He  asked  to  see  it.  It  was  shown.  "  Would  you  have 
the  kindness  to  read  it  to  me  ?"  said  Pat,  for  it  was  not 
a  Dutchman  this  time. 


190          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 
AGAIN    FOR   THE    BLACKWATER. 

The  familiar  order, "  Fall  in  with  three  days'  rations ! " 
was  again  heard  on  Thursday,  Dec.  11.  The  regiment 
was  promptly  on  the  South  Quay  Road,  at  the  appointed 
time,  —  half  past  eleven,  —  and  with  full  ranks,  for  it  was 
always  noticed  with  pride  that  not  even  dress-parade  or 
drill  called  out  so  many  officers  and  men  as  the  prospect 
of  a  hard  march  and  rough  work.  Even  the  hospital 
sent  out  its  inmates,  who  suddenly  discovered  that  they 
were  not  sick,  at  the  prospect  of  a  brush  with  the  foe. 

Our  brigade  had  the  advance ;  and,  after  marching  all 
night,  we  reached  a  place  about  two  miles  below  Zuni,  on 
the  Blackwater,  where  we  intended  to  cross  with  our 
pontoon  train ;  but  we  found  the  place  so  swept  by  a  fire 
of  rebel  sharpshooters  as  to  make  the  sacrifice  of  life  too 
great,  until  that  force  was  disposed  of;  and  the  cannonad 
ing,  dictated  by  a  proper  regard  for  our  own  men;  so  noti 
fied  those  we  went  out  to  visit,  that  we  concluded  not  to 
cross,  as  we  might  easily  have  done. 

When  we  first  reached  the  place,  we  found  a  force  of 
rebel  sharpshooters  in  rifle-pits,  guarding  the  only  avail 
able  crossing  ;  and  even  there  the  water  was  some  twelve 
feet  deep.  The  Thirteenth  Indiana  had  the  front  as  skirm 
ishers,  and  company  I  (of  Lawrence),  Capt.  Hamilton,  was 
with  them.  The  rest  of  the  Sixth  stood  in  support  of  How 
ard's  battery.  The  fire  of  the  rebels  was  rapid  and  exact. 
Almost  as  soon  as  company  I  was  in  position,  a  rebel  fired 
at  Lieut.  Barr,  and  killed  him  almost  instantly  by  a  ball 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         191 

through  the  heart.  He  was  seeking  to  keep  his  men  in 
cover,  with  too  little  regard  for  himself,  when  he  fell. 
He  had  placed  one  man  in  position,  and  was  just  direct 
ing  another,  when  the  fatal  messenger  came /"He  stepped 
forward,  saying,  "  I  am  shot !  "  and  continued  his  direc 
tions  to  his  men.  His  last  act  was  to  serve  those  com 
mitted  to  his  care  :  his  last  words  were  in  behalf  of  his 
men.  This  was  the  first  death  in  battle  the  regiment  had 
experienced.  He  was  a  most  estimable  man,  beloved  by 
his  company  and  regimental  associates,  and  held  by  his 
colonel  in  high  regard.  He  fell  nobly,  though  so  early 
in  life.  Let  his  townsmen  and  countrymen  pray  to  be 
found  at  the  end  of  life  doing  their  duty  as  was  he. 
Lieut.  Barr  was  born  in  Fall  River,  and  was  about 
twenty-two  years  old. 

The  rest  of  the  regiment  remained  in  support-  of  the 
battery;  and  two  companies  of  the  Thirteenth  Indiana 
crossed  the  river  at  a  point  about  an  eighth  of  a  mile  distant, 
and  approached  the  enemy's  rifle  pit  under  cover,  to  within 
a  short  distance,  when  with  loud  cheers  they  rushed  upon 
the  foe,  who  had  not  time  to  run,  but  at  the  sight  of  the 
cold  steel  they  surrendered.  There  were  three  killed  or 
mortally  wounded,  others  slightly  so,  and  twelve  prisoners. 
Some  had  escaped  previously  by  a  trench  leading  to  the 
woods.  We  had  hardly  recrossed,  when  we  were  furi 
ously  shelled  by  a  battery  that  was  run  down  on  the  rail 
road,  —  large  guns  on  platform  cars,  —  a  very  rapid  and 
effective  method.  Here  the  Sixth  was  particularly  ex- 


192        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

posed  to  a  hot  fire,  for  a  long  time,  and  though  there  were 
close  escapes,  there  were  none  injured.  Shells  passed 
among  them,  and  exploded  all  about  them,  but  not  a  h'air  of 
their  heads  differed.  The  regiment  behaved  splendidly. 
One  shell,  the  moment  the  order  to  lie  down  was  obeyed, 
passed  over,  within  two  feet  of  the  ground,  and  struck 
the  earth  within  a  rod  of  the  rear  of  the  line,  and  then 
ricoclietted  over  the  One  Hundred  and  Twelfth  New 
York,  in  the  same  manner.  The  enemy  fired  with  re 
markable  precision.  Several  of  ours  were  hit  in  their 
clothing.  There  were  several  killed  and  wounded  in 
other  regiments. 

Our  battery  silenced  the  enemy's  fire,  when  the  order 
was  given  to  fall  back,  as  the  noise  of  our  cannonading 
had  put  the  force  we  went  out  to  take  on  their  guard, 
and  there  was  therefore  no  utility  in  crossing. 

While  our  engagement  was  going  on,  we  had  a  small 
force  at  Zuni,  and  another  at  Franklin,  shelling  the  enemy 
in  those  places.  The  "  diapason  of  the  cannonade,"  as 
"  the  Death  Angel  touched  the  swift  keys,"  and  sounded 
the  "  miserere"  of  the  battle,  was  among  the  sublimest 
and  most  exhilarating  of  sounds  I  can  imagine  to  fall  on 
the  human  ear. 

In  the  stillness  of  night,  Col.  Follansbee  and  myself 
rode  into  camp,  fourteen  miles.  Liable  at  any  moment 
to  be  challenged  by  guerillas  or  rebel  scouts,  each  kept 
one  hand  in  his  overcoat  pocket,  grasping  his  revolver, 
ready  to  reply  to  a  challenge  with  the  bark  of  the  pistol. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          193 

We  were  unmolested ;  but  the  loneliness  and  excitement 
of  the  ride  will  long  be  remembered. 

The  body  of  Lieut.  Barr  was  escorted  by  the  chaplain 
to  his  home  in  Lawrence,  and  imposing  services  were 
held  in  the  Baptist  Church,  on  Sunday,  the  chaplain  and 
another  clergyman  conducting  the  services.  The  fire 
department  and  citizens  generally  thronged  the  church, 
and  testified  to  their  regard  for  the  departed. 

Notwithstanding  the  unusual  size  of  the  regiment,  it 
rarely  appeared  as  it  should,  in  consequence  of  the  large 
number  detached  to  other  branches  of  the  service.  At 
one  time  nearly  two  hundred  were  thus  detailed.  There 
were  orderlies,  clerks,  and  detailed  men  in  every  part 
of  the  department,  and  not  one  of  them  ever  betrayed 
his  trust,  or  was  punished  for  any  neglect  of  duty. 
Dec.  22d,  Corp.  Leonard  Brown,  company  C,was  detailed 
as  Division  Post-master. 

THREE  DEATHS. 

Nahum  H.  Whitcomb  of  Littleton,  company  E.,  died 
of  pneumonia,  December  12th,  an  upright  man,  an  obe- 
.  dient  and  willing  soldier.  The  eighth  death,  by  disease, 
occurred  Dec.  23d,  when  Hiram  A.  Legro,  company  D,  of 
Lowell,  died  of  swamp  fever ;  and  on  the  following  day 
Corp.  G.  W.  Swain,  company  C,  of  Dracut,  died.  Both 
were  prompt,  efficient,  excellent  soldiers. 

Christmas  was  enjoyed  as  a  holiday    throughout  the 
division.     While  some  of  the  regiments  decorated  their 

13 


194         THE    NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

grounds,  and  celebrated  the  day  with  much  hilarity,  a 
quiet  Christmas  supper  arrived  from  home,  and  furnished 
most  of  the  boys  of  the  Sixth  with  a  handsome  entertain 
ment. 

Dec.  28th,  Spinola's  brigade  left  for  North  Carolina, 
over  land,  and  Gibbs'  brigade,  with  two  sections  of  the 
Seventh  Massachusetts,  went  out  toward  the  Blackwater, 
to  effect  a  diversion  in  their  favor.  A  little  skirmishing 
was  had  with  quite  a  force  under  Gen.  Pryor,  and  the 
designed  effect  was  produced,  in  enabling  Spinola  to  cross 
the  Chowan,  and  reach  his  destination  unobstructed  in 
spite  of  the  Confederate  forces.  The  day  following 
Ferry's  brigade  commenced  its  departure  for  the  same 

place. 

NEW  YEAR'S. 

New  Year's  was  a  holiday ;  and  among  the  excellent 
things  that  made  the  time  pass  off  pleasantly  were 
twenty  boxes  full  of  "  goodies,"  from  the  city  of  Lowell. 
There  were  in  all  about  seven  hundred  packages. 

January  4th,  the  chaplain  returned  to  duty,  after  a 
short  absence,  during  which  he  visited  the  towns  in 
which  all  the  companies  in  the  regiment  were  raised 
and  communicated  to  the  friends  of  the  soldiers  their 
condition,  and  brought  a  large  number  of  letters,  pack 
ages,  and  messages  from  home. 

DEATH. 

January  7th,  Charles  H.  Balcom,  of  company  B, 
from  Pepperell,  died  of  swamp  fever.  Private  Balcom 
had  won  the  respect  of  his  officers  and  fellow-soldiers. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          195 

At  this  time,  our  new  camping-ground,  situated  on  low 
land,  and  in  the  woods,  was  one  vast  pool  of  mire  and 
mud.  Frequent  rain  and  occasional  snow  kept  it  wet 
down  all  the  time  ;  and  locomotion,  except  on  the  railroad 
track,  was  very  difficult.  The  word  "  mud  "  has  a  new 
emphasis  to  all  who  have  waded  through  it  in  the  vicin 
ity  of  Suffolk. 

WISE    PRECAUTIONS. 

On  the  12th,  certain  indications  seemed  to  point 
toward  an  attack  from  the  enemy ;  and  Col.  Foster 
directed,  in  case  of  sudden  attack,  that  five  companies 
should  rally  to  Fort  Nansemond,  four  behind  the  rifle- 
pits  to  the  left  of  the  fort,  and  the  other  to  the  Petersburg 
Railroad  bridge,  which  passed  across  a  deep  ravine,  and 
was  very  defensible.  Gen.  Peck,  about  this  time,  as  we 
then  thought  with  too  much  caution,  was  constantly  on 
the  qui  vive,  and  sent  extra  forces  here  and  there  to  sup 
port  pickets,  and  to  watch,  ready  to  defend  exposed  places, 
and  kept  the  boys  busy  in  strengthening  the  defences ; 
but  we  learned,  after  a  while,  that  his  course  was  a  most 
judicious  one.  A  great  deal  of  complaining  and  fault 
finding  was  indulged  in,  but  much  life  was  preserved ; 
and  perhaps  Suffolk  itself  was  saved  from  capture,  the 
next  April,  by  the  labors  performed  this  winter,  by  order 
of  Gen.  Peck.  Very  much  to  our  astonishment,  a 
Blackwater  expedition  was  organized  on  the  12th,  and 
the  Sixth  Regiment  was  left  out.  We  were  less  sorry 
than  surprised. 


196         THE  NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

At  this  time  Q.  M.  Wise  sent  in  his  resignation.  He 
had  a  fine  business  opportunity,  which  he  thought  he 
could  not  afford  to  lose  for  so  short  a  time  as  remained 
of  the  regiment's  service  ;  and  his  request  was  granted. 
Lieut.  Wise  discharged  the  duties  of  his  office  with  great 
fidelity,  arid  was  entirely  honorable  and  upright  in  all  his 
conduct.  He  was  succeeded  by  Com.  Serg.  Coburn. 

During  the  last  of  January,  the  weather  was  so  warm 
that  ordinary  dress-coats  were  uncomfortable.  Frogs 
were  plenty,  and  mosquitoes  were  not  uncommon. 

DEATH   BY   ACCIDENT. 

January  27th,  Dennis  McCarthy,  of  company  I,  of 
Lawrence,  was  instantly  killed  by  a  falling  tree.  He  was 
at  fatigue  duty  in  the  woods.  He  was  a  faithful  soldier. 

PAY-DAY. 

Wednesday,  January  28th,  came  the  most  agreeable 
day  in  the  calendar  to  the  soldier,  except  the  day  when 
he  honorably  closes  his  term  of  service ;  and  that  was 
pay-day.  It  was  our  first.  What  soldier  has  not  expe 
rienced  its  pleasures  ?  It  is  the  fruition  of  which  the 
mustering-in  is  the  anticipation.  There  is  no  man  so 
welcome  as  the  paymaster,  and  no  day  so  welcome  as 
pay-day,  especially,  if,  as  was  our  case,  five  months  had 
passed,  during  which  nothing  had  been  received.  For 
some  weeks,  letters  had  gone  home  without  stamps,  but 
with  the  chaplain's  endorsement,  so  that  they  could  be 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          197 

paid  at  the  other  end  of  the  route,  and  sometimes  with 
the  significant  words  by  the  writer,  on  the  envelope, 
"  narry  a  red."  All  sorts  of  expedients  have  been 
resorted  to  in  order  to  obtain  the  soldier's  chief  comfort, 
tobacco.  Everything  else,  except  his  rations,  he  has 
long  since  gone  without.  Several  times,  it  has  been 
reported  that  the  pay-master  had  been  seen  in  some 
neighboring  regiment.  One  reports  that  he  heard  he  was 
in  one,  and  another  is  confident  he  is  in  another  place. 
All  the  reports  are  false :  "the  wish  is  father  to  the 
thought."  But  at  last  an  ambulance  is  seen  coming 
toward  camp.  It  stops  before  the  colonel's.  Out 
jumps  a  major,  and  with  him  a  gentleman  dressed  as  a 
citizen,  and  lifting  a  trunk,  which  both  of  them  hold  very 
carefully,  not  ordering  others  to  handle  it  like  a  com 
mon  trunk.  Ah,  it  contains  reams  of  greenbacks.  It's 
the  paymaster !  The  word  "  Greenbacks  !  Green 
backs  !  "  runs  like  fire  ;  and  soon  the  aggregate  length  of 
face  in  the  regiment  has  shrunk  several  yards.  The  pro 
cess  of  paying  commences  immediately.  The  boys  march 
up  by  companies  ;  and,  after  deducting  what  the  sutler  has 
trusted  them,  —  too  often  a  large  sum,  —  the  money  is 
passed  over,  and  the  boys'  pockets  are  lined  once  more. 
Those  who  have  not  allotted  any  portion  of  their  pay 
have  a  goodly  sum,  and  all  have  something ;  and  it  is 
fun,  indeed,  to  go  to  the  sutler's,  the  shops  in  town,  and 
everywhere  that  the  boys  can  visit,  and  see  them  lay  in 
the  good  things.  Aside  from  his  emoluments,  I  really 


198          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

think  I  should  like  to  wear  the  shoulder-straps  of  the 
paymaster,  he  is  so  welcome  wherever  he  goes.  There 
are  several  kinds  of  welcome  that  have  passed  into  prov 
erbs  :  but,  of  them  all,  commend  me  to  a  paymaster's 
welcome,  when  the  boys  have  waited  months  for  their 
pay. 

DESPONDENCY. 

At  this  time,  there  was  a  good  deal  of  despondency  at 
home  ;  and  the  papers  began  to  intimate  that  the  army 
was  discouraged,  and  the  war  a  failure.  It  was  far  from 
that.  I  wrote  at  the  time  in  the  Boston  "  Journal : "  "  It 
is  true  that  the  enthusiasm  with  which  men  are  animated 
on  entering  the  service  soon  evaporates.  It  is  so  always. 
Who  of  us  does  not  know  that  the  position,  to  which  we 
have  struggled  and  aimed  for  years,  when  reached  is 
seen  in  a  different  light,  and  that  possession  is  cool  where 
anticipation  is  ardent?  It  is  also  true  that  there  is 
no  little  fault-finding  and  grumbling.  Where  is  this  also 
not  true  ?  Men  who  at  home  found  fault  with  their  din 
ner  and  the  weather,  cannot  of  course  undergo  the  hard 
ships  of  camp  without  indulging  in  the  old  habit.  The 
boys  feel  far  better  than  one  might  infer  from  hearing 
some  of  their  talk.  For  instance,  one  night  one  of  ours 
was  scolding  generally, —  running  a  muck  at  government, 
the  paymaster,  the  army,  and  so  on.  A  good-natured  fel 
low,  who  perhaps  may  sometimes  have  felt  just  so  himself, 
said  :  "  Suppose  you  heard  a  secesh,  down  town,  talking 
that  way,  what  would  you  do?  "  "  Knock  him  over,'' 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          199 

was  the  quiet  response.  This  anecdote  is  representative. 
We  find  fault ;  we  scold  ;  we  grumble  ;  we  long  to  be  at 
home  ;  but,  if  anybody  thinks  we  are  discouraged  or  de 
moralized,  he  is  infinitely  mistaken.  We  are  here  as 
ready  and  as  efficient  as  ever  we  were  ;  and  I  must  be- 
ieve  that  is  true  of  our  army  generally." 

AGAIN    FOB   THE   BLACKWATER ! 

At  midnight  of  January  29th,  another  Blackwater  ex 
pedition  began  ;  and,  with  three  days'  rations,  and  under 
the  light  of  a  clear  moon,  but  with  the  whole  country 
sheets  of  mud  and  ponds  of  water,  alternately,  we  took 
up  our  line  of  march  on  the  old  and  familiar  road.  Our 
boys  were  as  usual  in  the  finest  spirits,  and  tramped 
along  through  the  "  horrible  pit  and  miry  clay  "  with  as 
much  nonchalance  as  though  a  muster  instead  of  a  prob 
able  battle  were  on  the  tapis. 

The  expedition  was  projected  to  attack  and  rout,  and 
if  possible  capture,  a  large  rebel  force  under  General 
Pryor  (the  redoubtable  hero  who  did  not  fight  Potter, 
and  whom  we  always  found  to  be  a  general  of  retiring 
manners),  known  to  be  in  strong  position  at  the  Deserted 
House,  a  well  known  landmark  to  all  Suffolk  soldiers, 
about  ten  miles  on  the  road  to  Carsville.  Our  forces 
were  all  under  command  of  Gen.  Corcoran,  who  had 
a  portion  of  his  own  brigade,  with  Spear's  Eleventh 
Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  Follett's,  and  the  Seventh  Massa 
chusetts  Batteries,  the  Indiana  Thirteenth,  New  York 


200          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth,  and  Massachusetts  Sixth, 
and  other  infantry. 

The  advance  guard  —  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  —  had 
proceeded  but  six  miles,  when  a  rebel  picket  squad  of  fifty, 
01*  thereabouts,  poured  a  volley  into  them,  seriously  wound 
ing  one  man,  but  inflicting  no  other  damage.  Not  know 
ing  the  number  of  their  assailants,  the  advance  fell  back, 
when  the  Indiana  Thirteenth,  with  fixed  bayonets,  and 
those  cheers  that  have  been  heard  on  many  a  battle-field, 
charged  on  the  unseen  foe,  putting  them  to  rapid  flight. 

We  then  pushed  on  till  we  had  gone  about  eight  miles 
from  Suffolk,  when  the  enemy  assailed  us  with  great  fury 
with  solid  shot,  shell,  and  rockets,  served  with  great  pre 
cision  and  effect,  from  guns  so  posted  as  to  be  unseen 
and  yet  rake  the  roads  and  open  fields  in  which  our  line 
of  battle  was  formed.  The  range  was  about  nine 
hundred  yards.  Here  Follett's  and  the  Massachu 
setts  Seventh  Batteries  were  brought  into  action, 
and  the  guns  were  served  so  well  and  supported  so 
efficiently  by  the  Indiana  boys  and  our  own,  that 
after  two  or  three  hours  of  fierce  artillery  duelling, 
accompanied  by  the  tattoo  of  rifles,  the  rebels  were 
driven  back  from  point  to  point,  until  they  made  a  stand 
very  near  the  Deserted  House.  So  well  had  they  ob 
tained  the  range,  and  so  accurate  was  their  aim,  that 
they  troubled  us  a  good  deal,  but  though  fighting  an  un 
seen  enemy,  in  the  night,  our  forces  were  not  the  less 
undaunted,  but  fought  their  way  step  by  step,  the  various 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          201 

corps  being  handled  so  well  that  shortly  after  daylight 
the  enemy  was  again  driven  back  ;  at  which  time  the 
Sixth,  as  supports,  formed  and  held  its  line  of  battle  on 
the  exact  spot  just  occupied  by  the  rebel  artillery,  the 
batteries  and  cavalry  sharply  following  the  retreating  foe. 
At  about  daylight,  the  firing  on  both  sides  was  fierce  and 
continuous,  and  to  us  was  quite  galling ;  and  though  our 
advance  was  necessarily  so  slow  that  it  afforded  the 
rebels  ample  time  to  remove  most  of  their  wounded  and 
dead,  the  bodies  we  saw,  the  large  number  of  dead  horses 
left  by  them,  and  the  havoc  committed  on  trees  and 
buildings,  on  the  exact  spots  they  occupied,  gave  ample 
proof  that  they  suffered  far  -more  than  we  did.  Our 
regiment  never  before  so  well  knew  by  experience  the 
character  of  an  artillery  fire.  The  whole  air  at  times 
seemed  full  of  the  noise  of  the  flying  missiles,  and  the 
fallen  forms  of  dead  and  wounded  comrades  taught  them 
bitterly  what  a  sad  work  was  going  on.  I  shall  never 
forget  this,  my  first  shelling.  Dismounted,  holding  my 
horse  by  the  bridle,  my  back  against  a  big  tree  between 
myself  and  the  enemy,  I  stood,  like  Paul,  when  he  was 
shipwrecked,  and  "  wished  for  day."  My  contraband 
left  for  the  extreme  rear  as  soon  as  the  firing  began. 
Next  day,  he  reported  that  when  he  passed  through  a 
ditch  in  the  road,  at  a  two-forty  gait,  "  dere  came  one 
of  the  biggest  shells,  and  fried  like  anything  in  the 
water !  " 

The  most  of  our  casualties  were  at  about  the  time  of 


202          THE  NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

daybreak ;  and,  in  the  midst  of  the  sinking  of  the  heart 
I  experienced  over  the  wounds  and  death  of  dear  friends, 
I  could  not  help  noticing  that  the  pink  of  sunrise  was 
just  as  fair  as  on  a  marriage  morn,  and  that  the  robins 
and  blue  birds  played  their  mellow  flutes  as  though  no 
such  scenes  were  transpiring. 

"  How  strikingly  the  course  of  Nature  tells, 
By  its  light  heed  of  human  suffering, 
That  it  was  fashioned  for  a  happier  world." 

We  had  a  brief  but  melancholy  chapter  of  disasters  to 
record,  the  most  and  the  worst  of  which  related  to  the 
excellent  Groton  company  (B). 

Lieut.  E.  D.  Sawtelle  of  Groton,  aged  twenty-eight, 
was  killed  by  a  shell-wound  on  the  chest  and  thigh.  How 
well  I  remember  him  all  along  the  march,  within  a  few 
feet  of  me,  the  gayest  of  the  gay,  cheering  his  men  with 
lively  and  pleasant  words,  and  moving  to  the  battle  as 
though  to  festive  scenes. 

Lieut.  S.  G.  Blood  was  slightly  scratched  in  the  face 
by  the  same  shell. 

George  W.  Blodgett,  of  Westford,  aged  eighteen,  was 
instantly  killed  by  a  shell-wound  in  the  head. 

A.  Withington,  Townsend,  aged  nineteen,  killed. 

Augustus  Reed  of  Westford,  company  B,  was  so 
wounded  in  the  right  arm  as  to  render  amputation  neces 
sary.  He  died  Feb.  27,  of  secondary  hemorrhage. 

Francis  I.  Howard,  of  Westford,  company  B,  lost  his 
right  leg,  and  died  Feb.  3. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          203 

Besides  these,  the  rest  were  but  slightly  wounded. 
Lieut.  I.  N.  Marshall,  company  C,  slight  injury  from  piece 
of  shell  near  the  knee  ;  Lieut.  W.  F.  Wood,  company  K, 
contusion  of  the  head  by  a  piece  of  shell ;  W.  H.  Smith, 
company  K ;  J.  T.  Smart,  company  C  ;  W.  Whitcomb, 
company  B ;  C.  W.  Hildreth,  company  B.  Capt. 
Bartlett  was  slightly  lamed  in  the  foot  by  a  wheel, 
and  Adjutant  Allen  somewhat  injured  by  the  falling 
of  his  horse  across  him,  when  he,  together  with  Col. 
Follansbee,  had  a  fearfully  narrow  escape.  Both 
were  sitting  together,  by  the  side  of  their  horses,  when 
a  shell  passed  through  both  animals,  killing  them  both, 
and  throwing  them  across  the  adjutant.  The  colonel's 
noble  horse  "Jim"  was  one  of  the  finest  animals*  in 
the  service.  The  shell  that  killed  these  horses,  tore 
the  back  out  of  the  blouse  of  Wm.  Spalding,  the 
colonel's  clerk,  without  inflicting  a  scratch  on  him.  And 
others  of  us  had  close  but  safe  escapes. 

Besides  the  above,  one  was  killed  and  one  wounded, 
of  those  detached  from  the  regiment  into  another  depart 
ment.  B.  F.  Leighton,  of  Cambridge,  aged  twenty-five, 
was  killed  by  the  explosion  of  a  caisson  in  Follett's  Bat 
tery,  to  which  he  had  been  attached. 

In  the  Seventh  Battery,  every  tenth  man  was  injured 
or  killed,  —  a  literal  decimation. 

Officers  higher  in  rank  than  any  in  our  own  regiment 
spoke  of  the  Sixth  to  me  in  terms  that  would  bring  the 
same  glow  of  honorable  pride  on  their  cheeks,  and 


204  THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

those  of  their  friends  at  home,  that  I  felt  on  my  own. 
Officers  and  men,  with  scarcely  an  exception,  honored  the 
state  they  represented. 

Col.  Follansbee  was  complimented  on  the  field  by  Gen. 
Corcoran ;  and  Lieut.  Col.  Beal,  Major  Stott,  and  Adjt. 
Allen  were  just  where  they  should  have  been,  and  their 
conduct  was  perfect.  Nor  do  I  know  of  a  line  or  non 
commissioned  officer  or  private  who  failed  to  do  his  duty. 
Indeed,  when  we  went  up  to  support  the  battery,  we  were 
ordered  to  follow  a  certain  New  York  regiment.  We  did 
so  till  it  halted  short  of  the  post  of  duty,  when  we 
pushed  by  it,  and  obeyed  the  order  given  us. 

At  daybreak,  our  whole  force  pursued  the  enemy  some 
eight  miles  further,  till  they  escaped  over  the  Black- 
water.  One  or  two  infantry  engagements  accompanied 
the  pursuit,  and  several  casualties  occurred,  none  of 
which  were  in  the  Sixth.  Thus  our  boys  performed  the 
task  of  marching  some  thirty-six  miles  through  mud  and 
mire,  and  of  undergoing  the  terrible  ordeal  of  hours  of 
silent  submission  to  shell  and  cannon-shot,  and  all  within 
the  brief  limits  of  twenty-four  hours.  This  surpasses 
in  danger,  hardship,  and  loss  all  our  previous  military 
experience  combined. 

At  this  fi<>'ht  occurred  one  of  those  blunders  which 

O 

have  destroyed  so  many  lives  during  the  war,  because 
necessity  placed  men  without  military  knowledge  high  in 
position.  Gen.  Corcoran  stationed  the  Sixth  in  support 
of  the  Seventh  Battery,  in  a  swamp,  at  right  angles  in- 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          205 

stead  of  parallel  with  the  Battery,  so  that  any  one  shot 
might  have  riddled  the  regiment,  had  not  Col.  Follans- 
bee  taken  the  responsibility  of  arranging  his  men  as  they 
should  be  placed. 

There  were  not  many  unpleasant  features,  aside  from 
the  casualties,  to  mar  the  expedition.  One  colonel  was 
in  a  state  of  beastly  intoxication,  and  was  made  to  sur 
render  his  sword,  and  come  home  in  the  rear  of  his  regi 
ment,  under  arrest.  The  habit  of  rum-drinking  was 
most  wretchedly  abused  —  if  such  a  practice  is  ever  not 
abused  —  by  officers  in  Peck's  division.  If  a  private  got 
drunk,  he  was  punished,  and  was  not  allowed  whiskey, 
except  in  case  of  excessive  fatigue ;  but  officers  gener 
ally  used  it,  and  very  often  to  excess.  And  there  was 
too  great  a  disposition  on  the  part  of  officers  to  screen 
each  other  when  they  drank  to  intoxication.  It  was  the 
cause  of  a  great  deal  of  disaster  to  the  service. 

The  enemy  had  fourteen  guns,  the  largest  of  which 
were  twelve-pounders,  to  our  twelve  guns,  the  largest 
being  ten-pounders.  Our  infantry  undoubtedly  exceeded 
theirs  ;  and,  had  they  not  got  far  in  advance  of  our  forces 
at  daybreak,  we  should  have  given  them  the  fate  that 
ought  to  befall  all  traitors. 

Thus  the  Sixth  Regiment  lost  six  men,  —  Lieut. 
Sawtelle,  G.  W.  Blodgett,  Alanson  Withington,  Au 
gustus  Reed  (morcally  wounded),  and  F.  I.  Howard, 
of  the  Groton  company  (B),  and  B.  F.  Leighton,  of 
Co.  F.  (Cambridge),  detached  to  Follett's  Battery  ; 


206          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

and  the  Seventh  Battery  lost  three  ;  namely,  J.  P. 
Hun  ting  ton ,  H.  G.  Craig  and  John  Keegan.  On  ampu 
tating  Huntington's  leg,  no  less  than  nine  balls,  probably 
from  a  case-shot,  were  found  in  the  limb.  Craig's  port- 
monnaie,  containing  a  roll  of  bills,  two  daguerreotypes, 
and  his  knife,  were  driven  through  his  leg  by  the  force 
of  the  shot.  Sad  were  we  all  at  the  death  of  these  noble 
men. 

I  fear  I  have  not  said  enough  of  the  perilous  position 
in  which  our  regiment  was  placed,  and  the  cool  bravery 
with  which  they  sustained  themselves,  field  and  staff,  line 
officers,  non-commissioned,  and  privates.  Infantry  against 
infantry,  or  even  charging  a  battery,  is  infinitely  less  try 
ing  than  to  lie,  as  they  did  for  hours,  silent  and  unflinch 
ing  targets  for  death  to  bombard.  But  from  the  time 
that  Col.  Follansbee  said,  "  Now,  boys !  we  are  to  keep 
this  position  till  we  are  ready  to  charge  on  the  battery  ; 
remember  and  sustain  the  credit  of  the  old  Sixth  !  "  till 
we  pursued  the  flying  foe,  they  did  their  duty  like  vet 
erans.  A  New  York  adjutant  told  me,  "  They  sustained 
the  national  reputation  which  the  regiment  enjoys  !  " 
And  these  were  not  veterans,  but  raw  militia. 

Readers  at  a  distance  may  wonder  why,  in  the  battle 
of  "  Deserted  House,"  our  forces  did  not  proceed  with 
more  dash  and  elan.  They  will  find  the  explanation 
in  the  topography  of  the  country:  an  almost  continu 
ous  forest  and  swamp  extend  from  the  Narisemond  to 
the  Blackwater.  Through  this  dense  growth  runs  the 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          207 

narrow  road,  and  an  occasional  opening  occurs,  just 
about  frequently  enough  to  afford  a  good  position  for 
batteries  to  be  stationed.  At  the  "  Deserted  House,"  the 
clearing  is  some  twelve  feet  above  the  general  monoto 
nous  level  of  the  country,  and  the  approaches  to  it  are 
by  this  narrow  road.  Of  course,  our  forces  were  as 
much  exposed  while  advancing  as  though  crossing  a 
bridge,  swept  by  hostile  cannon.  Cavalry  cannot  be 
made  effective ;  and  artillery  and  infantry  can  only  ad 
vance  literally  into  the  cannon's  mouth.  This  ours  did 
gloriously,  effectually,  till  they  drove  the  enemy  from 
altogether  the  best  position  between  the  rivers.  Had 
our  forces  been  large  enough,  we  might  have  flanked 
them.  But  with  nine  miles  front  to  defend,  and  the  pos 
sibility  that  the  rebel  attack  was  a  feint  to  cover  an 
entrance  into  our  works,  we  had  to  be  content  to  give 
the  enemy  a  fair  flogging  in  a  regular  stand-up  fight. 
Our  casualties  in  all  were  twenty-six  killed,  and  eighty 
wounded. 

How  many  more  of  these  precious  lives  must  be  given, 
we  asked,  as  the  price  of  our  national  honor  and  salva 
tion  ?  We  know  that  not  one  of  them  shall  be  given  in 
vain.  Every  drop  of  blood  now  shed  shall  be  coined  into 
blessings  for  the  generations  to  come,  who  shall  count 
the  humblest  one  who  dies  to-day  as  worthy  of  more 
honor  than  a  score  of  those  ignoble  beings  who  live  to 
old  age,  incapable  of  such  sublime  self-sacrifice  as  is 
being  made  by  these  noble  sons  of  a  heroic  lineage. 


208          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

".  Oh,  where  can  dust  to  dust 

Be  consigned  so  well, 
As  where  Heaven  its  dews  shall  shed, 

On  the  martyred  patriot's  bed  ?  " 

ANOTHER  DEATH. 

Elbridge  Conant  died  February  10,  of  brain  fever, 
contracted  at  "  Deserted  House."  He  was  an  excellent 
member  of  Company  E,  and  was  from  Acton. 

SMUGGLING. 

All  sorts  of  methods  were  adopted  by  those  who  de 
sired  to  smuggle  contraband  goods  from  Dix's  realms 
to  Dixie,  and  a  good  deal  of  ingenuity  was  needed  to 
foil  their  schemes.  I  am  sorry  to  say  that  the  most  suc 
cessful  cheats  in  this  line  were  of  the  feminine  persua 
sion.  The  younger  and  fairer  they  were,  the  more  likely 
they  were  to  succeed ;  for  it  is  hard  for  a  gallant  officer, 
however  keen  and  loyal  he  may  be,  to  distrust  a  lady's 
declaration,  —  when  she  is  handsome;  and  I  fear  that 
many  a  one  has  "  pulled  the  wool  "  over  the  eyes  of 
provost  marshals  elsewhere,  as  well  as  in  Suffolk.  Not 
withstanding  that,  a  good  deal  was  captured  by  Major 
Smith,  our  provost. 

On  one  occasion,  one  was  arrested  who,  under  her 
feminine  garb,  wore  two  full  suits  of  male  attire,  and 
who,  in  addition,  was  able  to  conceal  a  small  haber 
dasher's  variety,  for  the  aid  and  comfort  of  her  friends 
in  Dixie.  And,  just  before  we  left,  Gen.  Peck  re- 


THE   NINE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          209 

ceived  a  telegram,  stating  that  a  lady  was  in  the  train 
then  on  its  way  from  Norfolk,  with  passes,  who  had 
complete  sketches  of  all  the  defences  of  Suffolk  screwed 
into  the  handle  of  her  parasol. 

A   YOUNG   HERO'S^  DEATH. 

On  the  27th  of  February,  the  whole  camp  was  sad 
dened  to  hear  of  the  death  of  Augustus  Reed,  of  company 
B.  "  Gussy,"  as  he  was  affectionately  called,  was  but 
nineteen  years  old,  at  the  time  of  his  death.  His  arm  was 
amputated  at  the  battle  of  "  Deserted  House ; "  but 
secondary  hemorrhage  set  in  twice,  and  the  loss  of  blood 
made  so  great  a  drain  on  his  system,  that,  after  lingering 
nearly  a  month,  he  died.  He  was  a  brave,  gallant  boy  ; 
and,  having  done  his  duty  nobly,  he  only  asked  that  he 
might  go  home  to  his  mother  and  die.  A  few  minutes 
before  he  died,  he  prayed  a  brief  sentence ;  and,  from 
the  blood-stained  cot  of  the  hero,  he  went  to  the  hero's 
final  home. 

THE   LONG   ROLL. 

The  same  night,  for  the  first  time,  the  long  roll  was 
beat  throughout  our  regiment  and  camp.  At  about  nine 
o'clock  the  alarm  commenced,  and,  in  a  camp  as  large  as 
Suffolk,  the  effect  of  that  wild  alarum  is  strange  and 
startling.  First  one  drum  rolls,  then  another,  and  an 
other,  and  at  length  the  entire  camp  resounds,  far  and 
near,  with  the  rapid  pulsations  of  hundreds  of  them. 
Then  comes  the  "  limbering  up  "  of  artillery,  the  clatter 

14 


210         THE   NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

of  cavalry  horses  and  sabres,  the  rumbling  of  artillery 
wheels,  the  gallop  of  orderlies,  the  "  thunder  of  the  cap 
tains,  and  the  shoutings,"  until  the  entire  force  is  in  posi 
tion  to  meet  and  repel  any  advance.  Our  own  regiment  was 
promptly  in  line,  and  desirous  of  nothing  more  than  that 
the  enemy  should  attach  us,  instead  of  compelling  us  to 
move  against  him.  The  alarm  was  caused  by  a  return 
ing  body  of  cavalry,  that  was  mistaken  for  a  rebel  force. 
After  a  couple  hours  of  watchfulness,  the  cause  trans 
pired,  the  "  voices  of  the  night"  subsided,  and 

"  Silence,  like  a  poultice,  came, 
And  healed  the  blows  of  sound." 

On  the  first  of  March,  the  gardens  were  smiling  with 
crocuses,  snowdrops,  and  hyacinths,  the  advance  guard 
of  the  hosts  of  summer ;  and,  on  the  trees,  the  swelling 
buds  already  prophesied  the  speedy  birth  of  the  leaves. 
And  this  reminds  me  of  "a  little  joke"  which  was  in 
circulation.  "  The  regiment  has  a  long  march  ahead,  it 
seems,"  says  one.  "Ah,  what  is  it?"  "The  month 
of  March,"  was  the  reply. 

A  FAUX  PAS. 

During  March,  the  mud  was  so  deep,  that  but  very 
little  movement  was  attempted.  On  the  17th,  however,  a 
cavalry  and  artillery  force  of  about  five  hundred  returned 
from  an  expedition  that  turned  out  rather  unsuccessfully, 
though  under  the  circumstances  our  forces  escaped  re 
markably  well.  Two  sections  of  the  Seventh  Massachusetts 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         211 

Battery,  under  command  of  Capt.  Davis,  and  six  com 
panies  of  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  all  com 
manded  by  Col.  Spear,  left  camp  at  midnight  of  Monday  to 
reconnoitre  a  position  near  Carsville,  where  the  rebels  were 
reported  to  have  thrown  up  a  redoubt,  and  to  have  a  force 
of  seven  hundred,  with  one  gun.  The  expedition  reached 
the  place  without  adventure,  and  Col.  Spear  immediately 
ordered  three  of  his  companies  to  charge  the  redoubt. 
His  boys  obeyed,  as  they  were  always  glad  to  do ;  and  they 
went  with  a  will  till  they  were  within  twelve  feet  of  the 
works,  when  a  wide  ditch  in  front  forbade  further  progress, 
and  a  furious  discharge  from  some  four  or  five  guns,  in 
stead  of  one,  and  a  flank  movement  by  at  least  three  rebel 
regiments,  met  them.  Determined  not  to  give  it  up  so, 
Col.  Spear  ordered  his  other  three  companies  to  charge, 
and  the  same  result  ensued ;  but  the  flank  movement  of 
the  rebel  infantry  by  this  time  looked  rather  formidable, 
and  Capt.  Davis  considered  himself  lucky  in  being  able 
to  extricate  his  guns  in  safety.  Before  withdrawing, 
however,  Lieut.  Farrar  gave  the  enemy  seventeen  rounds, 
which  must  have  damaged  them  a  good  deal ;  and  then 
our  forces  made  a  somewhat  rapid  exodus  from  the  limbo 
in  which  they  found  themselves. 

IN    STATU   QUO. 

On  the  20th  and  21st,  we  had  a  severe  snow-storm, 
fully  up  to  the  New  England  standard,  and  well  calcu 
lated  by  its  hyperborean  character  to  keep  us  from  home- 


212         THE   NINE    MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

sickness  !  A  similar  storm  took  place  as  late  as  April  5th. 
During  this  time,  there  was  little  done  or  apprehended 
from  the  enemy,  for  the  state  of  the  roads  embargoed  all 
military  movements.  The  time  was  passed  quietly,  and 
the  quantity  of  correspondence  with  home,  manufacture 
of  bone  rings,  rustic  furniture,  and  the  like,  was  quite 
extensive.  Time  at  length  began  to  lay  heavily,  and 
most  of  the  men  were  anxious  for  something  stirring  to 
transpire. 

A    SOUTHERN   WEDDING. 

A  unique  performance  came  off  on  the  evening  of 
March  24th,  at  a  rough  log-hut  very  near  our  camp. 
This  was  nothing  less  than  a  wedding,  the  ceremony  of 
which  was  performed  by  the  chaplain  of  the  Sixth,  between 
a  gallant  young  artillery-man,  attached  to  a  regular  bat 
tery,  and  a  fair  damsel  of  Isle  of  Wight  County,  Va. 
Of  course  she  belonged  to  one  of  the  first  families,  for 
all  Virginians  do  that  I  have  ever  met;  though  it  did 
strike  me  a  little  oddly  to  see  her  roll  the  sweet  morsel 
of  tobacco  under  her  tongue,  during  the  ceremony,  and 
eject  the  brown  juice  with  surprising  accuracy  into  the 
ample  fire-place  that  occupied  nearly  one  end  of  the  room. 
Indulging  in  a  little  conversation  at  a  bridal  call,  made 
next  morning,  with  my  wife,  I  ventured  to  suggest  that 
it  was  well  for  kindred  souls  to  be  united,  to  which  she 
responded  in  the  vernacular  that  I  have  found  general 
among  Virginians  of  all  colors  :  "  Yaas  !  I  oilers  thought, 
when  a  gal  loved  a  feller,  she'd  better  have  him  soon's 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN.          213 

she  could  git  him  !  "  When  the  refreshments  were  passed 
at  the  close  of  the  ceremonies,  I  was  not  a  little  taken 
aback  to  see  that  they  consisted  of  hot  flour  hiscuits 
(a  rare  dish  where  corn  bread  is  the  regular  food,  for  in 
Virginia  the  staff  of  life  is  a  cornstalk),  and  sausages, 
and  sugar  candy !  But  maugre  the  oddities  of  the  oc 
casion,  the  main  thing  —  the  union  of  two  kindred  hearts, 
(though  the  mudsill  was  a  great  ways  superior  to  the 
daughter  of  Virginia)  —  was  at  length  consummated, 
an  act  typical  of  what  is  now  rapidly  transpiring,  —  the 
union  of  North  and  South :  — 

"  A  union  of  hearts  and  a  union  of  hands, 
A  union  of  fates  none  can  sever. " 

ORDERS   COUNTERMANDED. 

A  very  sudden  change  of  programme  took  place  on  the 
9th  of  April,  when  "  Special  Order  No.  99  "  came,  re 
quiring  the  colonel  to  have  his  regiment  in  readiness  to 
move  at  a  moment's  notice,  with  all  its  ammunition,  and 
camp  and  garrison  equipage.  Extra  baggage  was  rapidly 
sifted  out,  and  started  for  home.  Among  the  superflui 
ties,  several  women  and  children  were  prominent ;  for  it 
was  reported  that  we  were  destined  for  New  Berne.  The 
men  on  detached  service  were  returned ;  the  fixtures 
of  cabins,  furniture,  windows,  doors,  and  the  like,  were 
given  away,  until  camp  was  stripped  quite  bare  ;  and  we 
were  even  loading  the  train  to  convey  us  to  Norfolk, 
when  the  order  was  countermanded.  Col.  Foster,  our 


214        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

brigade  commander,  sent  a  very  complimentary  special 
order  to  the  officers  and  soldiers,  thanking  them  for  the 
fidelity  and  cheerfulness  with  which  they  had  obeyed  all 
commands  ;  and,  in  parting  with  them,  he  gave  them  his 
hearty  good  wishes.  But  information  had  reached  head 
quarters,  that  Gen.  Longstreet,  with  40,000  men,  was  de 
tached  from  his  recent  field  of  operations,  and  was  rap 
idly  approaching  Suffolk,  as  though  to  make  a  formidable 
attack.  In  a  brief  space  of  time,  the  regiment  resumed 
its  statu  quo,  minus  the  "  improvements  "  given  away, 
and  all  were  on  the  qui  vive  for  what  should  next  occur. 
Other  regiments  that  were  to  go  with  us  received  orders 
to  move,  and  some  were  already  in  the  cars,  to  start  for 
their  destination.  A  rebel  mail  was  captured  on  the 
10th,  which  divulged  the  rebel  plans,  and  changed  the 
movements  of  the  loyal  forces. 

TICKETS   OF   LEAVE. 

On  the  llth,  Gen.  Peck  ordered  all  women  and  children 
to  leave  Suffolk.  Some  of  the  fair  Yankees  present  were 
strongly  disposed  to  disregard  this  edict ;  but  their  friends 
among  the  officers  were  unwilling  to  incur  the  risks  that 
might  follow ;  and  accordingly  by  railway  train,  and  in 
transports  down  the  Nansemond  River,  the  precious 
loads  were  sent  away.  Before  they  left,  however,  the 
advance  of  the  enemy  was  briskly  engaged  in  skirmish 
ing  with  our  videttes,  and  the  cannonading  from  the 
wharves  on  the  river  began  as  some  of  them  were  leav- 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         21") 

ing.  Their  desire  to  remain,  and  their  coolness  and 
pluck  under  the  unusual  circumstances  in  which  they 
were  placed,  gave  an  excellent  example  to  some  of  the 
sterner  sex. 

HOW  THE  APPROACH  WAS  LOOKED  AT. 

One  lady  from  Lowell  was  taking  care  of  her  husband 
in  the  hospital ;  and  she  refused  point  blank  to  go  away 
until  her  husband  was  better.  Dr.  Burnham  told  her  that 
the  enemy  would  be  shelling  the  camp  in  a  short  time. 
"  Let  them  shell !  "  was  her  quiet  answer. 

In  contrast  with  her  spirit  was  the  conduct  of  an  agent 
of  a  certain  philanthropic  commission,  who  called  on  me 
a  day  or  two  before  the  alarm,  and  who  professed  a  very 
earnest  desire  to  go  where  he  could  look  after  the  spirit 
ual  interests  of  the  soldiers.  The  sick  were  transported 
to  Norfolk  ;  and,  while  the  train  was  being  made  ready  to 
convey  them  away,  I  went  to  see  about  the  preparations, 
for  our  own  sick.  There  was  a  long  train  of  cars,  on 
which,  as  yet,  but  a  solitary  person  could  be  seen,  and 
he  the  one  so  anxious  to  be  of  service,  availing  himself 
of  the  first  opportunity  to  have  that  "enchantment" 
which  u  distance  lends  to  view." 

Both  in  and  out  of  the  regiment,  there  were  notable 
instances  of  sudden  indisposition,  at  the  prospect  of  an 
attack  ;  soldiers  and  officers  were  taken  lame,  or  remem 
bered  slight  wounds  that  other  people,  and  even  them 
selves,  had  pretty  much  forgotten ;  and  weakness  of  the 


216         THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

spine  was  manifested  on  the  part  of  those  who  had  pre 
viously  kept  a  fair  perpendicular.  They  were  but 
exceptions,  though  ;  for  the  regiment  generally  desired 
nothing  so  much  as  a  rebel  attack,  so  confident  did  they 
feel  in  their  ability  to  hold  their  position,  and  each  man 
went  into  his  designated  place  with  the  utmost  alacrity ; 
and  on  Saturday  afternoon  our  pickets  on  the  "  South 
Quay  "  and  "  Petersburg  "  roads  were  driven  in. 

The  writer  of  this,  with  his  wife,  was  on  horseback 
about  three  miles  from  camp,  when  the  long  roll  began 
to  sound  from  the  further  side  of  the  town,  and  orderlies 
began  to  fly  to  and  fro,  and  officers  on  horseback  were 
seen  dashing  furiously  to  their  positions,  and  all  the  "  hot 
haste "  appropriate  to  an  attack  appeared.  Inquiry 
was  answered  by  the  tidings  that  the  enemy  was  coming 
on  the  Somerton  Road,  double-quick,  and  were  already 
within  a  mile  or  two  of  camp.  The  reader  can  perhaps 
imagine  the  John-Gilpin  speed  with  which  we  ran  our 
horses  to  camp,  across  ditches  and  fields,  when  he  con 
siders  that  three  little  children  were  left  alone  in  quarters, 
and  that  imagination  already  heard  the  shrieking  shells 
dancing  and  exploding  among  them.  They  were  soon 
found,  and  placed  in  a  temporary  shelter,  and  on  the 
morrow  conveyed  to  Fortress  Monroe,  and  thence  home. 

It  had  never  seemed  to  the  writer  of  these  pages,  that 
the  rebels  designed  a  formidable  attack,  or  a  siege.  At 
that  time  they  had  never  assaulted  fortifications,  and  it 
seemed  unreasonable  that  they  would  jump  out  of  the 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        217 

frying  pan  of  scarcity  into  the  fire  of  our  fortifications. 
Accordingly,  in  his  correspondence  with  the  New  York 
"  Tribune,"  he  wrote  :  — 

"  There  are  several  considerations  that  look  like  some 
thing  besides  a  serious  attack  on  us  here  :  — 

"  1.  We  have  been  very  lenient  to  the  people  all 
about  here,  and  a  few  days'  sojourn  among  them  of  the 
rebel  forces  from  Petersburg  would  give  large  accessions 
to  the  enemy's  commissariat. 

"  2.  We  had  a  large  detachment  of  troops  that  were 
about  leaving  Suffolk  when  a  rebel  mail  was  somewhat 
ostentatiously  captured ;  and  the  approach  of  the  rebels 
prevented  their  ^departure,  and  may  have  been  designed 
to  that  end. 

"  3.  The  enemy  knows  our  strength  perfectly,  and 
if,  as  the  rebel  mail  and  captured  prisoners  assert,  they 
do  not  number  more  than  25,000,  they  do  not  intend  to 
assault  our  works,  but  are  on  a  ruse  to  conceal  other  move 
ments,  —  perhaps  the  capture  of  Foster. 

"  Still,  the  enemy  may  be  stronger  than  I  suppose,  and 
may  be  carrying  out  the  threat  frequently  made  by  secesh 
residents,  to  attempt  to  flog  us.  If  so,  be  sure  he  will  have 
a  good  time  of  it ;  for  a  strong  fort  will  meet  him  at  every 
angle  in  the  breastworks  that  circumvallate  us,  while  a 
string  of  gun  boatsdefends  the  river,  with  guns  that  can 
not  only  toss  huge  projectiles  far  into  their  lines  before 
their  field-batteries  can  damage  us,  but,  should  they  get 
within  our  lines,  would  make  them  hasten  out  as  fast  at 
least  as  they  entered. 


218         THE    NINE    MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

"  Be  that  as  it  may,  on  Saturday  our  scouts  and  outer 
pickets  were  driven  in,  and  the  signal-station  in  sight  of 
our  works,  and  about  a  mile  from  us  on  an  air-line,  was 
taken  by  the  enemy  ;  and  yesterday  they  were  in  plain 
sight  of  our  camp.  Our  cavalry  has  charged  on  them, 
and  taken  a  few  prisoners  in  return  for  our  pickets  cap 
tured  by  them,  and  we  have  now  and  then  dropped  a  shell 
among  them  ;  but  our  sharpshooters  have  done  a  driving 
business  with  their  telescopic  rifles,  manifesting  great 
daring  and  enterprise,  and  have  picked  off  quite  a  number 
of  adventurous  rebels  from  incredible  distances.  Further 
than  this,  nothing  as  yet  has  been  done,  and  we  are  all 
waiting  with  everything  ready  for  the  enemy.  If  it  is  a 
ruse,  when  he  leaves  he  will  find  somebody  on  his  track  ; 
if  he  intends  to  assault  us,  he  will  find  a  large-sized  flea 
in  each  ear. 

"  He  threatens  us  on  an  arc  of  a  circle  three  miles 
long,  —  about  one-third  of  our  front,  —  where,  should 
he  approach,  he  will  be  subjected  to  an  enfilading  fire 
from  forts  and  field-batteries,  and  infantry  behind  breast 
works,  such  as  would  be  terrific  and  unendurable  by  any 
troops,  and  more  especially  by  such  as  have  always  kept 
behind  defensive  works  themselves.  The  day  on  which 
they  make  the  attempt  will  be  a  dark  and  bloody  one  in 
their  annals." 

WHAT   WHISKEY    DID. 

A  melancholy  episode  occurred  one  night  in  the  very 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          219 

beginning  of  the  siege.  Hawkins'  Zouaves,  whose  time 
had  nearly  expired,  arrived  in  Suffolk  to  reinforce  the 
garrison ;  and  Lieut.-col.  Kimball,  a  very  brave  officer, 
attempted  to  stop  the  progress  of  Gen.  Corcoran,  who 
with  his  staff  was  riding  to  inspect  the  disposition  of  the 
forces,  when  the  latter  drew  his  revolver  and  shot  him. 
The  general  opinion  in  the  camp  was,  that  that  worst  en 
emy  of  the  country,  whiskey,  was  at  the  bottom  of  the 
sad  affair,  as  indeed  it  was  of  most  of  the  insubordina 
tion,  crime,  violence,  blunder,  and  disaster  that  occurred 
within  my  knowledge  during  the  term  of  our  service. 
I  have  seen  every  grade  of  officer  and  soldier,  from 
brigadier-general  down,  drunk,  and  often  under  circum 
stances  requiring  the  possession  of  all  the  powers,  —  such 
as  the  ambulance  officer  at  the  head  of  his  train  of 
wounded ;  and  the  ambulance  driver,  in  the  night,  on 
rough  and  strange  roads,  with  wounded  men  in  his  charge  ; 
the  surgeon  in  the  hospital  and  on  the  field ;  the  officer 
in  command  ;  and  the  soldier  on  the  march,  in  the  enemy's 
country ;  even  the  vidette  stationed  at  the  very  front, — and 
I  am  sure  that  no  one  cause  has  done  so  much  damage, 
and  so  retarded  our  progress,  as  the  use  of  whiskey.  If 
it  could  be  entirely  discontinued,  it  would  at  any  time  have 
given  our  army  a  reinforcement  of  more  than  100,000 
men. 

THE    SIEGE    COMMENCED. 

On  the  night  of  each  day  after  the  rebel  advance,  the 
open  fields  lying  around  our  works  were  blazing  with 


220          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

burning  houses,  set  on  fire  accidentally  by  our  shells,  or 
purposely,  because  they  interfered  with  the  range  of  our 
guns,  or  would  be  a  cover  to  sharpshooters. 

At  the  time,  I  wrote  in  the  Boston  "Journal":  "Errly 
Sunday  morning  the  rebels  could  be  distinctly  seen  at  a 
distance  of  about  a  mile  from  our  works,  and  squads  of 
them  came  in  sight  all  day  (rather  ostentatiously,  if  a 
regular  attack  on  us  is  intended),  and  several  of  them 
were  picked  off  by  our  sharpshooters.  Our  cavalry  made 
several  charges,  during  the  day,  on  the  rebel  skirmishers, 
and  brought  in  prisoners  ;  and  once  or  twice  we  dropped 
a  peppercorn,  in  the  shape  of  a  shell,  among  them.  But 
so  far,  it  has  failed  to  elicit  any  response  from  them.  Of 
course  they  have  succeeded,  by  crawling  around  our  out 
posts,  in  capturing  a  few  of  our  pickets.  But  further 
than  this,  as  yet,  nothing  important  has  transpired. 

"  Scarcely  ever  was  an  army  more  ready  or  desirous 
for  an  enemy  to  come  on ;  and  I  still  think,  as  the  rebels 
know  the  strength  of  our  position,  that  the  whole  thing 
must  be  a  ruse  to  cover  other  movements  ;  for  it  seems 
too  good  to  be  true,  that  their  forces  (which  are  not  sup 
posed  to  be  more  than  twenty-five  thousand)  can  be  so 
foolhardy  as  to  depart  from  their  usual  policy  of  defence, 
and  assault  an  army  nearly  as  large,  behind  such  works 
as  ours.  Still,  I  may  be  mistaken.  We  shall  see.  If 
they  do,  look  out  for  good  news." 

During  the  siege,  Dr.  Humphrey  was  temporarily 
detached  from  the  regiment,  to  attend  to  the  sick  and 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        221 

wounded  of  Follet's,  Howard's,  and  Davis's  batteries,  and 
Dr.  Burnham  was  chief  operating  surgeon  of  the  divi 
sion. 

A   BARBAROUS   ACT. 

Early  in  the  siege,  one  of  those  occurrences  took 
place,  which  have  disgraced  the  Confederates  so  fre 
quently.  A  family,  whose  house  was  burned,  just  out 
side  our  works,  attempted  to  seek  safety  by  fleeing 
to  our  lines.  A  rebel  squad  commanded  them  to  halt ; 
they  disobeyed,  when  a  volley  was  fired,  killing  the 
woman.  The  family  were  entirely  rebel,  but  were  not 
spared  on  that  account.  It  was  one  of  the  saddest 
sights  I  ever  beheld,  to  see  a  little  boy  coming  on  before, 
waving  a  flag  of  truce,  while  the  afflicted  husband  fol 
lowed,  driving  a  team  on  which  lay  the  dead  body  of  his 
wife,  murdered  by  these  fiends. 

PROGRESS   OF   THE    SIEGE. 

From  this  time  onward,  the  enemy  lay  around  our 
works,  —  we  on  a  segment  of  an  irregular  circle,  nine 
miles  long,  flanked,  at  each  end  of  the  arc,  by  a 
swamp ;  and  the  rebels  about  four  miles  distant,  on  a 
parallel,  but,  as  subsequent  examination  showed,  much 
weaker  line  of  works.  I  shall  chiefly  describe  the  prog 
ress  of  the  siege  by  extracts  from  my  correspondence, 
with  such  omissions  and  additions  as  the  sequel  makes 
necessary. 

From  the  "  Tribune,"  April  14,  1863 :  — 


222          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

"  Nothing  of  startling  interest  occurred  yesterday. 
Early  in  the  morning,  rebel  skirmishers  and  sharpshoot 
ers  made  their  appearance  in  the  edges  of  the  woods, 
and  our  own  went  half  a  mile  or  so,  outside  our  fortifica 
tions,  to  exchange  shots  with  them.  A  great  many 
lively  rencounters  took  place  ;  and  some  of  our  men,  par 
ticularly  among  the  Thirteenth  Indiana,  were  wounded. 
I  have  yet  to  learn  of  the  first  death  on  our  side,  though 
from  our  parapets  I  have  seen  a  great  many  of  the 
enemy  fall.  Toward  night,  the  fusillade  between  the 
two  lines  of  skirmishers  was  rapid,  and,  after  dark, 
the  flashes  of  the  guns  illuminated  the  night  like 
the  gleaming  of  fire-flies.  Once  during  the  day  a 
battery  made  its  appearance,  but  the  emphatic  protest 
of  three  forts,  enfilading  it,  soon  caused  its  withdrawal. 
A  couple  of  shells  were  thrown  over  the  woods,  toward 
our  skirmishers,  with  no  effect ;  but,  aside  from  this,  the 
enemy's  fire  was  exclusively  of  musketry.  Our  own 
fort  guns  and  batteries  kept  pounding  away,  at  intervals, 
all  day  and  night ;  and  the  shots  they  sent  to  places 
where  the  rebels  appeared  must  have  annoyed,  if  they 
did  not  punish,  them  exceedingly. 

u  Prisoners  and  deserters  came  in  at  the  rate  of  ten 
or  fifteen  an  hour,  during  the  latter  part  of  the  day. 
They  report  that  the  enemy  intend  to  make  another 
Harper's  Ferry  of  Suffolk,  having  ample  forces,  they 
seem  to  think,  for  the  purpose,  of  infantry,  cavalry,  and 
artillery,  among  which  are  two  heavy  siege  guns.  They 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         223 

transport  their  supplies  to  Franklin  by  rail,  and  the  re 
maining  twenty-two  miles  they  are  hauled  over  these 
execrable  roads.  If  an  attempt  to  take  the  place  is 
seriously  intended,  the  time  during  the  three  days  past 
has  been  employed  in  planting  batteries  behind  the 
woods.  There  is  every  indication  that  the  enemy  will 
approach  us,  if  he  comes,  by  the  Somerton  road,  where 
the  rifle-pits  are  held  by  the  Sixth  Massachusetts,  One 
Hundred  and  Sixty  Sixth  New  York,  Hawkins'  Zouaves, 
One  Hundred  and  Twelfth  New  York,  Thirteenth  In 
diana,  Davis's  (Seventh  Massachusetts)  Battery,  and 
swept  by  a  withering  fire  from  three  forts.  He'll  have 
a  good  time  of  it,  coming  over  that  road. 

"  Our  men  are  in  admirable  trim,  and  are  anxious  to 
have  the  struggle  come,  such  confidence  have  they  in 
themselves  and  the  strength  of  their  position." 

From  the  "  Journal "  :  — 

"  Deserters  and  prisoners  came  in  quite  numerously 
during  the  day.  Our  artillery  practice  is  splendid,  and 
when  it  comes  to  be  directed  to  the  living  column,  its 
effect  must  be  tremendous.  The  Somerton  road,  on 
which  the  Sixth  is  posted,  is  guarded  by  several  regi 
ments,  and  is  swept  by  cross-fires  from  more  than  sixty 
cannon.  An  experienced  artillerist  and  a  general  de 
clares  that  one  hundred  thousand  men  could  not  emerge 
from  the  woods,  and  form  a  line  of  battle,  and  enter  our 
fortifications.  They  would  be  entirely  cut  up  before  such 
a  purpose  could  be  effected. 


224        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

"  Aside  from  the  loss  of  life,  it  was  one  of  the  prettiest 
of  sights,  to  stand,  last  evening,  just  after  dark,  about  a 
half  mile  beyond  our  works,  and  see  the  flashes  of  our 
own  and  the  enemy's  guns,  like  thousands  of  fire-flies, 
and  the  great  blazes  from  the  deep-mouthed  cannon,  and 
the  huge  lights  from  burning  buildings,  and  to  hear  the 
roar  and  rattle,  and  participate  in  the  excitement  of  the 
day.  The  whistle  of  rebel  missiles,  uncomfortably  near, 
however,  soon  modified  the  pleasure  of  the  time,  and  I 
re-entered  the  breastworks.  The  firing  ceased  soon  after 
dark,  and  was  only  broken  at  intervals  through,  the  night 
by  the  deep  booming  of  our  gun-boat  cannon,  baying 
deep-mouthed  welcome  to  the  foe,  and,  no  doubt,  dis 
turbing  him  in  his  concealment  in  the  woods. 

"  This  morning,  we  are  dropping  shells  from  batteries 
and  gun-boats,  in  all  directions,  and  our  sharpshooters 
are  briskly  coquetting  with  the  enemy's.  The  fire  is 
particularly  lively  for  two  or  three  miles  down  the  Nan- 
semond,  from  our  gun-boats,  that  are  shot  at,  once  in  a 
while,  by  the  rebel  riflemen.  Report  says  that  a  big 
siege-gun  is  being  planted  by  the  rebels  at  our  old  signal 
station,  which  is  in  plain  sight.  At  the  rate  at  which 
the  shot  and  shell  are  being  deposited  in  that  vicinity, 
they  are  finding  it  rather  uncomfortable  working. 

"  The  boys  of  the  Sixth,  who  are  on  the  extreme  right, 
enjoyed  their  skirmishing  last  night  immensely :  twice  as 
many  volunteered  to  go  out  as  were  wanted  ;  and  after 
firing  off  their  sixty  rounds,  some  of  them  came  in  for 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          225 

more,  and  went  out  on  the  double-quick.  So  far,  not 
one  has  been  scratched. 

"  On  the  15th,  the  fourth  day  ef  our  '  siege,'  besides 
the  skirmishing  of  sharpshooters,  and  some  little  billing 
and  cooing  between  our  gunboats  and  rebel  batteries, 
seven  or  eight  miles  down  the  Nansemond  River,  nothing 
was  done.  Very  few  casualties  are  reported,  and  none 
of  them  among  any  of  the  New  England  regiments.  We 
are  all  lying  in  the  trenches  and  forts  this  rainy  day, — 
the  fifth  of  our  fronting  the  enemy.  The  eloquent  voices 
of  our  cannon  are  talking  in  a  semi-circle  of  five  miles 
from  the  Edenton  road,  where  Fort  Dix  is  shelling  the 
distant  woods,  around  to  the  Nansemond  River,  where 
the  gun-boats  are  scolding  the  rebel  batteries  away  from 
any  attempt  to  control  the  river  navigation." 

During  the  16th,  the  usual  amount  of  shelling  of  woods 
on  our  part,  and  of  mutual  skirmishing  was  had,  causing 
a  few  —  some  eight  or  ten  —  on  our  side  to  be  wounded, 
more  or  less  severely.  Every  advance  in  every  direc 
tion,  on  the  part  of  the  enemy,  was  handsomely  repulsed, 
with  comparatively  very  little  effort  from  us,  giving  him 
to  perceive  clearly  enough  that  there  was  no  link  loose 
in  the  armor  which  Gen.  Peck  had  built  around  us. 
And  every  hour  the  works  were  made  stronger  and 
stronger.  Those  who  deny  the  industry  of  the  colored 
men  ought  to  have  seen  them  volunteer  to  do  their  part  in 
erecting  the  defences,  and  the  zeal  with  which  they  took 
hold.  I  have  no  doubt  that  they  have  built  works  in 

15 


226         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

five  days  equivalent  to  a  re-inforcement  of  5,000 
men. 

From  the  signal-station  in  the  heart  of  the  city,  every 
appearance  and  approach  of  the  enemy  was  distinctly 
seen  and  notified,  so  that  a  few  minutes  sufficed  to 
transfer  forces  from  one  point  of  the  defences  to  another ; 
and  the  man  at  the  station  telegraphed  to  gunners,  who 
could  not  see  the  effects  of  their  own  shots,  exactly  how 
to  vary,  in  order  to  do  more  execution.  In  most  respects, 
we  could  not  have  asked  to  be  better  situated  for  a  suc 
cessful  fight. 

Frequent  skirmishes  and  slight  engagements  occurred 
all  along  the  lines,  in  which  the  losses  on  our  side  were 
few.  The  enemy,  during  the  night,  would  dig  rat-holes, 
each  large  enough  for  one  man,  from  which  he  would 
shoot  at  us  during  the  day.  At  times,  for  hours,  there 
would  be  a  continual  drip,  drip,  from  these  sharp-shoot 
ers  ;  and  yet  it  was  seldom  that  they  hit  one  of  our  men. 

We  frequently  shelled  them,  and  sometimes  detach 
ments  were  sent  out  to  charge  them.  On  some  of  these 
occasions  the  contest  would  be  in  full  sight  of  thousands, 
who  gazed  on  the  conflict  with  feelings  that  cannot  be 
described.  Up  to  April  18th,  not  a  man  from  New  Eng 
land  had  been  scratched,  out  of  twelve  or  fifteen  regiments 
in  the  division. 

The  nineteenth  of  April,  ever  memorable  in  the  history 
of  the  country,  and  doubly  dear  to  the  members  of  the 
Sixth  Regiment,  was  intended  to  be  held  as  a  holiday ; 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          227 

but  its  character  was  somewhat  changed  by  circumstances. 
Our  shelter-tents  were  pitched  against  the  logs  of  our 
breastworks,  and  each  man  had  his  accoutrements  on ; 
while  the  cannonade,  and  the  hum  of  rifle-bullets  from  a 
foe  separated  from  us  but  by  a  narrow  stream,  gave  to 
the  day  an  emphasis  that  no  civic  display,  no  holiday 
show,  could  impart.  It  was  the  holy  Sabbath  ;  and  yet, 
with  all  the  preparations  of  war  around  us,  we  watched  the 
foe  and  were  ready  for  his  approach. 

Deserters  began  to  report  that  Longstreet  had  no  in 
tention  of  besieging  Suffolk,  but  that  he  designed  to  hold 
us  in  by  a  strong  front,  while  he  was  raking  the  country 
of  all  food,  negroes,  and  animals.  During  those  times, 
we  appreciated  the  efforts  of  Gen.  Peck,  in  obliging  us  to 
dig  so  much  for  months  before.  Spades  became  trumps 
with  us,  and  we  agreed  that,  in  its  place,  "  the  spade  is 
mightier  than  the  sword." 

With  the  exception  of  slight  skirmishes,  one  day  fol 
lowed  another  without  much  variation.  We  kept  close 
watch  from  our  rifle-pits  and  parapets,  and,  on  seeing  a 
little  puff  of  smoke,  took  the  hint,  and  stepped  aside  before 
the  messenger  of  death  had  quite  time  to  reach  us ;  and 
many  a  souvenir  of  Suffolk  was  brought  away,  in  the 
shape  of  a  bullet  well  intended,  but  that  failed  to  perform 
the  errand  on  which  it  was  sent.  Some  of  them,  how 
ever,  came  surprisingly  near,  and  a  few  left  emphatic 
marks  on  the  persons  of  soldiers.  The  wonder  was 
ever  newthat  so  many  could  be  fired  and  so  few  hit, — 
not  one  to  ten  thousand  shots. 


228         THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

April  23d,  we  were  all  laughing  over  a  jolly  and  per 
fectly  sailor-like  adventure  that  occurred. 

A    detachment  of  tars,  to  the  number  of  seventy-five, 
landed  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Nansemond,  with  a  little 
howitzer,  and  a  mule-cart  load  of  ammunition,  and  pro 
ceeded  toward  the  village  of  Chuckatuct,  a  short  distance 
from  the  river.     As  they  approached  the  place,  they  found 
it  in  possession  of  a  squad  of  rebel  cavalry,  that  seemed  to 
be  the  rear-guard  of  a  retreating  force.     Firing  immedi 
ately  commenced,  whereat  the  mule  attached  to  the  am 
munition  cart  became  greatly  "  demoralized,"  as  the  rebels 
call  being  afraid,  and  he  broke,  and  ran  for  the  enemy. 
Seeing  that  they  were  in  great  danger  of  losing  all  their 
ammunition,  our  nautical  allies,  regardless  of  rebel  shots, 
went  on  the  double-quick  after  the  supplies,  meanwhile 
peppering  away  at  the  enemy.     This  movement  was  a 
new  one  to  the  rebels,  and  in  a  short  time  nothing  could 
be  seen  but  the  tails  of  their  horses.     The  tars  caught 
their  refractory  animal,  and  found  a  rebel  captain  and 
three  soldiers  killed,  and  captured  three  horses,  and  last 
but  not  least,  the  "town"  of  Chuckatuck.      The   end 
of  the  adventure  corresponded  with  the  beginning.     One 
of  the  sailors  attempted  to  ride  one  of  the  captured  horses 
home,  and  the  animal,  not  used  to  marine  methods  of 
steering,  ran  away  with  his  rider,  who  shouted  "Avast !  " 
"  Belay !  "  and  all  the  terms  he  could  think  of,  in  vain. 
Not  liking  his  position,  he  drew  his  revolver,  and  plunked 
a  ball  through  the  head  of  his  horse,  and  literally  brought 
him  to. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          229 

On  the  24th,  a  reconnoissance  proceeded  by  the  Eden- 
ton  and  Somerton  roads.  The  Edenton  force  was  quite 
large,  under  Col.  Foster,  of  the  Thirteenth  Indiana  ;  and 
the  Somerton  expedition  was  commanded  by  Col.  Buhler, 
of  the  One  Hundred  Sixty  Fifth  Pennsylvania,  leaving 
Col.  Follansbee,  of  the  Massachusetts  Sixth,  in  command 
of  the  entire  front  toward  these  roads.  Lieut-Col.  Beals, 
of  the  Sixth,  led  the  right,  and  our  force  pushed  on  to  a 
position  just  in  front  of  the  rebel  rifle-pits,  when  our  bat 
tery  shelled  the  enemy  with  great  severity,  and  the  skir 
mishers  worked  their  way  up  as  near  as  was  contem 
plated  ^n  the  movement,  —  the  object  on  the  Somerton 
road  being  to  engage  the  enemy's  attention,  while  the  real 
engagement  in  force  was  on  the  other  road.  The  boys 
went  in  gallantly,  the  Sixth  —  the  only  New  England 
regiment  on  this  road  —  consisting  of  companies  C,  G, 
H,and  I,  with  small  details  from  all  the  other  companies 
except  D,  behaving  as  coolly  as  could  be  asked.  The 
only  reply  was  from  the  enemy's  rifle-pits. 

Out  of  about  forty  killed  and  wounded,  the  Sixth  had 
one'  man  slightly  wounded,  C.  C.  Foot,  company  G.  The 
same  day,  Horace  W.  Waldron,  of  company  D,  was 
wounded  in  the  leg  by  a  ball  from  a  sharpshooter.  His 
company  was  stationed  at  the  Petersburg  Railroad  Bridge 
two  weeks,  skirmishing  with  sharpshooters;  and  his  was 
the  first  injury  received,  though  John  Hood,  of  company 
D,  was  knocked  over  by  a  ball  that  passed  through  a  seven- 
inch  cypress  log,  and  struck  him  on  the  breast.  The  es 
capes  that  might  be  chronicled  seem  almost  miraculous. 


230          THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

On  Sunday,  the  26th,  quite  interesting  interviews  took 
place,  under  a  flag  of  truce,  in  front  of  our  camp,  be 
tween  Col.  Follansbee,  Major  Stott,  who  was  officer  of  the 
day,  and  other  officers,  and  a  party  of  rebel  officers.  At 
the  first  meeting,  in  the  morning,  quite  a  shabby  repre 
sentation  of  the  enemy  appeared.  The  colonel  wore  a 
pair  of  blue  pantaloons,  with  a  sergeant's  stripes,  and 
other  integuments  equally  unsuitable  to  his  rank,  includ 
ing  a  shocking  bad  hat ;  and  his  confreres  were  in  keep 
ing  with  him  in  their  habiliments,  for  the  only  uniform 
the  rebels  seem  to  have  hereabouts  is  a  lack  of  uniformity. 
At  an  adjournment,  in  the  afternoon,  however,  a  different 
set  attended,  more  fortunate  in  their  apparel,  and  dressed 
in  cadet  gray,  showing  that  some  of  the  enemy,  at  least, 
can  wear  good  clothes.  Cigars  and  refreshments  circu 
lated  (at  the  expense  of  our  officers,  of  course),  and  all 
drank  to  peace,  without  specifying  the  conditions.  At 
the  second  meeting  a  general  order  from  Gen.  Longstreet 
was  produced,  prohibiting  all  flags  of  truce,  unless  or 
dered  by  the  commander-in-chief  of  one  of  the  armies. 

John  Humphrey,  on  the  27th  April,  John  M.  Davis,  , 
on  the  28th,  and  Geo.  B.  Whitney,  on  the  28th,  all  of 
company  D,  were  slightly  wounded. 

At  4  o'clock,  May  1,  said  my  correspondence  with  the 
"  Tribune,"  "  The  New  York  Ninety-Ninth,  Col.Wardrop, 
led  by  Lieut.- Col.  Nixon,  Col.  Wardrop  being  brigade 
commander,  was  ordered  to  cross  the  South  Quay  Bridge 
and  ascertain  the  strength  of  the  enemy  in  the  rifle-pits 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          2.')1 

fronting  Gen.  Terry.  The  enemy  had  been  permitted 
to  honeycomb  the  land  across  the  river  with  his  rifle-pits, 
so  that  he  not  only  was  able  to  annoy  the  gunners  on  the 
forts,  but  to  wound  men  in  the  roads,  and  even  in  the 
camps  on  the  South  Quay.  After  having  been  very  active 
and  annoying  for  several  days  past,  they  had  become  very 
quiet,  and  the  Ninety-Ninth  was  sent  out  to  reconnoitre. 
Laying  plank  across  the  gap  in  the  bridge,  about  two 
hundred  and  fifty  went  over.  The  enemy  understood  the 
movement,  and  succeeded  in  decoying  the  brave  fellows 
along,  by  firing  only  an  occasional  shot,  until  they  were 
very  near  the  rifle-pits,  when  the  hottest  volleys  were  sent 
out  from  behind  their  breastworks,  and  large  reinforce 
ments  emerged  from  the  woods  and  deployed  from  the  rear 
of  the  pits.  Then  the  cannon  from  Fort  Nansemond,  the 
South  Quay  batteries,  and  from  light  batteries  which  had 
been  playing  on  the  rifle-pits  with  accurate  aim  and 
thorough  execution,  were  pointed  at  the  advancing  col 
umn  of  gray.  The  whole  scene  was  in  full  view  of  thou 
sands  ;  and  our  boys,  who  were  compelled  to  be  inactive 
spectators,  could  not  repress  cheers  of  joy  as  they  saw 
the  solid  shot  and  shell  plough  through  the  ranks  of  the 
enemy.  We  have  no  means  of  knowing  the  loss  of  the 
rebels,  but  it  must  have  been  very  large  compared  with 
our  own. 

"  Meanwhile,  our  infantry  being  entirely  inadequate  to 
the  work  of  advancing  on  such  a  force,  fell  back  and  re- 
crossed  the  bridge,  leaving,  however,  twenty  or  thirty 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

« 
of  their  number  killed  and  wounded  on  the  field,  within  a 

short  distance  of  the  enemy's  sharpshooters.  The  en 
gagement  lasted  about  two  hours. 

"At  about  sundown,  some  two  hundred  commenced  the 
hazardous  work  of  bringing  off  the  dead  and  wounded. 
As  each  one,  bent  on  his  humane  errand,  and  without 
arms,  crept  along  behind  what  shelter  the  formation  of 
the  land  permitted,  the  murderous  villains  in  the  rifle- 
pits  would  exercise  their  skill  in  shooting  at  them,  until 
it  became  so  dark  that  they  could  not  see  to  draw  a  bead. 
But  the  brave  fellows  persevered,  notwithstanding,  and 
brought  off  every  one  of  the  killed  and  wounded. 

"  Among  those  who  volunteered  to  this  humane  work 
was  Quartermaster-sergeant  0.  F.  Swift,  of  the  Sixth 
Massachusetts  (of  Falmouth).  The  whole  scene  was  in 
full  view  of  our  regiment.  The  number  of  casualties 
was  forty-one  killed  and  wounded,  —  all  of  the  Ninety- 
Ninth  New  York.  The  Ninety-Ninth  was  partly  raised  in 
Massachusetts.  The  list  of  killed  and  wounded — forty- 
one  out  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  —  tells  an  honorable 
story  of  gallantry  in  behalf  of  the  Ninety-Ninth." 

THE   SIEGE   RAISED. 

Circumstances  had  for  several  days  indicated  that 
the  force  beleaguering  Suffolk,  after  twenty-two  days  in 
front  of  it,  were  about  departing;  and  on  Sunday,  May 
3d,  Gen.  Getty  and  a  strong  force  crossed  the  river  to 
test  their  position,  and  ascertain  their  intentions.  En- 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.  233 

gagements  took  place  at  several  points  ;  but  the  enemy 
were  evidently  on  the  move,  as  was  afterwards  ascer 
tained,  to  the  assistance  of  Lee. 

The  Sixth  was  kept  behind  the  fortifications,  in  reserve, 
though  the  writer  of  these  pages  was  out  to  the  front,  and 
was  a  sad  spectator  of  the  fall  of  Rev.  Dr.  F.  E.  Butler, 
chaplain  of  the  Twenty  Fifth  New  Jersey,  an  estimable 
gentleman  and  faithful  officer.  He  accompanied  him  to  his 
quarters,  and  assisted  at  his  funeral  service.  It  was  soon 
ascertained  through  deserters,  prisoners,  residents  along 
the  roads,  and  the  ever  faithful  contrabands,  that  the 
rebels  were  hastening  across  the  Blackwater.  The  gen 
eral  movement  commenced  at  sundown,  Sunday. 

THE   ENEMY   PURSUED. 

The  Sixth  joined  in  the  pursuit,  on  the  morning  of  the 
4th,  on  the  Somerton  road.  The  following  letter  was 
written  at  the  time  for  the  Boston  "  Journal :  "  — 

"  The  c  siege  of  Suffolk '  has  been  raised.  The  be 
leaguering  foe  has  '  folded  his  tents  like  the  Arabs,  and 
silently  stolen  away,'  only  he  hadn't  a  chance  to  steal 
any  tent,  and  so  liad  none.  And  to-day  we  are  return 
ing  from  shelter-tents  to  barracks,  and  from  rifle-pits  to 
our  old  shanties,  without  any  running  accompaniment  of 
whizzing  bullets  whenever  we  show  our  heads.  The  inky 
Blackwater,  twenty-two  miles  away,  rolls  between  us  and 
the  discomfited  rebels.  We  are  all  as  willing  to  4  speed  the 
parting '  as  we  were  ready  to  '  welcome  the  coming  guest.' 


234          THE  NINE  MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

They  began  their  retreat  simultaneously  with  the  cross 
ing  of  Gen.  Getty's  troops  on  the  night  of  Saturday,  and 
during  the  fighting  of  Sunday  they  were  already  depart 
ing.  What  Gen.  Peck  set  in  motion  to  feel  their  position, 
they  regarded  as  a  movement  in  force  to  flank  them ;  and 
though  they  professed  a  desire  to  meet  us  outside  of  our 
works,  yet  at  the  first  serious  attack  they  hastened  to  de 
part.  On  Monday  morning,  at  daylight,  not  a  regiment 
was  left  within  five  hours'  march  of  our  troops,  and  be 
fore  noon  of  Monday  they  were  across  their  Styx,  in 
the  Hades  beyond. 

"  The  Sixth  Regiment  and  other  forces,  not  knowing 
but  they  might  be  on  a  ruse,  started  on  their  track  at  sun 
rise.  We  followed  the  Somerton  road  twelve  miles;  but 
aside  from  stragglers  and  deserters,  not  a  rebel  soldier 
could  be  found.  About  a  hundred  were  picked  up  on 
that  road,  and  more  than  as  many  more  on  other  roads, 
by  other  forces,  that  have  explored  all  the  approaches  to 
this  place,  even  as  far  as  Carsville.  The  roads  are  en 
tirely  clear  of  men,  though  the  excellent  earthworks  on 
all  those  approaches  show  that  there  would  have  been 
warm  work  had  we  gone  out  to  assault  them  ;  for  it  must 
be  confessed,  that  for  neatness  and  beauty, —  though  I 
cannot  think  for  strength, —  they  far  surpass  ours.  But 
their  character  establishes  one  fact :  if  they  came  here 
intending  to  assault  our  works,  they  immediately  aban 
doned  that  purpose,  for  their  works  are  too  far  out  to 
command  our  entrenchments,  and  they  are  constructed 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          235 

solely  to  defend  against  attacks  Suffolkward.     This  they 
do  effectually. 

LONGSTREET'S  PURPOSE. 

"  I  talked  with  a  good  many  prisoners  and  deserters, 
and  residents  along  the  road,  black  and  white,  who  lis 
tened  to  the  conversation  of  officers  ;  and  they  all  agree 
that  the  expedition  was  for  forage,  of  which  there  is 
good  evidence  to  make  one  believe  they  obtained  an 
immense  quantity. 

"  One  deserter  tells  me  that  he  heard  a  quartermaster 
say  they  had  obtained  1,500,000  pounds  of  pork,  besides 
beef,  corn,  etc. ;  and  one  bright  fellow  —  a  contraband  — 
told  me  he  saw  an  immense  drove  of  cattle,  in  which,  he 
heard  a  man  -tell  an  officer,  there  was  about  a  thou 
sand  head,  besides  other  droves  he  saw.  Think  of  the 
army  this  immense  quantity  would  feed,  and  then  think 
that  we  have  been  '  protecting '  it  all  this  time,  in  other 
words,  saving  it  up  to  enable  the  enemy  to  protract  the 
war.  Every  highway  and  cross-road  has  been  ransacked 
and  raked  clean  of  all  portable  food,  paid  for  in  Confed 
erate  scrip,  or  taken  without  pay, —  which  amounts  to 
pretty  much  the  same  thing,  —  leaving  the  impoverished 
inhabitants  with  scarcely  enough  to  keep  the  wolf  from 
the  door  till  the  lean  and  stingy  earth  hereabouts  can  be 
made  to  send  out  a  little  corn,  or  a  few  long-nosed  shoats 
can  grow  into  something  resembling  *  meat.'  The  Lord 
pity  the  women  and  children  among  them !  The  food 


23 G  THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

they    obtained    was    immediately    transported    towards 
Franklin,  and  thence  by  rail  to  feed  Southern  soldiers. 

OUR   PURPOSE. 

"  Surely  the  Sixth  Regiment  and  the  Seventh  Battery 
have  reasons  for  thankfulness  as  they  remember  how  they 
have  escaped.  For  twenty-two  days,  company  D  has  been 
stationed  at  a  post  where,  it  is  within  bounds  to  say,  ten 
thousand  balls  were  fired  at  them  by  sharpshooters,  and 
yet  but  one  was  seriously  hurt,  and  he  is  doing  finely, 
while  the  others  have  been  more  or  less  exposed  all  the 
time,  and  in  one  sharp  skirmish,  and  all  preserved.  So 
the  Seventh,  on  Sunday,  occupied  a  post  of  great  expos 
ure,  and  did  excellent  service ;  and,  though  shells  hit 
cannon  and  wounded  horses,  not  a  man  was  harmed. 

"  We  are  all  quiet  to-day,  and  it  seems  like  Sunday 
to  us  all.  Whether  we  shall  remain  as  we  are,  or  be 
sent  in  advance,  or  go  around  and  help  gallant  Joe 
Hooker,  we  know  not.  Undoubtedly,  great  changes  in 
the  disposition  of  the  forces  will  immediately  take  place. 
Of  them  it  is  not  proper  that  I  should  tell  what  I  know, 
which  I  may  say,  en  passant,  is  very  little. 

"  The  enemy's  loss,  in  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners, 
was  estimated  at  from  eight  hundred  to  one  thousand. 
Our  loss  during  the  twenty-three  days  was  forty-four 
killed,  two  hundred  and  twelve  wounded,  and  very  few 
prisoners.  Gen.  Peck  issued  the  following  congratula 
tory  order :  — 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          237 

HEAD-QUAUTERS,  U.  S.  FORCES, 

SUFFOLK,  VA.,  May  5,  1863. 

General  Order  No.  31.  The  Commanding  General  recognizes 
in  the  issue  of  the  ineffectual  investment  of  Suffolk  for  twenty- 
three  days  by  the  enemy,  and  in  the  final  withdrawal  of  his  baffled 
and  dispirited  forces,  marked  evidences  of  the  Almighty's, 
favor.  With  the  acknowledged  flower  of  his  army,  after  long 
premeditation,  with  superior  numbers,  and  under  his  ablest  gen 
erals,  he  has  failed.  In  view  of  this  gratifying  test  of  the  forti 
tude  and  gallantry  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  this  command, 
the  General  Commanding  tenders  them  renewed  expressions  of 
confidence  and  thanks. 

By  command  of  Maj.-Gen.  PECK. 

BENJ.  B.  FOSTER,  Maj.,  A.  A.  General. 

There  were  apprehensions  that  the  enemy  might  re 
turn,  and  heavy  details  were  hard  at  work  on  the 
defences,  and  large  numbers  were  constantly  kept  on 
picket.  The  weather,  meanwhile,  grew  very  warm,  and 
for  a  week  we  enjoyed  the  accompaniments  of  a  south 
ern  spring. 

THE   LAST   BLACKWATER   MARCH. 

Wednesday,  May  13th,  the  regiment  again  heard  the 
bugle  call,  and  the  drums  beat,  and  the  familiar  order, 
"  Fall  in  with  three  days'  rations."  We  started  just 
after  noon,  and  marched  somewhat  deliberately  to  the 
old  "  Deserted  House,"  where  we  bivouacked  two  hours. 
The  expedition  was  commanded  by  Col.  Foster ;  and 
Foster's  brigade  was  commanded  by  Col.  Follansbee. 
The  object  of  the  expedition  was  to  protect  a  party  of 


238          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

workmen  engaged  in  taking  up  the  rails  of  the  Seaboard 
and  Roanoke  Railway,  so  that  the  rebels  could  not  use 
the  roads,  nor  convey  the  rails  away  to  repair  their  other 
roads,  or  manufacture  batteries  with  them.  The  weather 
was  oppressively  hot,  and  the  march  a  very  hard  one, 
continuing  through  the  night ;  and  the  column  reached 
Carsville  at  daylight.  Col.  Follansbee  commanded  the 
advance,  while  the  main  body  rested  at  Carsville.  The  ad 
vance  halted  about  three  miles  from  the  Blackwater,  where 
the  workmen  were  employed  in  tearing  up  the  rails,  and 
sending  them  back  on  the  track  by  horse-power.  While 
busily  engaged  in  their  work,  they  were  suddenly  scattered 
by  the  explosion  of  shells  from  a  rebel  battery  that  had  dis 
covered  their  movements.  This  discovery  was  caused  by 
the  conduct  of  the  brave,  but  impetuous,  Col.  Spear,  who 
determined  to  capture  the  rebel  pickets  known  to  be  in 
front  of  an  earthwork  of  theirs,  at  the  junction  of  the 
railroad  and  the  pike.  The  writer  of  these  pages,  anxious 
to  see  a  cavalry  charge,  obtained  the  gallant  colonel's 
leave  to  join  his  squadrons.  Away  we  went.  I  could 
think  of  nothing  but  a  whirlwind,  a  cloud  of  dust  con 
cealing  us  from  each  other ;  and  the  horses,  all  used  to  the 
thing,  seemed  to  enjoy  it  quite  as  much  as  the  riders.  We 
drove  the  rebel  videttes  into  their  fortifications,  and  then 
as  swiftly  countermarched.  It  seemed  as  if  we  flew  ;  and 
my  own  enthusiasm  at  one  time  was  lost  in  the  thought 
that  my  mare  —  educated  in  the  cavalry  —  would  carry 
me  out  ahead  of  all,  as  she  passed  one  after  another. 


THE   NINE'   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          239 

But  my  feelings  changed  considerably,  as  the  rebels  in 
large  force  followed  us  back,  and  I  saw  I  should  not  bring 
up  the  rear.  Of  all  the  excitements  I  ever  experienced, 
commend  me  to  a  cavalry  charge.  We  returned,  having 
narrowly  escaped,  capturing  several  prisoners  by  the  aid 
of  two  companies  of  the  Indiana  Thirteenth,  deployed 
down  an  intersecting  road. 

Gallant  as  was  this  charge,  it  proved  a  damage  to  our 
enterprise,  for  the  detachments  that  followed  us  discov 
ered  our  working  party ;  and  when  about  five  hundred 
yards  of  the  track  had  been  removed,  the  workmen,  par 
ticularly  the  darkies,  came  skedaddling  at  a  two-forty  pace 
down  the  railroad,  followed  by  the  solid  shot  and  shell 
of  a  couple  cannon  that  were  hurried  after  them  to  a 
place  commanding  them  perfectly.  The  regiments  pro 
tecting  them  wer,e  very  much  exposed,  and  withdrew 
immediately.  A  Pennsylvania  regiment  set  a  very  bad 
example.  I  happened  to  be  going  up  the  track  to  dis 
cover  what  progress  the  working  party  was  making,  when 
I  saw  the  hospital  attendants  and  surgeon,  the  latter  in 
his  shirt-sleeves,  running  away  from  the  place  where  duty 
called  them,  accompanied  by  many  of  the  soldiers.  In 
justice  to  the  regiment,  however,  let  it  be  said  that  the 
officers  did  not  flinch,  and  succeeded  in  rallying  the  bal 
ance.  Col.  Foster  was  under  positive  instructions  from 
Gen.  Peck  not  to  bring  on  an  engagement,  unless  in  de 
fence  of  his  enterprise  ;  and  Col.  Follansbee,  who  had 
command  of  the  infantry,  wisely  withdrew  to  our  main 


240          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

position,  it  being  the  opinion  of  both  officers  that  the 
lives  of  men  are  of  more  value  than  railroad  iron.  In 
this  attack,  there  were  three  killed  and  ten  wounded. 

During  the  engagement,  our  regiment,  with  others, 
was  ordered  to  the  front,  where  position  was  taken  out 
of  the  range  of  the  enemy's  artillery,  and  the  workmen 
continued  their  labors.  We  were  kept  in  line  of  battle, 
just  out  of  Carrsville,  during  the  night  of  the  14th.  It 
rained  hard  during  the  night,  and  the  boys  were  thor 
oughly  saturated.  Attacks  were  made  on  the  pickets. 

SHARP   FIGHTING. 

On  the  loth,  the  enemy  troubled  our  pickets ;  and 
companies  A  and  F  were  ordered  forward  from  the  main 
body,  as  skirmishers.  The  enemy  was  found  to  be  ad 
vancing  in  large  force  ;  and  the  rest  of  die  regiment,  with 
cavalry,  and  Lieut.  Farrar's  section  of  the  Seventh  Mas 
sachusetts  Battery,  were  sent  up  to  support  them.  The 
artillery  was  posted  in  the  road,  just  in  front  of"  Holland's 
House,"  near  "  Hebron  Church;"  and  the  Sixth  was  in 
support  of  the  battery,  the  right  and  left  wings  on  each 
side  of  the  road,  respectively.  Companies  D  and  B  were 
then  sent  forward  to  reinforce  our  skirmishers  ;  the  enemy 
and  our  skirmishers  being  concealed  in  the  woods,  while 
our  three  lines  of  battle  stretched  across  an  open  field,  our 
regiment,  a  part  of  the  New  York  One  Hundred  and 
Twelfth,  and  Farrar's  (section  of  the  Seventh)  Battery 
constituting  the  first  line.  The  enemy  advanced  in  force, 


THE   NINE  MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          241 

and  our  skirmishers  fell  back  to  the  line  of  battle.  The 
enemy  then  appeared  in  the  edge  of  the  woods,  and 
opened  on  us  vigorously  with  musketry.  Our  artillery 
and  first  line  of  battle  replied,  and  for  nearly  an  hour 
the  firing  resembled  the  continuous  roll  of  drums.  The 
engagement  closed,  and  strange  to  say,  though  the  air 
was  thick  with  flying  bullets,  and  though  the  trees  near 
the  house,  the  gun-carriages,  and  caissons,  and  fence- 
rails  were  perforated  with  balls,  not  a  man  was  scratched. 
A  tree  near  which  the  colonel  stood  was  tattooed  as 
though  a  woodpecker  were  rapping  it,  during  the  action. 

At  the  end  of  an  hour,  or  thereabouts,  companies  H 
and  G,  with  some  of  the  Tenth  New  Jersey,  were  thrown 
forward  into  the  woods  as  skirmishers  ;  and  they  drove  the 
rebel  skirmishers  back  to  their  lines,  when  they  were  re 
called,  and  C  and  I  were  sent  out.  They  were  imme 
diately  charged  by  the  rebels  in  superior  force,  when 
they  fell  back.  One  horse  was  killed  and  nine  wounded 
in  the  Seventh  Battery  by  sharpshooters.  A  part  re 
mained  in  the  woods,  and  laid  between  and  under  the 
two  fires,  which,  as  before,  broke  out  with  great  fury,  and 
was  general  along  both  lines,  the  enemy  employing  only 
infantry  to  our  infantry  and  artillery.  The  firing,  as  be 
fore,  subsided  by  the  falling  back  of  our  forces  a  short 
distance,  to  draw  the  enemy  on,  and  then  we  advanced 
again,  to  resume  our  former  position. 

While  we  were  returning,  the  fire  became  fast  and 
furious  on  the  part  of  the  rebels,  and  the  hottest  part 

16 


242         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

of  the  engagement  then  came  on.  The  battery  got 
out  of  ammunition,  so  that  the  fight  was  one  of  infantry 
alone.  To  protect  our  guns,  as  well  as  to  secure  a  better 
position,  we  fell  back  to  the  opposite  edge  of  the  field  in 
which  we  were,  and  picketed  that  position  for  the  night. 
In  the  last  engagement,  the  Sixth  was  not  on  the  front, 
it  having  given  place  to  others  that  had  not  borne  the 
great  heat  and  exposure  of  the  day. 

All  of  the  losses  experienced  by  our  regiment  were 
during  the  second  round  :  — 

KILLED  —  Ira  Bowles ;  Geo.  H.  Grey. 

WOUNDED  —  Company  C,  J.  E.  Wilson,  slight ;  G.  I.  Fox, 
leg,  mortal ;  Anson  G.  Thurston,  leg,  mortal ;  John  Keith,  lungs, 
serious ;  Lewis  A.  Pierce,  leg ;  David  H.  Goodhue,  mortal.  Com 
pany  B,  C.  A.  Luce,  arm,  severe ;  G.  F.  Lillis,  arm,  slight ;  G.  A. 
Farnsworth,  slight.  Company  H,  Hiram  E.  Hartford ;  Chas.  F. 
Clark,  wrist,  severe  ;  Augustus  P.  Frazer,  head,  slight.  Company 
K,  Thos.  Lines,  slight ;  Albert  L.  Burgess,  slight.  Company  F, 
Thomas  Drinan,  slight. 

MISSING  —  Joseph  Stevens,  of  Company  I,  a  drummer,  taken 
prisoner,  unhurt.  Fox  and  Thurston  were  wounded,  and  taken 
prisoners ;  and  J.  M.  Thurston,  father  of  A.  G.,  and  W.  H.  Drinker, 
of  Company  D,  went  in  search  of  Thurston  and  Fox ;  and  J.  Sweat, 
D.  H.  Godhue,  Norman  I.  Austin,  and  B.  F.  Evans  went  in  with 
a  stretcher,  and  all  but  Evans  were  captured.  As  these  brave 
fellows  approached  on  their  humane  errand,  the  rebels  began  to 
fire.  An  officer  among  them  shouted  to  his  men  to  desist  firing, 
as  the  boys  were  aiding  the  wounded.  This  was  done  to  catch 
them ;  for,  as  soon  as  they  were  within  their  reach,  they  were 
seized. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         243 

Fox,  Thurston,  and  Goodhue  afterwards  died  of  their 
wounds,  in  rebel  hospitals.  They  were  gallant  fellows. 
Indeed,  it  was  a  common  remark  that  it  would  be  difficult 
for  the  enemy  to  destroy  so  much  moral  excellence  in  the 
same  number  of  men,  among  the  survivors. 

Grey  was  placed  in  a  gig,  after  having  been  stripped 
of  clothing,  and  in  the  night  was  run  near  our  pickets, 
where  he  was  found  in  the  morning,  the  brutes  who  had 
killed  him  having  thus  insulted  his  lifeless  remains. 

Thurston  died  of  the  wound  in  his  leg.  His  father 
was  with  him,  and  was  afterwards  exchanged.  He  was 
a  young  man  of  much  promise,  having  left  Harvard  Uni 
versity,  where  he  had  been  two  years,  at  his  country's 
call. 

During  the  night  of  the  loth,  the  enemy  tried  a  scheme 
to  entrap  prisoners.  They  would  call,  so  that  our  pickets 
could  hear  them,  "  Col.  Spear!  Col.  Spear!  Come  and 
get  me  ;  I  am  badly  wounded ;  I  can  go  no  further ;  I 
belong  to  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  ;  come  and  get  me !  " 
But  they  tried  in  vain. 

Next  day,  affairs  were  mostly  quiet  until  toward  noon, 
when  picket  firing  and  skirmishing  commenced,  which  at 
length  were  stilled  by  cannonading  from  Davis's  and  How 
ard's  batteries.  The  enemy  almost  surprised  the  unso 
phisticated  pickets  we  had  thrown  out  (from  the  Pennsyl 
vania  One  Hundred  and  Seventy- Sixth).  Their  uniforms 
are  so  nearly  the  color  of  the  dirt,  that  they  can  scarcely 
be  distinguished  from  it.  Taking  advantage  of  this  fact, 


244         THE  NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

a  large  number  of  them  had  wriggled  their  way  along 
till  almost  up  to  our  front,  when  they  rose,  and  with 
a  yell  charged.  For  a  moment  our  pickets  fell  back ; 
but  Howard's  and  Davis's  guns  opened  on  the  enemy, 
and  they  rapidly  retreated  to  their  position.  In  the 
skirmish,  we  had  one  man  mortally  and  five  otherwise 
wounded.  The  enemy's  loss  must  have  been  consider 
able.  Next  night  all  was  quiet.  The  enemy's  force  was 
about  8,000,  mainly  infantry. 

INCIDENTS. 

It  was  a  sight  of  thrilling  beauty  and  interest  to  see 
the  boys  of  the  Sixth  (while  those  who  were  with  them 
from  other  regiments,  unused  to  the  skirmish  drill,  fal 
tered)  go  forward  in  perfect  line,  rise  and  fall  like  one 
man,  and  conduct  throughout  as  coolly  as  though  in  a 
sham-fight.  Making  off  myself  with  a  wounded  man  on 
my  horse,  who  was  hit  at  my  side  at  one  time,  and  at  an 
other  lying  so  close  to  the  ground  that  an  emmet  could 
scarcely  crawl  under  me,  I  could  not  help  seeing  how 
admirably  our  boys  were  distinguishing  themselves  during 
the  last  days  of  their  service. 

It  is  curious  to  think  how  men's  thoughts  will  assume 
a  ludicrous  phase,  even  under  circumstances  of  great 
personal  danger.  After  the  first  round  of  fighting  was 
over,  I  had  just  been  into  the  house  ("  Hollands"),  and, 
supposing  the  engagement  was  ended  for  the  present, 
and  that  our  men  would  lie  on  their  arms  for  a  while,  I 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          245 

was  moving  a  few  rods  to  the  rear,  where  our  hospital  was 
located,  to  endeavor  to  sleep  a  little  in  the  church,  as 
doubtless  u  many  a  friend  and  brother  had  done  before 
me,"  when  the  second  volley  suddenly  burst  upon  us.  I 
fell  prostrate  on  my  face,  some  three  rods  behind  our  line 
of  battle,  and  finding  that  the  bullets  sang  their  death- 
song  rather  nearer  than  was  pleasant,  I  began  to  devise 
some  way  of  bettering  my  prospects,  for  I  lay  on  my  face. 
It  seemed  to  me  that  I  had  chosen  an  unfortunate  posi 
tion  ;  for  the  most  prominent  part  of  my  body,  in  that 
position,  was  one  on  which  I  could  not  describe  the  wounds 
in  a  mixed  company.  I  turned  on  my  back,  and  then  I 
remembered  that  a  wound  in  the  bowels  is  more  likely 
to  prove  fatal  than  elsewhere,  and,  besides,  my  head  was 
toward  the  enemy,  and  thus  there  were  two  vital  presen 
tations  ;  so  I  placed  my  body  parallel  with  the  rebel  line 
of  battle,  when  1  suddenly  was  reminded  that  I  was  as 
much  .worse  off  than  before,  as  five  feet  nine  exceed  two 
feet.  Place  myself  as  I  would,  I  wished  I  was  otherwise 
and  otherwheres,  and  with  a  laugh  I  could  not  control,  I 
rose,  the  bullets  ploughing  the  dirt  and  sounding  their 
zmmm  all  around  me.  I  made  for  the  road,  and  lay 
under  the  slight  protection  of  the  bank,  till  the  firing 
subsided. 

Another  incident :  While  the  fight  was  going  on 
briskly,  our  men  lying  down  and  the  officers  standing, 
the  men  instinctively  hugged  the  ground,  when  one 
officer,  who  never  failed  to  do  his  duty,  standing  where 


246        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

his  command  could  not  see  him,  but  where  "  a  chiel 
among  them  taking  notes  "  could,  was  heard  to  say, 
"  Boys  [ducking  his  head],  don't  dodge!  [Another 
duck.]  It's  of  no  use  to  dodge  when  you  hear  the 
sound  of  a  bullet.  [Duck  again.]  The  ball  passes  long 
before  you  hear  the  sound.  [Duck.]  I  am  more  ex 
posed  here  than  you  are  [duck],  and  you  need  not 
dodge  more  than  /do !  "  [Duck  again.] 

A    VERACIOUS    CORRESPONDENT. 

I  ascertained,  at  this  time,  the  manner  in  which  some 
very  glowing  newspaper  reports  of  battles  have  been 
written.  The  reporter  of  a  New  York  sensation  sheet 
came  to  me,  as  I  was  standing  with  my  regiment,  and 
remarked  that  he  had  found  an  admirable  spot  from 
which  to  view  the  approaching  fight,  pointing  to  an  open 
place  in  the  field,  hard  by.  He  had  scarcely  spoken 
when  the  tattoo  of  .the  enemy's  musketry  began  ;  and,  as 
some  of  the  balls  hummed  uncomfortably  near,  he  tum 
bled  'off  his  horse,  and  crouching  to  the  ground,  and 
dragging  the  bit  almost  out  of  his  horse's  mouth,  in  his 
haste  to  get  to  the  rear,  he  disappeared  from  view,  amid 
the  derision  of  all  who  observed  his  cowardly  conduct. 
Next  day  I  met  him  in  Carsville,  some  three  miles  to  the 
rear.  He  came  forward  with  much  more  coolness,  I 
thought,  than  he  exhibited  the  day  before,  saying,  "  I 
found  a  better  spot  from  which  to  see  that  fight.  I 
made  up  my  mind  that  I  could  see  it  with  less  prejudice 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         247 

from  Carsville  !  "  When  the  paper  came,  containing  his 
account  of  the  affair,  it  began  in  these  words,  with  im 
mense  capitals  and  an  excess  of  exclamation  points : 
"  Great  fight  at  Carsville  ! !  !  Our  correspondent  in  the 
fight,  and  wounded  !  ! !  "  And  then  followed  a  long  ac 
count,  describing  what  was  accomplished  by  Corcoran's 
Brigade,  which  was  not  under  fire  at  all,  and  omitting 
all  mention  of  the  Massachusetts  Sixth,  and  New  York 
One  Hundred  and  Twelfth,  the  only  regiments  that  fired 
at  the  enemy.  So  much  for  surveying  matters  at  such 
a  distance. 

Recounting  such  incidents  as  these  of  ourselves  and 
each  other  serves  to  make  many  an  otherwise  tedious 
hour  of  camp  life  pass  away  pleasantly  and  cheerfully, 
and  the  memory  of  them  will  remain  with  us  life-long 
souvenirs. 

ALMOST   IN   RICHMOND. 

On  Saturday  night,  the  writer  of  these  pages  came 
near  taking  one  of  those  involuntary  journeys  to  Rich 
mond  that  so  many  of  our  men  have  accomplished.  Just 
before  dark,  I  had  an  interview  with  Dr.  Hand,  medical 
director,  who  had  come  out  from  Suffolk  to  obtain  facts 
concerning  the  casualties,  and  to  look  after  the  duties  of 
his  office,  and  gave  him  the  items  concerning  the  wound-' 
ed,  which,  in  the  exercise  of  my  duties  as  a  correspond 
ent,  I  had  gathered  ;  and  just  after  dark  it  occurred  to 
me  that  I  might  convey  to  the  readers  of  the  "  Tribune  " 
and  the  "Journal "  the  earliest  news  of  our  fight,  and 


248         THE   NINE    MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

also  bring  out  the  mails  that  had  arrived  for  the  mem 
bers  of  the  regiment,  and  thus  kill  two  birds  with  one 
stone.  Accordingly  I  started.  At  Kinsale  Swamp,  our 
last  regiment,  the  New  York  Ninety-Ninth,  was  posted. 
Col.  Wardrop  informed  me  that  Dr.  Hand  and  two  others 
had  just  gone  in  toward  Suffolk,  and  at  first  I  resolved 
to  hurry  after  him  and  overtake  him  ;  but,  on  reflection, 
concluded  to  save  my  horse's  wind,  in  case  it  were 
wanted.  I  soon  overtook  an  ambulance  train ;  but,  find 
ing  its  progress  too  slow,  I  left  it,  and  struck  out  on  my 
own  responsibility.  The  way  was  dark  and  lonely  enough. 
I  heard  a  gun  ahead  of  me,  after  leaving  Kinsale  Swamp, 
but  pushed  on,  keeping  a  leisure  lope  or  walk  in  the 
open,  but  giving  my  horse  her  rein  in  the  dense  woods. 
Thus  I  rode  about  eight  or  nine  miles,  till  I  came  to  our 
pickets,  three  or  four  miles  out  of  Suffolk.  No  one  had 
gone  in,  and  I  thought  that  perhaps  the  doctor  had  taken 
another  road. 

Next  morning,  I  went  to  head-quarters,  and  found  he 
had  not  made  his  appearance.  It  turned  out  that  he 
had  ridden  but  two  or  three  miles  when  he  was  suddenly 
ordered  to  halt.  He  declined  the  invitation  at  first,  and 
gave  his  horse  the  spur ;  but  a  more  pressing  invitation, 
in  the  shape  of  a  bullet  through  his  horse's  neck,  "  pre 
vailed  on  him  to  stop,"  and  his  horse  tumbled  headlong. 
The  next  feature  on  the  programme,  as  the  doctor 
jumped  up  to  run,  was  a  blow  with  the  butt  of  a  rifle 
on  the  head;  and  he  came  to  himself,  a  while  after, 


THE  NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.        249 

riding  on  a  strange  horse,  through  the  woods,  a  prisoner 
in  the  hands  of  a  squad  consisting  of  a  sergeant  and  six 
teen  men,  that  had  flanked  us,  and  that  lay  in  ambush 
to  pick  up  small  parties.  The  refusal  of  the  doctor  to 
halt  compelled  them  to  fire,  —  as  they  had  not  intend 
ed,  —  and  then  they  feared  that  the  shot  would  bring  a 
party  down  on  them ;  so  they  left  for  the  Black  water,  at 
Zuni.  A  few  minutes  after,  I  cantered  by,  and  found  no 
obstruction,  —  thanks  to  the  gun  that  was  fired  at  Dr. 
Hand.  But,  had  the  doctor  intimated  to  me  his  intention 
of  going  into  Suffolk  that  night,  or  had  I  overtaken  him, 
I  should  have  been  of  his  party,  and  might  have  got  a 
worse  fate  than  befell  him  ;  for  I  don't  think  I  would 
have  halted  unless  my  horse  or  self  had  received  more 
than  a  word.  He  was  exchanged  in  a  few  days,  as  I,  a 
noncombatant,  ordinarily  would  have  been  ;  but  the  cor 
respondence  for  the  New  York  "  Tribune  "  in  my  pocket 
might  have  given  me  a  bitter  dose  of  Southern  hospitality. 
That  is  as  far  as  I  ever  went  on  the  road  to  Richmond. 

CLOSING   SCENES. 

At  about  the  same  time,  Capt.  Jepson  went  into  Suffolk, 
sick,  with  a  couple  of  ambulances,  when,  as  they  were 
moving  slowly  along  the  road,  four  shots  were  fired  at 
them,  one  of  which  took  off  the  arm  of  one  of  the  two 
cavalrymen  riding  with  them.  There  were  not  more 
than  three  armed  men  with  our  train ;  but  the  cowards 
in  the  woods  only  dared  fire  from  a  distance.  I  have 


250         THE    NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

been  in  eight  fights  ;  and  it  will  illustrate  the  manner  in 
which,  for  at  least  two  years  of  the  war,  the  fighting  was 
done.  I  never  knew  our  army  to  be  posted  in  ths  woods, 
nor  the  rebels  to  fight  in  an  open  field.  Indeed,  I  never 
saw  a  rebel,  when  fighting  was  going  on,  unless  he  was 
brought  in  as  a  prisoner.  They  always  kept  in  the 
woods,  and  our  troops  always  occupied  the  open. 

Having  finished  our  task,  our  forces  fell  back  in  the 
night  of  the  18th,  toward  Deserted  House,  when  a  mel 
ancholy  blunder  and  fatal  mistake  occurred,  between 
Deserted  House  and  Carrsville.  Our  forces  were  mov 
ing,  by  two  highways  and  the  Seaboard  Railroad,  in 
three  parallel  lines,  from  Carrsville  to  Deserted  House, 
having  started  a  little  after  midnight.  They  had  been 
about  an  hour  on  the  march,  when  the  columns  on  the 
other  two  roads  were  startled  at  hearing  the  sound  of  a 
volley  of  musketry  from  the  northern  route.  In  a  short 
time  several  men  from  the  New  York  (Corcoran's) 
Legion,  hatless  and  without  arms,  which  they  had  dis 
gracefully  thrown  away,  came  running  across  from  the 
road  on  which  the  firing  was  heard,  through  the  woods, 
to  the  railroad,  and  reported  to  Col.  Foster  that  the 
rebels  had  fired  upon  them  and  charged  them.  One  of 
them  declared  that  a  whole  regiment  charged  his  com 
pany,  and  that  he  and  one  or  two  others  alone  were  left 
to  tell  the  tale  ! 

Col.  Foster  ordered  two  of  Col.  Follansbee's  regiments 
arid  two  pieces  of  artillery  to  hurry  to  the  scene  of  con- 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          251 

flict,  and  despatched  orders  for  one  of  the  regiments  sta 
tioned  at  Deserted  House  to  move  to  the  same  place, 
when  word  came  from  Col.  Murphy  that  his  column  had 

arrived   at  Deserted  House.     Col.  ,  of  the  , 

was  lighting  his  pipe  or  cigar  with  a  match,  when  his 
horse  jumped  suddenly,  and  caused  a  man's  musket  to 
go  off,  when  it  was  supposed  to  be  an  attack  on  the  regi 
ment,  and  a  most  disgraceful  panic  ensued.  Men  threw 
away  their  arms  and  accoutrements,  and  in  their  igno 
minious  haste  to  escape  supposed  danger,  rendered  them 
selves  helpless  and  powerless  by  their  own  folly,  while 
others,  wildly  and  at  random,  fired  into  each  other,  and 
killed  three,  and  wounded  four  men.  In  the  confusion 
that  followed,  for  a  short  time,  we  had  a  miniature  Bull 
Run. 

THE   MARCH   TOWARD   HOME. 

We  bivouacked,  on  the  night  of  the  19th,  on  ground 
for  which  we  fought  on  the  30th  of  January,  and  Gen. 
Corcoran  came  out  and  assumed  command  of  the  forces, 
in  consequence  of  the  sudden  illness  of  Col.  Foster. 
During  the  day,  we  lay  at  the  Deserted  House,  expecting 
orders  to  return  to  camp,  when  we  were  directed  to  sup 
ply  ourselves  with  three  days'  rations  ;  and  toward  night 
we  moved  for  Windsor,  a  station  on  the  Norfolk  and 
Petersburg  Railroad.  Here  we  remained,  in  support  of 
Howard's  Battery,  while  the  track  of  this  road  was  being 
torn  up,  expecting  a  brush  at  any  moment,  until  Satur 
day,  May  23d,  when  orders  came  from  Gen.  Peck,  re- 


252         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

lieving  us  from  duty  ;  and  we  left  on  the  easiest  march 
we  ever  accomplished,  —  the  road  toward  home.  We 
reached  camp  at  about  nine  at  night,  as  happy  a  crowd 
of  boys  in  blue  as  ever  was  seen.  We  were  very  much 
reduced  in  strength.  Camp  life  had  agreed  so  well  with 
us,  that  many  of  us  weighed  twenty-five  pounds  each  more 
than  at  home,  when  we  left  on  this  expedition  ;  but  the 
great  heat,  and  hard  marching,  and  watchfulness,  and 
hard  fare,  had  reduced  us  so  that  we  scarcely  looked  like 
the  same  regiment.  We  were  as  happy  to  reach  camp 
as  we  ever  could  be  to  see  home.  We  received  orders 
to  leave  Suffolk  on  the  26th.  Before  leaving,  a  dress 
parade  was  formed,  when  the  following  orders  were 
read :  — 

COMPLIMENTARY   ORDERS. 

From  our  brigade  commander  :  — 

HEAD-QUARTERS  FOSTER'S  BRIGADE,  ) 
SUFFOLK,  Va.,  May  25,  '63.      ) 

To  THE  OFFICERS  AND  SOLDIERS  OF  THE  SIXTH  MASS.  VOLS. 

The  time  has  arrived  when  the  period  of  service  for  which  you 
enlisted  has  expired,  and  you  are  to  return  to  your  homes  and  the 
avocations  of  business  which  a  few  months  since  you  so  sacrificing- 
ly  left,  to  aid  in  quelling  the  rebellion,  which,  in  its  attempt  to 
overthrow  the  best  government  in  the  world,  needed  the  strong 
arms  and  steady  hearts  of  its  supporters  to  subdue. 

In  the  separation  from  my  command,  which  has  been  of  long 
standing,  and  of  an  exceedingly  pleasant  character,  permit  me  to 
return  my  sincere  and  appreciative  thanks  for  the  manner  in  which 
you  have  discharged  your  duties.  It  is  needless  to  refer  back,  and 
recall  those  obligations  performed ;  there  are  living  evidences  all 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.        253 

over  this  command  that  bear  witness  to  your  gigantic  efforts,  and 
the  patience,  energy,  and  willingness  by  which  they  were  accom 
plished. 

Let  me  suffer  the  hope,  that,  after  a  return  to  your  homes,  you 
will  again  enroll  yourselves  under  the  flag  of  our  country,  again  to 
lend  your  efforts  Jo  remove  all  stains  that  a  wicked  people  are 
striving  to  place  upon  its  gorgeous  folds,  and  to  plant  that  glorious 
ensign  so  that  it  will  cover  our  whole  country  from  gulf  to  gulf, 
and  from  the  one  ocean  to  the  other.  You  are  now  veterans.  You 
are  acquainted  with  the  realities  and  inured  to  the  hardships  of 
war,  and  your  country  still  needs  your  services.  Let  me  suffer  the 
hope  that  the  "  Old  Sixth  "  will  soon  again  appear  upon  the  stage 
of  action,  and  be  instrumental  in  securing  and  riveting  the  bonds 
of  this  glorious  country  in  the  slumbers  of  a  perpetual  peace. 

With  many  well  wishes  to  the  living,  and  the  warmest  feelings 
of  condolence  to  the  friends  of  the  dead, 

I  am,  very  respectfully, 

R.  S.  FOSTER,  Col.  Com'g  Brigade. 


From  our  division  commander  :  — 

ERS  UNIT 
SUFFOLK,  Va.,  May  25,  1863 


HBAD-QUARTERS  UNITED  STATES  FORCES,    ) 


GENERAL  ORDERS,  No.  34. 

1.  The  term  of  service  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  Massachusetts 
Volunteers  being  about  to  expire,  the  Commanding  General  is 
unwilling  to  let  the  occasion  pass  without  expressing  his  reluctance 
at  parting  with  it,  and  his  appreciation  of  the  service  it  has  ren 
dered. 

Among  the  earliest,  if  not  the  first,  to  take  the  field,  it  served  its 
original  term  with  credit  and  distinction.  With  unremitting 
patriotism,  since  the  necessity  of  the  country  still  called  for  brave 
hearts  and  strong  arms,  it  again  offered  itself.  Its  second  term  has 
been  served  almost  exclusively  with  this  command.  Its  record  is 


254:         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

an  honorable  one.  Whatever  have  been  the  demands  of  duty  and 
discipline,  they  have  met  a  cheerful  response  ;  and  its  steadfast  and 
courageous  demeanor  before  the  enemy  is  witnessed  by  the  list  of 
its  lamented  and  honored  dead. 

The  Commanding  General  trusts  that  many  of  this  veteran 
regiment  may  again  be  found  rallying  to  the  flag  whose  honor 
they  have  so  long  and  so  ably  contributed  to  sustain. 

2.  In  recognition  of  the  services  rendered  by  the  Massachusetts 
troops,  the    battery  between  Fort  McClellan  and  Fort  Nanse- 
mond  will  be  hereafter  known  as  "  Battery  Massachusetts." 
By  Command  of  Major  General  Peck. 

BENJ.  B.  FOSTER,  Major,  A.  A.  General. 

Official :   CHAS.  R.  STIRLING,  Aide-de-Camp. 

THE    HOMEWARD    TRIP. 

We  had  passed  as  pleasant  a  campaign  in  Suffolk  as 
usually  falls  to  the  lot  of  soldiers ;  and  we  parted  from  a 
great  many  friends  with  regret.  It  had  always  seemed 
to  me  that  Suffolk  was  an  unnecessarily  expensive  post, 
and  that  three  or  four  regiments  at  Deep  Creek  would  be 
equal  to  thirty  at  Suffolk.  I  wrote  in  the  Boston  "  Jour_ 
nal,"  on  leaving :  "I  notice  that  fortifications  are  being  built 
at  a  very  strong  position  between  this  place  and  Norfolk. 
Would  it  not  be  an  interesting  fact  if  Suffolk  should  be 
evacuated  ere  long  ?  We  can  hold  it  easily ;  but  so  ex 
tensive  are  the  defences  here,  necessarily,  that  a  large 
number  of  troops  must  be  kept  here.  Suffolk  evacuated, 
and  the  most  of  them  would  be  available  elsewhere.  The 
movement  would  be  an  economical  one." 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         255 

A  few  weeks  from  this  writing,  the  vast  earthworks 
were  levelled ;  and  a  stranger  could  scarcely  believe  it  had 
ever  been  the  place  we  left  it.  So,  ere  long,  may  every 
trace  of  this  cruel  war  be  obliterated ! 

In  a  railway  train  to  Norfolk,  and  thence  in  the  S.  R. 
Spaulding,  a  noble  steamer,  during  three  cloudless  sum 
mer  days,  along  the  coast,  to  Boston,  briefly  describes  as 
pleasant  a  homeward  trip  as  ever  a  regiment  took.  We 
reached  Boston  in  fine  spirits,  were  addressed  with  words 
of  welcome  by  Gov.  Andrew,  from  the  State  House  steps, 
to  which  Col.  Follansbee  responded  with  his  accustomed 
brevity  and  point,  when,  declining  the  offered  hospitali 
ties  of  the  city,  we  proceeded  to  the  Lowell  Railroad 
station,  through  dense  crowds  of  people.  The  track  was 
thronged,  at  all  the  way-stations  ;  but  when  we  reached 
Lowell,  we  had  such  a  reception  as  was  never  surpassed. 
Business  was  suspended;  and  the  entire  population,  men, 
women,  and  children,  thronged  the  streets  of  the  city  of 
spindles. 

Debarking,  we  were  escorted  by  the  city  government 
of  Lowell,  selectmen  of  neighboring  towns,  Lowell  fire- 
department,  and  other  bodies,  through  dense  crowds  of 
people,  to  the  South  Common,  where  Mayor  Hosford 
addressed  the  regiment,  and  where  the  officers  and  men 
were  able  to  greet  their  friends.  Thence  the  regiment 
was  conducted  to  Huntington  Hall,  to  a  most  bountiful 
collation,  and  then  furloughed  till  the  next  Wednesday, 
for  mustering-out. 


256        THE  NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

The  companies  were  promptly  present ;  and,  after  a 
review,  were  mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service, 
and  thus  finally  closed  their  second  campaign. 

In  sickness,  wounds,  and  death,  the  regiment  was 
remarkably  favored  throughout  the  nine  months,  consid 
ering  the  unhealthiness  of  its  location,  and  its  exposure 
to  danger.  And  it  proved,  by  its  uniform  conduct,  and 
its  moral  condition  on  returning  home,  that  the  oft- 
repeated  stories  of  war's  demoralization  are  not  always 
true  of  soldiers.  They  would  compare  favorably  with 
any  equal  number  of  men  taken  promiscuously  from  any 
community,  and,  when  they  returned,  were  as  upright 
and  moral  and  religious  as  when  they  left  their  homes  for 
the  trials  and  temptations  of  the  camp. 

Among  the  pleasantest  recollections  of  the  writer  of 
these  pages  will  always  be  the  men  whose  acquaintance 
he  formed,  and  with  whom  he  went  through  the  Nine 
Months'  Campaign  of  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  Regi 
ment. 

REGIMENTAL   ROSTER. 

As  in  the  first  campaign,  so  in  the  second,  a  complete 
list  of  the  officers  and  men  is  here  presented,  with  such 
previous  and  subsequent  military  service  recorded  against 
each  name  as  the  author  has,  by  diligent  inquiry,  been 
able  to  ascertain.  Years  hence,  these  items  will  be  pored 
over  by  reverential  eyes.  * 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          257 

FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Colonel — ALBERT  S.  FOLLANSBEE,  Lowell;  Captain  of  Co. 
C,  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861,  and  Colonel  in  100  days,  1864.  Horse 
killed  at  his  side,  January  30,  1863. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  —  MELVIN  BEAL,  Lawrence;  2d  Lieuten 
ant  and  Captain  in  Co.  F,  3  months,  1861 ;  and  Lieut.-Colonel  in 
100  days,  1864. 

Major  —  CHARLES  A.  STOTT. 

Surgeon — WALTER BURNHAM, Lowell;  Surgeon,  lOOdays  1864. 

Chaplain  —  JOHN  W.  HANSON,  Haverhill;  Chaplain  in  100 
days,  1864.  Also,  he  visited  each  Massachusetts  Regiment  from 
Washington  to  Florida,  from  January  to  April,  1864,  under  an 
appointment  from  Gov.  Andrew  and  from  the  Massachusetts  Con 
vention  of  Universalists.  He  was  the  pioneer  of  the  Soldiers'  Mis 
sion,  a  benevolent  organization  of  the  Universalists,  supplementary 
and  complementary  to  the  Christian  Commission. 

Adjutant  —  THOMAS  O.  ALLEN,  Lowell;  Sergeant  in  Co.  C, 
3  months,  1861  ;  Major  in  100  days,  1864.  Horse  killed  at  his  side, 
January  30,  1863. 

Quartermaster —  WILLIAM  G.  WISE,  Lowell ;  Acting  Brigade 
Commissary,  resigned  January  26,  1863. 

Quartermaster  —  CHARLES  H.  COBURN  ;  promoted  from  Com. 
Sergt.,  January  29,  1863  ;  subsequently  Commissary  in  1st  U.  S. 
Colored  Cavalry. 

Assistant  Surgeon  —  OTIS  M.  HUMPHREY,  Lowell ;  subse 
quently  Surgeon  in  Charge  U.  S.  A.  Hospital,  New  Orleans,  La., 
Med.  Director  19th  Army  Corps.  Promoted  Lieut.-Colonel  by 
brevet,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious  services." 

Assistant  Surgeon — GEORGE  E.  PINKHAM,  Assistant  Surgeon 
in  3d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery.1 

1  The  Third  Massachusetts  Heavy  Artillery  occupied  the  fortifications 
near  Washington,     [t  was  raised  during  the  last  months  of  the  war. 
17 


258         THE   NI-NE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  STAFF. 

Sergeant  Major  —  WILLIAM  F.  LOVRIEN,  Lowell;  Corporal 
in  Co.  A,  3  months,  1861 ;  subsequently  in  U.  S.  R.  R.  Service  ; 
prisoner  in  1864. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  —  OLIVER  F.  SWIFT. 

Commissary  Sergeant.  —  CHARLES  H.  COBURN,  Lowell ;  pro 
moted  to  Quartermaster,  January  29,  1863.  Commissary  in  1st 
U.  S.  Colored  Cavalry. 

Commissary  Sergeant  —  JOHN  T.  BILLINGS,  Lowell ;  promoted 
from  private,  Feb.  6,  1863. 

Hospital  Steward  —  FRANK  J.  MILLIKEN  ;  discharged  for  dis 
ability,  March  4,  1863. 

Hospital  Steward  —  ISAIAH  HUTCHINS,  Acton ;  promoted 
from  private,  March  4,  1863  ;  2d  Lieut,  in  100  days,  1864. 

Drum  Major  —  ELISHA  L.  DAVIS,  Lowell ;  mustered  out  by 
an  order  abolishing  the  office,  October  29, 1862. 

COMPANY  A,  LOWELL. 

In  same  regiment,  1861  ;  disbanded,  1865. 

Captain,  ANDREW  C.  WRIGHT,  aged  42,  Lowell ;  2d  Lieut,  in  same 

regiment,  3  months,  1861  ;  discharged,  Nov.  1862. 
"       ALFRED  J.  HALL,  25,  Lowell ;    Corp.  3  months  in  6th 

Mass. ;  promoted  from  2d  Lieut.  June  3,  1863. 
First  Lieutenant,  ENOCH  J.  FOSTER,  24,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  3  months 

in  6th  Mass.,  Co.  A ;  discharged,  Feb.  20,  1863. 
"         GEORGE  W.  SNELL,  35,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  3  months  in 

6th  Mass.;    promoted  to  2d  Lieut.  Jan.  3,  and   1st 

Lieut.  Feb.  24,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  SOLOMON  CLARK,  27,  Lowell ;  Corp.  3  months 

in  6th  Mass. ;  promoted  to  2d  Lieut.  Feb.  24,  1863. 
First  Sergeant,  JAMES  M.  TORSER,  28,  Lowell ;  3  months,  6th  Mass- 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          259 

Sergeant,  HENRY  M.  WOODWARD,  26,  Lowell ;  3  mos,  6th  Mass. 

"       IRVING  GRAY,  19,  Lowell. 

"       GEO.  W.  FROST,  33,  Lowell. 

"       HENRY  S.  MCALLISTER,  26,  Lowell. 

"       JOSIAH  H.  STOKES,  53,  Lowell ;  disc,  dis'y,  Jan.  24, 1863. 
Corporal,  HENRY  H.  BROWN,  28,  Lowell. 

"       BENJ.  F.  SHAW,  29,  Lowell. 

"       CHARLES  A.  DAVIS,  26,  Lowell ;  in Cavalry. 

"       JOHN  W.  TILTON,  19,  Lowell ;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

"       JOHN  C.  HOBBS,  25,  Lowell. 

"       BENJ.  MELVIN,  35,  Lowell. 

"       WM.  BARKER,  30,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

"       PETER  DEVLIN,  20,  Lowell. 

"       ORRIN  R.  PARK,  21,  Lowell ;  died,  Suffolk,  Nov.  15,  '62. 
Musician,  HORACE  H.  ROLLINS,  22,  Lowell. 

"       ANDREW  C.  WRIGHT,  JR.,  17,  Lowell;  100  days'  ser- 
.  vice,  6th  Mass. 

Wagoner,  ADONIRAM  J.  COLGROVE,  30,  Lowell. 

PRIVATES. 

Chas.  E.  Andrews,  20,  Tyngsboro';  1st  Mass.  Cav. 
Thomas  Allen,  43,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Edwin  S.  Bowers,  24,  Lowell ;  29th  Mass. ; Commissary  in 

Hospital  Dep't. 
Joseph  Blood,  42,  Lowell. 
Firth  Brooks,  29,  Lowell. 
John  Bramhall,  28,  Lowell. 
Michael  Bradley,  33,  Lowell. 
Patrick  Burns,  38,  Lowell. 

Wm.  Brittan,  30,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 
Samuel  Chapin,  28,  Lowell. 
Patrick  Cusack,  18,  Lowell ;  59th  Mass. 


260          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

John  Connelly,  24,  Lowell ;  8th  Mass.,1  3  months,  1861. 

Michael  Cavanaugh,  18,  Lowell;  59th  Mass. 

James  Connor,  44,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Aaron  Cleworth,  31,  Lowell. 

Geo.  Conway,  18,  Lowell ;  59th  Mass. 

Patrick  Collins,  25,  Lowell. 

Thomas  Church,  32,  Dracut ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Oliver  Cheever,  44,  Dracut. 

Barnard  Calahan,  19,  Lowell ;  59th  Mass. 

Orin  G.  Coburn,  23,  Dracut. 

Geo.  S.  Crocker,  22,  Lowell ;  3  months,  6th  Mass.,  1861. 

Stephen  Dunnigan,  18,  Lowell;  30th  Mass. 

Frank  Donnelly,  1 9,  Lowell ;  subsequently  in  the  Navy. 

Thomas  Delaney,  18,  Lowell. 

Thomas  Derbyshire,  39,  Lowell. 

Peter  Devno,  26,  Lowell. 

Albert  T.  L.  Davis,  20,  Lowell ; Cavalry. 

John  P.  Elliot,  38,  Lowell. 

Benj.  Freeman,  30,  Lowell. 

John  Grant,  18,  Lowell. 

Jotham  Goodall,  44,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Joshua  Hill,  35,  Lowell. 

James  Henwright,  22,  Lowell ;  in  59th  Mass.,  and  since  died. 

Thomas  Howaith,  23,  Lowell. 

Levi  Harrison,  40,  Lowell. 

Andrew  J.  Herrick,  28,  Lowell ;  3  months,  6th  Mass.  1861  ;  died 

in  Suffolk,  Nov.  30,  1862. 
Michael  Keough,  32,  Lowell ;  died  after  the  campaign. 

1  The  Eighth  Massachusetts  was  a  Nine  Months'  Regiment,  from  Essex 
County.  It  was  out  in  1861,  three  months,  under  Col.  Hinks,  and  served 
in  North  Carolina,  from  Nov.  1862  till  July,  1863;  and,  after  a  short  time 
Maryland,  it  arrived  home,  and  was  mustered  out,  Aug.  7,  1863. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN.         261 

Martin  Lynch,  18,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

James  W.  Lee,  24,  Lowell. 

Jeremiah  Murphy,  28,  Lowell ;  died  after  his  return  home. 

Chas.  S.  Marston,  20,  Lowell. 

James  Maher,  19,  Lowell;  6th  Mass.,  for  100  days,  1864. 

Hugh  McClusky,  19,  Lowell. 

Dependance  Morrowson,  38,  Lowell. 

Michael  Moran,  44,  Lowell. 

James  J.  Masterson,  18,  Lowell;  discharged,  Dec.  28,  1862,  and 
shortly  afterwards  died  in  Lowell. 

James  Nuthall,  27,  Lowell. 

George  Nesmith,  20,  Lowell. 

James  J.  O'Connell,  19,  Lowell ;  in Cavalry. 

Daniel  O'Neill,  22,  Lowell. 

Daniel  O'Brian,  43,  Lowell ;  deserted  on  his  way  to  Suffolk. 

Alexander  Park,  22,  Lowell. 

Amos  Packard,  44,  Lowell. 

John  Rogers,  18,  Lowell. 

Thomas  Rogers,  19,  Lowell. 

John  Rafferty,  45,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Art.,  taken  prisoner- 
Joseph  Simpson,  39,  Lowell. 

Wm.  H.  Snow,  37,  Dracut ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery,  since  pro 
moted  to  Lieut. 

Patrick  St.  Leger,  35,  Lowell  ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Geo.  Short,  18,  Lowell;  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

James  Slowey,  23,  Lowell ;  30th  Mass. 

James  Sullivan,  19,  Lowell;  in Ambulance  Corps. 

Morty  Scullay,  20,  Lowell. 

James  Scott,  25,  Lowell ;  deserted  while  home  on  furlough. 

Dennis  Toomey,  28,  Lowell. 

Thomas  Tully,  29,  Lowell ;  in Cavalry. 

Jame    Thornton,  31,  Lowell. 


262          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Jolm  Thompson,  SO,  Lowell. 

John  Whalen,  39,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Thomas  W.  Wood.  27,  Lowell. 

Abram  M.  Webster,  26,  Lowell. 

James  W.  Whittier,  22,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Daniel  A.  Whittemore,*29,  Tewksbury  ;  2d  Mass._Heavy  Artillery. 

Enos  H.  Wheeler,  23,  Lowell. 

Lewis  A.  Young,  27,  Lowell. 

COMPANY  B,  GROTON. 

In  Three  Months',  1861,  and  One  Hundred  Days',  1864. 
COMPANY  ROSTEE. 

Captain,  GEORGE^F.  SHATTUCK,  aged  24,  Groton  ;  1st  Lieut,  in 
3  months,  1861  ;'ACapt.  in  100  days,  1864,  6th  Mass. 
First  Lieutenant,  SAMUEL  G.  BLOOD,  37,  Groton  ;  2d  Lieut,  in  3 
months,  1861;  accidentally  wounded  with  pistol 
Sept  30,  1862  ;  wounded,  Deserted  House,  Jan.  30, 
1863  ;  in  Navy,  1864. 

Second  Lieutenant,  EDWARD  D.  SAWTELLE,  28,  Groton ;  killed 
Deserted  House,  Jan.  30, 1863  ;  Sergt.  in  3  months, 
1861,  6th  Mass. 

"        "  JOSEPH  A.  BACON,  26,  Groton ;  promoted 

from    1st  Sergt.  Feb.  9,   1863  ;  Corp.  in  3  months, 
1861  ;  Lieut,  in  100  days,  1864. 
First  Sergeant,  WM.  T.  CIIILDS,  41,  Groton  ;  Sergt.  in]3  months, 

1861  ;   2d  Lieut,  in  100  days,  1864. 
Sergeant,  GEORGE   H.   STAHL,  23,  Groton;  in  3  months,  1861, 

6th  Mass. 

"         HARRISON  WAIT,  20,  Groton ;  in  Signal  Corps. 
"        FRANKLIN  M.  JEWETT,  34,  Westford. 
"         GEORGE  R.  SHATTUCK,  25,  Groton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100 
days,  1864. 


THE   IMNE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          263 

Corporal,  THOMAS  GILSON,  23,  Groton";  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861  ;  in  Signal  Corps,  1864. 
"        ELLERY  C.  WRIGHT,  18,  Westford. 
"         DANIEL  S.  KENDALL,  28,  Groton;  in  100  days,  1864, 

6th  Mass ;  lost  leg'by  scythe,  July,  1865. 
"         CHAS.  A.  LUCE,  jr.  18,  Manchester,  N.  H. ;  wounded, 

in  arm,  Hebron  Ch.,  May  15,  1863. 

"         CHAS.  M.  LOVEJOY,  21,  Groton;  in  6th  Mass.,  1861. 
"         HENRY  B.  STORY,  18,  Pepperell;  in  100  days,  1864. 

6th  Mass. 

"         CHAS.  H.  BALCOM,  21,  Pepperell;  died  Jan.  7,  1863. 
Wagoner,  CHAS.  L.  NUTTING,  40,  Groton ;  disc.,  dis'y,  Jan.  7,  '63. 

PRIVATES. 

George  H.  Balcom,  21, [Pepperell. 

George  Blood,  24,  Westford. 

George  W.  Blodgett,  18,  Westford';  killed,  Deserted  House,  Jan. 

30,  1863. 
Charles  Blood,  38,  Groton. 

Abel  R.  Brigham,  18, . 

Timothy  Caiman,  28,  Lowell. 

George  W.  Childs,  18  Groton";  in  100  days,  1864,  6th  Mass.     , 

Charles  N.  Clark,  18,  Groton  ;  in  100  days,  1864,' 6th  Mass. 

Gilbert  Colburn,  39,  Groton";  in  Signal  Corps,  1864. 

Francis  W.  Cragin,  18,  Groton. 

John  Condon,  18,  Groton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 

Edwin  P.  Dodge,  19,  Groton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 

Joseph  Donnelly,  25,*Lowell ;  discharged,  disability,  Nov.  20, 1862. 

George  H.  Farnsworth,  26,  Groton  ;  ^wounded,  Hebron  Church, 

May  15,  1863  ;  reenlisted. 
Henry  M.  Farnsworth,  21,  Groton. 
Joseph  Fitch,  41,  Groton. 
Daniel  Gilson,  26,  Groton. 


264  T II  E     N  I  N  E     M  O  N  T  II  S  '     C  A  M  P  A  I  0  N  . 

Sumner  Gilson,  18,  Groton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 
Bowman  S.  Gale,  23,  Groton;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 
Albert  II.  Harnden,  18  Groton. 
Charles   AV.   Hildreth,    20,   Pepperell;    slight  wound,   Deserted 

House,  Jan.  30,  1863 ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Wm.  H.  I.  Hayes  18, —    — ;  in  Mass.  59th,  since. 
Francis  S.  Howard,  35,  Westford;  wounded  at  Deserted  House, 

Jan.  30,  1863,  from  which  died,  Feb.  1st. 
Isaac  S.  Knight,  44,  Groton  ;  in  59th  Mass.,  1864. 
Charles  E.  Kilburn,  26,  Shirley. 
George  It.  Lawrence,  18,  Groton. 

George  F.  Lillis,  18,  Groton  ;  wounded,  Hebron  Ch.,  May  15,  '63. 
James  McDonald,  25,  Lowell. 

Daniel  H.  Madden,  19, . 

Frederick  L.  Mansfield,  19,  Groton;  disc.,  dis'y,  Jan.  14,  1863. 

Edwd.  D.  Nutting,  20,  Groton  ;  killed  accidentally,  Groton,  1864. 

Richard  Pierce,  20,  Townsend. 

George  F.  Patch,  20,  Groton  ;  in  Mass.  6th,  1864,  100  days. 

Wm.  F.  Patch,  21,  Groton. 

George  H.  Richardson,  21,  Groton;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 

Rufus  B.  Richardson,  18,  Groton;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 

Wm.  Reed,  39,  Westford. 

Augustus  Reed,  18,  Westford;  wounded,  Deserted  House,  Jan. 

30,  1863;  died,  Feb.  27. 

Alfred  A.  Richardson,  20,  Groton  ;  died,  Dec.  8,  1862. 
George  Russell,  35,  Groton. 
Amos  L.  Shattuck,  37  Groton. 
Henry  P.  Shattuck,  18,  Groton. 

Dexter  D.  Smith,  37,  Groton  ;  in  N.  H.  regiment,  1864. 
Kimball  A.  Stevens,  35,  Dunstable. 
Wm.  Short,  45,  Lowell. 
Warner  H.  Souther,  23,  Groton. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN.          265 

Wm.  T.  Stackpole,  18,  Lowell;  in  7th  Mass.  Battery;  also  Mass. 

15th  Battery,  subsequently. 
Albert  D.  Turner,  18,  Townsend. 
Augustus  W.  Thorning,  27,  Ashby. 
Thomas  Tully,  35,  Lowell. 
Charles  H.  Tileston,  18,  Groton. 

John  E.  Whiting,  19,  Pepperell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 
Charles  A.  Wright,  19,  Townsend  ;  in  Mass.  H.  A. 
Charles  G.  Woods,  20,  Westford. 

John  J.  Wooster,  24,  Groton;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 
Wm.  M.  Whitney,  23,  Westford. 

John  H.  Whitney,  27,  Westford  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1864,  100  days. 
Alanson  Withington,  19,  Townsend ;  killed,  Des.  Ho.,  Jan.  30,  '63. 
W.  Whitcomb,  wounded  slightly,  Deserted  House,  Jan.  30,  1863. 

COMPANY  C,  LOWELL. 

In  Three  Months',  1861,  and  One  Hundred  Days',  1864. 
COMPANY  ROSTER. 

Captain,  JOHN  C.  JEPSON,  44,  Lowell ;  2d  Lieut,  in  6th  Mass.,  3 

months,  1861. 
First  Lieutenant,  JOHN  W.  HADLEY,  34,  Lowell;  Sergt.  in  6th 

Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

Second  Lieutenant,  ISAAC  M.  MARSHALL,  23,  Lowell ;  Corp.  in  6th 
Mass.,  3  months,  18G1  ;  slightly  wounded,  Deserted 
House,  Jan.  30,  1863. 
Sergeant,  BENJ.  F.  GODDARD,  23,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861  ;  Capt.  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
"         JOHN  H.  LAKIN,  24,  Lowell. 
"•         BRADBURY  N.  ROBINSON,  20,  Lowell. 
"        JAMES  B.  TRUEWORTHY,  34,  Lowell. 
"         WILLIAM  B.  McCuRDY,  22,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3 
months,  1861  ;  1st  Lieut.  6th  Mass ,  100  days,  1864. 


266          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal,  JOHN  A.  RICHARDSON,  22,  Lowell ;  2d-  Lieut,  in  6th 
Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

"        EDWARD  G.  TUCKERMAN,  21,  Lowell. 

u         ALBERT  A.  MANNING,  41,  Lowell;  in  Signal  Corps. 

"        LEONARD  BBOWN,  41,  Lowell. 

"        MORRILL  C.  GOVE,  38,  Lowell ;  in  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

"        RUFUS  K.  GREEN,  33,  Lowell. 

"        ANDREW  J.  BURBANK,  26,  Lowell. 

"        A.  F.  EGGLETON,  32,  Lowell. 

"         GEORGE  W.  SWAIN,  23,  Lowell;  died  Dec.  24,  1862. 
Musician,  FRANKLIN  P.  NORRIS,  17,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.,  100  days 
1864. 

"        HARLAN   O.   PAGE,  17,  Lowell;  in   6th  Mass.,  100 

days,  1864. 
Wagoner,  HENRY  MARTIN,  33,  Lowell. 

PRIVATES. 

Nelson  T.  Aldrich,  20,  Lowell;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

Hanson  W.  Allen,  33  Lowell. 

Norman  I.  Austin,  26,  Lowell ;  prisoner,  Hebron  Ch.,  May  15,  '63. 

Henry  C.  Bruce,  35,  Lowell ;  in  2d  Mass.  Cavalry,  subsequently. 

Charles  R.  Bill,  24,  Lowell ;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 

Wm.  J.  Blake,  21,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

John  H.  Caverly,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

James  G.  Clarke,  23,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Ransom  E.  Cady,  34,  Lowell. 

Henry  Carle,  23,  Lowell. 

Horace  A.  Carter,  36,  Lowell. 

John  G.  Crockett,  26,  Lowell. 

Alonzo  P.  Clifford,  29,  Lowell. 

Joseph  Con  way,  42,  Lowell. 

Charles  A.  Donahue,  23,  Lowell. 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          267 

Reuben  A.  Derby,  32,  Lowell. 

Henry  H.  Dadmun,  21,  Lowell. 

Timothy  F.  Dow,  22,  Lowell ;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

George  H.  Drake,  20,  Lowell. 

Orlando  G.  Delano,  3 1 ,  Lowell. 

Alfred  Day,  26,  Lowell. 

Wm.  H.  Dorr,  27,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Asgill  H.  Eames,  20,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  K>0  days,  1864. 

Benj.  F.  Evans,  29,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Lewis  H.  Frost,  18,  Lowell ;  died,  June,  1864. 

Luther  A.  French,  18,  Lowell. 

Benj.  F.  Freeman,  18,  Lowell  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

George  I.  Fox,  21,  Lowell;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  May  15 

1863  ;  died  in  enemy's  hands. 

Blaney  Godfrey,  25  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Wellington  Greenleaf,  24,  Lowell. 
George  Graham,  29,  Lowell. 

George  A.  Gray,  23,  Lowell ;  in  7th  Mass.  Battery,  subsequently. 
George  G.  Gragg,  26,  Lowell. 
Charles  W.  Goodhue,  31,  Lowell. 
David  H.  Goodhue,  28,  Lowell ;  wounded,  May  15,  1863  ;  died 

in  enemy's  hands. 

Theodore  F.  Gardner,  19,  Lowell;  in  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 
George  H.  Gray,  27,  Tewksbury  ;  killed  in  action,  May  15,  1863. 
Albert  Hamblett,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
George  G.  Hanaford,  40,  Lowell. 
Henry  A.  Hartley,  21,  Lowell. 

Wm.  T.  Hatch,  22,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Cavalry,  subsequently. 
Prescott  L.  Jones,  19,  Dracut ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Cyrus  P.  Johnson,  33,  Lowell. 
Gardner  W.  King,  20,  Lowell. 
Joel-Knapp,  27,  Lowell, 


268          THE  NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

John  H.  Keith,  19,  Lowell;  wounded,  May  15,  1863;  died,  May 
16,  in  hospital. 

Marshall  Lincoln,  34,  Lowell. 

John  Leslie,  28. 

Greenleaf  W.  Metcalf,  28,  Lowell;  band  of  6th  Mass.  (Bugler), 
3  months,  1861. 

James  Murphy,  31,  Lowell. 

Rodney  Mansur,  22,  Lowell. 

George  W.  McLennan,  19,  Lowell. 

George  Matthews,  22,  Winthrop. 

Moses  G.  Nichols,  30,  Lowell. 

Daniel  Nary,  28,  Lowell. 

George  R.  Northum,  25,  Lowell. 

Edmund  H.  Osborn,  33,  Lowell. 

George  D.  Otis,  22,  Lowell. 

Alfred  G.  Parkhurst,  24,  Chelmsford. 

Isaac  B.  Pendergast,  23,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Lewis  A.  Pierce,  21,  Lowell ;  wounded  in  leg,  May  15,  1863,  He 
bron  Church. 

George  H.  Proctor,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Julian  A.  Richardson,  19,  Lowell. 

Albert  F.  Ring,  23,  Lowell ;  discharged,  disability,  March  30, 1863. 

Josiah  T.  Smart,  32,  Chelmsford  ;  wounded,  Des.  Ho.,  Jan.  30,  '63. 

Wm.  H.  Sherman,  37,  Lowell. 

Frederick  P.  Sanborn,  21,  Lowell. 

John  A.  Sawtelle,  17,  Lowell. 

Luther  B.  Swain,  29,  Lowell. 

John  H.  Saunders,  18,  Lowell. 

Wm.  C.  Stanley,  35,  Lowell ;  7th  Mass.  Battery,  subsequently. 

Torrey  E.  Stratton,  25,  Lowell. 

Joseph  G.  Sweatt,  19,  Lowell ;  prisoner,  Hebron  Ch.,  May  15,  '63. 

Anson  G.  Thurston,  21,  Lowell;  taken  prisoner,  Hebron  ChurCh, 
May  15,  1863  ;  wounded,  and  died  in  rebel  hospital. 


THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.  269 

Ambrose  S.  Wilder,  25,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

George  K.  Willand,  31,  Lowell. 

James  E.  Wilson,  18,  New  Hampton,  N.  H.  wounded  May  15,  '63. 

Dudley  L.  Watson,  26,  Lowell. 

Frederick  White,  30,  Lowell. 

Robert  H.  Walker,  19,  Winthrop. 

Benj.  A.  Young,  20,  Lowell. 

COMPANY  D,  LOWELL. 

In  Three  Months',  1861,  and  One  Hundred  Days',  1864. 

COMPANY  ROSTER. 
Captain,  JAMES    W.  HART,  41,  Lowell;    Capt.  in  6th  Mass.  3 

months,  1861,  and  in  100  days,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant,  SAMUEL  C.  PINNEY,  43,  Lowell;  3d  Lieut,  in 
3  months,  1861,  and  1st  Lieut,  in  100  days,  1864, 
6th  Mass. 

Second  Lieutenant,  HIRAM  C.  MUZZEY,  19,  Lowell ;  in  3  months, 
and  in  100  days,  1864,  6th  Mass.,  and  Frontier  Cav. 
First  Sergeant,  EDWARD  D.  DILLINGHAM,  32,  Lowell. 
Sergeant,  WM.  P.  CUMMINGS,  23,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861  ;  subsequently  Lieut,  in Me.  Regt. 

"         REUBEN  H.  DITSON,  33,  Lowell;  in  100  days,  1864, 

6th  Mass. 
"         WILLIAM  G.  BRADY,  47,  Lowell;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

"         ANDREW  STEWART,  27,  Lowell ;  in Me.  Regt. 

Corporal,  PROSPER  TYLER,  23,  Lowell. 

A.  W.  HEALD,  23,  Lowell. 
"         MOSES  F.  WHEELER,  27,  Lowell. 
"        JOHN  DOUGLASS,  28,  Lowell. 

WM.  A.  CHANDLER,  29,  Lowell ;  in  2d  Mass.  H.  Art. 
"         HOWARD  COBURN,  20,  Dracut ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days, 

1864. 

"        JASON  J.  C.  BROWN,  29,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.  100 
days,  1864. 


270          THE    NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal   NATHAN  C.  HOYT,  26,  Lowell. 

Musician,  CHAS.  H.    COLLINS,  18,  Lowell;  in    6th   Mass.,    100 

days,  1864. 
Wagoner,  WM.  ANDKKSOX,  21,  Lowell. 

PRIVATES. 

John  F.  Bow,  35,  Lowell. 

Asahel  M.  Bryant,  22,  Lowell. 

Joseph  Bixby,  24,  Lowell ;  in  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Chas.  F.  Badger,  38,  Lowell. 

Lucius  Butterfield,  20,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

John  Cafy,  36,  Lowell. 

Chas.  P.  Craig,  22,  Lowell, 

Zebulon  Clapp,  44,  Lowell. 

Silas  T.  Chaplin,  30,  Lowell. 

Wiseman  W.  Chaplin,  32,  Lowell. 

James  Critehett,  31,  Lowell. 

Ivory  H.  Carleton,  18,  Lowell  ;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 

Chas.  A.  Cutts,  18,  Lowell;  died,  Nov.  25,  1862. 

Chas.  F.  Dane,  22,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Dudley  Davis,  30,  Lowell. 

Joshua  Dow,  Jr.  32,  Lowell. 

Peter  Duvill,  22,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

John  M.  Davis,  18,  Dracut ;  wounded,  April  28,  1863;  in  Navy, 

subsequently. 
Win.  H.  Drinker,  18,  Lowell;  taken  prisoner,  May  10,  1863;  in 

2d  N.  H.  Cavalry. 

Edwin  A.  Fuller,  21,  Lowell ;  in  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Chas.  A.  Green,  19,  Lowell. 
Hugh  Golden,  26,  Lowell. 

Luke  Gray,  21,  Lowell;  taken  prisoner,  Nov.  19,  1862. 
Geo.  Gardiner,  Jr.  18,  Lowell;  discharged,  disability,  April  29, 

1863  ;  Deceased,  May  3,  1863. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          271 

John  Hood,  18,  Lowell  ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Walter  W.  Hoyt,  19,  Lowell;   2d  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Benj.  Horn,  32  Lowell. 
Jonathan  T.  Harriman,  24,  East  Cambridge. 
John  Humphrey,  32,  Chelmsford ;  wounded,  April  27,  1863. 
John  W.  Hopkins,  30,  Lowell. 
Henry  Harper,  36,  Lowell. 
John  H.  Housler,  40,  Dracut. 

Chas.  N.  Keyser,  27,  Lowell ;  discharged,  disability,  Feb.  24, 1863. 
Geo.  S.  Langmaid,  27,  Lowell. 
John  S.  Lugg,  20,  Lowell ;  re-entered  service. 
Peter  Littlehale,  26,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864 ;  Fron 
tier  Cavalry. 

Sylvester  VV.  Lord,  24,  Lowell. 
Nathaniel  Lathe,  39,  Lowell. 
Geo.  T.  Lawrence,  29,  Lowell. 
Luke  W.  Lovrien,  50,  Lowell;  died,  Oct.,  1862. 
Hiram  A.  Legro,  18,  Lowell;   died,  Dec.  23d,  1862. 
Jerry  McCarthy,  18,  Lowell;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 
Patrick  McNulty,  40,  Lowell. 
Alphonso  Merrill,  26,  Lowell. 

Forrest  B.  Nichols,  18,  Lowell;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 
Aaron  Noyes,  33,  Lowell. 
David  P.  Nudd,  21,  Lowell. 
John  A.  Oldham,  23,  Lowell. 

John  M.  Page,  18,  Lowell;  in  7th  Mass.  Battery,  1863. 
Thomas  Probert,  36,  Lowell. 
William  Partridge,  24,  Lowell. 

Wm.  H.  Parker,  21,  Lowell ;  Conn.  Cavalry. 

Washington  L.  Poor,  26,  Lowell. 

Geo.  W.  Pelsue,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Samuel  Reeves,  43,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 


272          THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Samuel  A.  Smith,  18,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Stephen  Sargent,  36,  Lowell. 

Aaron  Sawyer,  36,  Lowell ;  in  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

John  W.  Sullivan,  18,  Lowell. 

Solomon  Spalding,  38,  Tyngsboro' ;  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Jonas  L.  Thompson,  28,  Lowell. 

Adolph  Tetro,  25,  Lowell. 

Geo.  F.  Tilton,  21,  Lowell. 

Parris  K.  Taylor,  23,  Lowell. 

Joel  M.  Thurston,  39  Lowell;  taken  prisoner,  May  10,  1863. 

James  M.  Whitney,  35,  Dracut ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Eugene  E.  Whipple,  18,  Lowell;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

John  Wyman,  23,  Lowell. 

M.  J.  Wentworth,  23,  Lowell;  Sergt.  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Horace  W.  Waldron,  24,  Lowell;  wounded,  April  24,  1863. 

Lycurgus  K.  Watson,  27,  Lowell. 

Geo.  B.  Whitney,  18,  Lowell;  wounded,  April  28,  1863. 

COMPANY  E,  ACTON. 

In  Three  Months,  1861,  and  One  Hundred  Days,  1864. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  AARON  C.  HANDLEY,  39,  Acton. 

First  Lieutenant,  AARON  S.  FLETCHER,  32,  Acton  ;    4th  Lieut. 

6th  Mass.,  3  mos.,  1861  ;  resigned,  March  6th,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  GEO.  W.  RAND,  39,  Acton  ;  2d  Lieut.  6th  Mass., 

3  months,  1861 ;  1st  Lieut,  March  10th,  1863. 
"  "  GEO.  W.  KNIGHTS,  28,  Acton ;  Sergt.  of  6th 

Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  promoted,  March  10th,  1863  ; 

Lieut,  in  100  days,  1864. 
•t  Sergeant,  FRANK  H.  WTHITCOMB,  24,  Acton ;  Capt.  in  1 00  days, 

1864. 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          273 

Sergeant,  ANDREW  J.    SAWYER,  30,    Acton  ;    in    6th   Mass.,    3 

months,  1861  ;  in  100  days,  1864. 
"         LEVI  H.  ROBBINS,  23,  Acton. 
"        FRANCIS  W.  GOODWIN,  26,  Acton  ;   in  U.  S.  Cavalry, 

previously. 

"         WM.  MORRILL,  30,  Acton. 
Corporal,  FRANCIS  E.  HARRIS,  18,  Acton; 

"        ABEL  FARRAR,  JR,  24,  Acton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months^ 

1861 ;  in  100  days,  1864. 
"         SAMUEL  G.  BROWN,  27,  Acton. 
"        VARNUM    F.   EOBBINS,  22,   Acton;    in  6th  Mass.,  3 

months,  1861. 
"         JOSEPH  N. ROBBINS,  27,  Acton;  in  5th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861. 

"  GEO.  L.  SAWYER,  23,  Acton;  in  100  days,  1864. 
Musician,  WM.  ALLEN,  17,  Lowell;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 
Wagoner,  WM.  D.  CLARK,  29,  Acton. 

PRIVATES. 

Geo.  T.  Ames,  18,  Acton. 

Hiram  Butters,  47,  Acton. 

Charles  H.  Blood,  20,  Acton. 

Henry  L.  Bray,  21,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  in  Mass. 
Cavalry,  subsequently. 

Marcus  Conant,  20,  Littleton  ;  in  llth  Mass. ;  wounded  and  pris 
oner  at  Bull  Run;  Lieut,  in  14th  unattached  Heavy  Art. 

Wm.  Chaplin,  Jr.,  22,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Eldridge  Conant,  21,  Acton  ;  died,  Feb.  10th,  1863. 

Francis  Dutton,  26,  Sudbury. 

Edwin  Dwinels,  20,  Harvard. 

Solomon  Davis,  36,  Sudbury. 

Albert  A.  Dyar,  35,  Chelmsford;  in  15th  Mass.  Batt. 
18 


274         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Oscar  Dwelley,  38,  Acton  ;  in  56tli  Mass.1 ;  prisoner  at  Petersburg. 

Charles  W.  Fletcher,  Acton. 

Chauncey  U.  Fuller,  18,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Charles  Franklin,  19,2  Littleton;  in  58th  Mass.3 

Daniel  H.  Farrar,  24,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

John  Griffin,  22,Boxboro'. 

Forestus  D.  H.  Hoar,  32,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Eugene  L.  Hall,  18,  Acton ;  in  26th  Mass.,  subsequently  ;  killed, 

Sept.  19th,  1864. 

Henry  Hapgood,  20,  Acton;  deceased,  Nov.  25th,  1863. 
Charles  H.  Holton,  24,  Littleton. 
John  S.  Hartwell,  35,  Littleton. 
Marshall  Hapgood,  21,  Acton. 
John  L.  Hill,  31,  Harvard. 
Walter  O.  Holden,  25,  Acton. 
John  Hancock,  18,  Westford. 
Wm.  F.  Hale,  21,  Westford. 

Sherman  J.  Hoar,  33,  Acton;  disch.,  disability,  Oct.  24th,  1862. 
Isaiah  Hutchins,  34,  Acton;    promoted  Hosp.  Stew.  March  4th , 

1863  ;  2d  Lieut.,  100  days,  1864. 
Charles  F.  Jefts,  19,  Littleton;  in  100  days,  1864. 
George  Jones,  22,  Acton;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 
George  W.  Knowlton,  18,  Littleton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
John  M.  Kidder,  23,  Littleton. 
Albert  Moulton,  37,  Acton. 

Joseph  Morin,  23,  Boxboro' ;  in  26th  Mass.,  subsequently. 
Lewis  J.  Masters,  20,  Boston. 

1  The  Fifty  Sixth  Regiment  was  raised  in  1864,  and  did  excellent  ser 
vice  in  the  closing  scenes  of  the  war. 

2  Now  known  as  Charles  Franklin  Pierce. 

3  The  Fifty  Eighth  Regiment  was  completed  soon  after  the  Fifty  Sixth, 
find  left  Mass.,  April  28,  1864.      It  was  nearly  extinguished  in  the  Fall  of 
1864,  r.y  casualties. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          275 

Augustus  Newton,  25,  Stow. 

Wm.  H.  T.  Nichols,  44,  Harvard. 

George  N.  Pierce,  18,  Acton. 

John  H.  Pollard,  20,  Acton. 

Oscar  Preston,  18,  Littleton;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

George  B.  Parker,  25,  Acton;  disch.,  disability,  March  16th,  1863. 

Wm.  Reed,  41,  Acton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

Albert  W.  Robbins,  23,  Littleton  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Kendall  J.  Rand,  24,  Harvard. 

Wm.  *\  Stevens,  23,  Boxboro'. 

Charles  E.  Sprague,  24,  Harvard;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Matthew  Smith,  19,  Sudbury;  59th  Mass. 

Allen  G.  Smith,  21,  Westford. 

Matthew  A.  Smith,  19,  Westford. 

Nathan  E.  Tuttle,  40,  Littleton. 

Henry  W.  Tibbetts,  27,  Harvard;  15th  Mass.  Batt. 

Joseph  R.  Vangesel,  22,  Kent  Co.,  Del. 

Allen  P.  Whitcomb,  35,  Littleton. 

Nahum  H.  Whitcomb,  24,  Littleton;  died,  Dec.  13th,  1862. 

Henry  Willard,  23,  Littleton. 

Augustus  G.  Whitcomb,  19,  Boxboro'. 

Wm.  H.  Whitcomb,  32,  Stow  ;  wounded,  Jan.  30th,  1863,  Deserted 

House ;  in  56th  Mass.,  subsequently. 
Alonzo  W.  Woodward,  26,  Boxboro';  died,  Oct.  6th,  1862. 

COMPANY  F,  CAMBRIDGE. 

This  company  was  raised  by  Captain  John  S.  Sawyer, 
immediately  before  the  Sixth  started,  and  sustained  itself 
honorably  throughout  the  campaign.  Its  commander 
endeavored  to  recruit  it  again  for  the  Hundred  Days, 
1864  ;  but  the  Sixth  started  for  the  seat  of  war  before 
the  company's  ranks  were  full. 


276          THE    NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  JOHN  S.  SAWYER,  31,  Cambridge. 
First  Lieutenant,  THEODORE  COLLAMORE,  38,  Cambridge;   re 
signed,  Feb.  11,  1863. 
"  "  CALVIN  A.  DAMON,  34,  Cambridge  ;  promoted 

from  1st  Sergt.,  Feb.  11,  1863. 
Second  Lieutenant,  LOWELL  ELLISON,  30,  Cambridge  ;  3  months, 

3d  Mass.,  1861. 
1st  Sergeant,   SAMUEL  HOYT,  25,  Cambridge;   subsequently  in 

llth  Mass.  Battery.  ^ 

Sergeant,  CHAS.   M.    HOWLETT,  22,  Cambridge;    3  months,  3d 

.  Mass.,1  1861. 

'*       JAMES  RICHARDSON,  28,  Belmont. 
"       HENRY  A.  SMITH,  25,  Cambridge  ;  3  months,  3d  Mass. 

1861 ;  since  Lieut,  and  Capt.,  Mass.  59th. 
"       DARIUS  P.  RICHARDS,  24,  Cambridge;    1st  Lieut,  in 

60th  Mass.,  1865. 
Corporal,  THOMAS    II.    LUCY,    20,  Cambridge ;    3    months,  3d 

Mass.,  1861. 
"         JOSEPH  P.  CARTWRIGHT,  25,  Cambridge  ;  3  months, 

3d  Mass.,  1861. 

"  GEORGE  E.  HIXON,  JR.,  24,  Cambridge. 
"  FREDERIC  W.  HAGAR,  32,  Cambridge. 
"  MELVILLE  D.  JONES,  20,  Cambridge  ;  3  months,  in 

5th  Mass.,  1861. 

u         CHAS.  H.  MORGAN,  25,  Cambridge;  18  months,  17th 
Mass.,  previously;    19  months,  1st  Mass.  Cavalry, 
Q.  M.  Sergt.,  subsequently. 
"         HERBERT  D.  JOHNSON,  28,  Cambridge. 

1  The  Third  Massachusetts,  under  Col.  Wurdrop,  served  three  months 
B   1861,  and  nine  months  under  Col.  Richmond,  from  Oct.  22,  1862,  till 
1863,  in  North  Carolina. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          277 

Corporal,  CHRISTOPHER  A.  KENDALL,  31,  Cambridge. 
Musician,  EDWIN  W.  SNOW,  18,  Cambridge. 
Wagoner,  SILAS  F.  WHEELER,  35,  Cambridge. 

PRIVATES. 

Thomas  Allen,  31,  Cambridge. 

Theobald  Alexander,  32,  Cambridge. 

John  G.  Bachelder,  20,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  C.  Burgess,  26,  Cambridge. 

Albert  L.  Burgess,  18,  Cambridge;    Slightly  wounded,  May  15, 

1863,  Hebron  Ch. ;  since  in Mass.  Battery. 

Edward  L.  Bowers,  23,  Cambridge. 

Isaac  H.  Black,  20,  Cambridge  ;  3  months,  3d  Mass.,  Co.  C. 

Edwin  Bartholomew,  37,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  M.  Cutting,  24,  Cambridge. 

John  H.  Costellow,  23,  Cambridge. 

Oscar  Chandler,  36,  Cambridge. 

Joseph  Crosby,  44,  Cambridge ;  subsequently  in  56th  Mass. 

John  Coggens,  22,  Cambridge  ;  3  months,  69th  N.  Y.,  1861 ;  since 

in  59th  Mass. ;  wounded,  and  discharged.    ' 
Harvey  G.  Davis,  30,  Cambridge. 
Daniel   W.  Davis,   18,   Cambridge  ;    subsequently  in  4th  Mass. 

Cavalry.1 
Thos.  Drinan,  40,  Cambridge;   slightly  wounded,  May  15,  1863> 

Hebron  Ch. ;  since  in  61st  Mass. 

Owen  Dailey,  40,  Cambridge  ;  subsequently  in  56th  Mass. 
Wm.  H.  Edgarton,  23,  Cambridge. 
James  W.  Ede,  22,  Cambridge. 
Constantine  Eckstadt,  29,  Cambridge ;  deserted,  Sept.  9,  1862. 

1  The  Fourth  Cavalry  was  organized  early  in  1864.  It  served  in  South 
Carolina  and  Florida,  and  afterwards  near  Richmond.  It  has  had  a  brill 
iant  experience. 


278  THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Wm.  F.  Farwell,  32,  Cambridge. 

Frank  Fox,  37,  Cambridge;  subsequently  in  2d  Mass.  Heavy 
Artillery. 

Augustus  Frazier,  28,  Cambridge. 

Alexander  N.  Fields,  29,  Cambridge. 

Stephen  W.  Gale,  28,  Cambridge. 

James  Garry,  29,  Cambridge. 

John  Grinham,  27,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  U.  Grannan,  35,  Cambridge ;  3  years  service,  7th  New  Jer 
sey,  in  Mexican  War;  in  N.  Y.  69th,  3  months,  186]  ;  Co. 
E,  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864.  . 

Enoch  D.  Hewlett,  42,  Cambridge. 

Nathan  Hutchinson,  33,  Cambridge. 

Joseph  H.  Hasty,  18,  Cambridge. 

John  Hennessy,  27,  Cambridge. 

Hugh  Holland,  21,  Cambridge;  since  in  Heavy  Artillery;  se 
verely  wounded. 

Chas.  E.  Hall,  25,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  M.  Harding,  36,  Cambridge ;  disch.,  dis'y,  Dec.  28,  1862. 

Henry  M.  Jones,  27,  Cambridge. 

Joseph  Locke,  32,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  P.  Livessey,  20,  Cambridge. 

Chas.  E.  Lovett,  20,  Cambridge. 

Wm.  L.  Luce,  25,  Cambridge. 

Paulin  Laclote,  31,  Cambridge. 

Frank  Leighton,  25,  Cambridge ;  killed,  Deserted  House,  Jan. 
30,  1863. 

Jeremiah  Murphy,  44,  Cambridge. 

Alexander  D.  McKenzie,  19,  Cambridge. 

John  R.  McKenzie,  24,  Cambridge. 

James  McCalvery,  38,  Cambridge  ;  59th  Mass. ;  killed  in  Battle 
of  Wilderness. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          279 

Walter  H.  Merrill,  18,  Cambridge  ;  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

John  McCannon,  30,  Cambridge. 

James  L.  McKeever,  20,  Cambridge;  prisoner,  Nov.  19,  1862. 

John  G.  Noble,  44,  Cambridge  ;  subsequently  in  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Oilman  Page,  44,  Cambridge. 

Edwin  Poole,  21,  Cambridge. 

Thomas  Ryan,  30,  Cambridge. 

Edward  Roome,  22,  Cambridge. 

James  J.  Roster,  29,  Cambridge;  subsequently  in  59th  Mass. 

Wm.  F.  Riggs,  40,  Cambridge. 

John  Seanlan,  40,  Cambridge;    59th  Mass. ;  killed,  battle  of  the 

Wilderness. 

George  Smith,  32,  Newton. 

Geo.  H.  Spencer,  21,  Cambridge ;  60th  Mass.,  100  days. 
Tromas  J.  Stafford,  18,  Cambridge. 
Andrew  J.  Studley,  18,  Cambridge. 
Chas.  H.  Smith,  23,  Cambridge. 
Wm.  E.  Stiles,  22,  Cambridge. 
George  Shalon,  21,  Cambridge. 
Peter  J.  Thorogood,  23,  Cambridge. 

John  Q.  A.  Thompson,  34  ;  Com.  Sergt.  in Mass.  H.  A. 

Samuel  J.  Woodward,  22,  Cambridge. 

Edward  P.  White,   29,  Cambridge ;  subsequently  in Mass. 

Heavy  Artillery. 
Wm.  Whitney,  32,  Cambridge ;  in  1st  Mass.  Cavalry. 

COMPANY  G,  LOWELL. 

Company  Gr  was  organized  in  1862,  as  the  Amateur 
Drill  Club,  and  paraded  and  drilled  during  that  year ; 
and  when  the  Nine  Months'  troops  were  called  for,  an 
attempt  was  made  to  obtain  the  services  of  the  company. 


280         THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

It  succeeded  only  as  far  as  a  small  part  was  concerned ; 
but  the  ranks  were  recruited,  so  that  it  entered  the 
Sixth.  Its  drill  was  excellent ;  and  it  passed  through 
the  campaign  with  credit  second  to  that  of  no  other 
company  in  the  regiment. 

COMPANY     ROSTER. 

Captain,  GEO.  L.  CADY,  27,  Lowell. 

First  Lieutenant,  SELWYN  E.  BICKFORD,  29,  Lowell. 

Second  Lieutenant,  ALFRED  H.  PULSIFER,  30,  Lowell ;  Capt.  2d 

Mass.  Heavy  Art. 
First  Sergeant,  NATHAN  TAYLOR,  23,  Lowell ;  Capt,  in  Co.  G, 

100  days,  6th  Mass. 
Sergeant,  FRANK  BUNCHER,  21,  Lowell. 

*'        STEPHEN  KENNEY,  26,  Lowell. 

"        CLARK  R.  CAS  WELL,  27,  Lowell. 

"        CHARLES  O.  BILLINGS,  21,  Lowell. 

Corporal,  ALONZO  C.  GROUT,  28,  Lowell ;    2d  Mass.  Cavalry ; 
wounded  near  Washington. 

"        ANDREW  J.  SANBORN,  25,  Lowell. 

"       MARCUS  W.  COPPS,  25,  Lowell ;   in  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 

"        GEO.  H.  FAVOR,  27,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 

"        GEO.  G.  TARBELL,  22,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 

"        WM.  E.  HILL,  29,  Lowell;  15rh  Mass.  Battery. 

"        FRANKLIN  S.  PEAVEY,  20,  Lowell. 

"        HENRY  HUTCHINSON,  27,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 
Wagoner,  WM.  B.  TINGLEY,  24,  Tewksbury;  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 


PRIVATES. 


Willis  B.  Atkins,  31,  Billerica. 
John  M.  Averill,  19. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          281 

Otis  J.  Brown,  31,  Lowell. 

Chas.  H.  Bassett,  25,  Lowell;  1st  Lieut,  in  6th  Mass.,  Co.  G,  100 

days,  1864. 

Stephen  A.  Bullens,  24,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.,  Co.  G,  100  days,  1864. 
Henry  T.  Barnard,  21,  Lowell. 
Benj.  Baldwin,  43,  Lowell;  Frontier  Cavalry,  1865. 
Henry  A.  Coburn,  21,  Lowell. 

Geo.  D.  Coburn,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  Co.  G,  100  days,  1864. 
James  Christie,  19,  Lowell. 
Jeremiah  M.  Chute,  24,  Lowell. 

Theophilus  J.  Crowell,  19,  Lowell ;  disch.,  disability,  Oct.  29, 1862. 
Jairus  A.  Dexter,  21,  Tewksbury;  2d  Mass.  Cavalry;  dead. 
Franklin  Davis,  28,  Lowell. 
William  P.  Farrington,  30,  Lowell. 
Chas.  C.  Foote,  34,  Lowell ;  wounded,  April  24,  1863. 
Chas.  Fosdick.  29,  Lowell. 

Clarendon  Goodwin,  22,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Lathrop  C.  Grout,  21,  Lowell;  2d  Mass.  Cavalry. 
Samuel  W.  Grimes,  20,  Lowell;    Sergt.-Major,  6th  Mass.,    100 

days,  1864. 

Geo.  W.  Gordon,  38,  Lowell. 
Levi  C.  Grant,  33,  Lowell. 

Albert  T.  Green,  22,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Erastus  H.  Gray,  20,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Amos  S.  George.  33,  Lowell. 
Chas.  H.  Horton,  18,  Lowell. 

Edward  B.  Holt,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Chas.  B.  F.  Hoyt,  29,  Lowell. 
William  A.  Hodge.  33,  Lowell. 
George  Healey,  27,  Lowell. 
George  W.  Huntoon,  26,  Lowell. 
Henry  S.  Houghton,  21,  Lowell. 


282          THE   NINE    MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN. 

Frederic  A.  Hanson,  18;  in Vermont  Regiment. 

George  W.  Hall,  21,  Lowell. 

Moses  M.  Hilton,  27,  Lowell;  died,  April  26,  1863. 

Lucius  W.  Hilton,  21,  Lowell ;  trans,  to  Mass.  39th,  Sept.  1, 1862. 

Chas.  B.  Kitchen,  35,  Lowell. 

Manlius  Knowles,  22,  Lowell. 

Wm.  H.  Kimball,  18,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Andrew  Liddell,  23,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Thos.  J.  Leighton,  21,  Lowell. 

S.  Augustus  Lenfest,  21,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Randolph  C.  Lord,  27,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Benj.  C.  Lane,  20,  Lowell. 

Wm.  A.  Morris,  21,  Lowell. 

John  R.  Moore,  20,  Lowell. 

Thos.  A.  McMasters,  28,  Southboro. 

Lucius  I.  McMasters,  26,  Southboro. 

Granville  K.  McAlvin,  27,  Lowell. 

Paul  Paulus,  28,  Lowell;  2d  Lieut,  6th  Mass.,  100  Days,  1864. 

Edward  P.  Pearson,  28,  Lowell ;  1st  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery;  killed, 

Petersburg. 

George  G.  Perry,  20,  Lowell. 
John  H.  Prescott,  21,  Lowell. 
Albert  J.  Pike,  29,  Lowell. 
Chas.  H.  Parmenter,  24,  Lowell. 
Edward  E.  Reed,  34,  Lowell. 

Chas.  H.  Richardson,  20,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  Days,  1864. 
Geo.  H.  Richardson,  18,  Lowell. 
Joseph  H.  Rines,  21,  Lowell. 

Aaron  W.  Scales,  43,  Low^ell;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 
Samuel  E.  Stearns,  25,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Alfred  A.  Sawyer,  21,  Lowell. 
Ahnon  S.  Senter,  18,  Tewksbury ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.          283 

Wm.  H.  Spalding,   21,  Lowell;    Q.   M.   Sergt.,  6th  Mass.,   100 

days,  1864. 
Martin  F.  Spalding,    18,  Tcwksbury ;   Com'y.  2d  U.  S.  Colored 

Cavalry ;  brigade  and  division  Com'y. 
Frederic  J.  Small,  23,  Lowell;  was  in  6th  Mass.,  3 months,  1861  ; 

15th  Mass.  Battery. 
Chas.  Spencer,  21,  Lowell. 
Joseph  H.  Sears,  24,  Plymouth. 

John  Spencer,  19,  Lowell;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Albert  S.  Stackpole,  20,  Tewksbury. 
Wm   II.  Townsend,  22,  Lowell. 

John  F.  Townsend,  19,  Lowell ;  in  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 
Wm.  A.  Underwood,  18,  Lowell ;  in  Navy,  subsequently. 
Geo.  W.  Wifjgin,  21,  Carlisle. 
John  C.  Watkins,  21,  Lowell. 
Chas.  W.  Wilder,  25,  Lowell. 
Augustus  W.  Weeks,  29,  Lowell. 
Harvey  Weld,  24,  Lowell. 

COMPANY  H,  LOWELL. 

In  3  months,  1861.     Disbanded,  1865. 
COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  RODNEY  C.  FERSOX,  -28,  Lowell. 

1st  Lieutenant,  CHARLES  E.  POOR,  31,  Lowell ;  Sergt.  in  6th  Mass. 

3  months;   59th  Mass.;   wounded,  Petersburg;  1st 

Lieut.  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  March,  1864. 
2d  Lieutenant,  ALBERT  FINDER,  21,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.  3  months, 

1861;   2d  Lieut,  in  59th  Mass.,  April,  1864;  Capt. 

in  March,  1865. 
1st  Sergeant,  CHAS.  F.  ROLFE,  29,  Lowell;  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861. 


284          THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Sergeant,  ALBERT  C.  WILKINS,  21,  Lowell. 

"       JAMES  G.  MAXFIELD,  24,  Lowell ;  in  navy. 

"       JOHN  H.NOURSE,  22,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

"        CHARLES  FINDER,  28,  Lowell. 
Corporal,  LEVI  BROWN,  41,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

"       JOSEPH  H.  TRASK,  35,  Lowell. 

"       CHAS.  E.  RJCKER,  26,  Lowell;  Co    C,  6th  Mass.,  100 
days,  1864. 

"        GEO.  H.  FOSTER,  20,  Lowell;  deceased. 

"       HENRY  P.  PARKER,  20,  Lowell. 

"       WM.  H.  CARGILL,  22,  Lowell. 

"       JOHN  O'GRADY,  22,  Lowell. 
Musician,  MARSHAL  M.  HAYDEN,  14,  Lowell 

"       ALBERT  G.  HAYDEN,  17,  Lowell.  t 

Wagoner,  EDWIN  LEAVITT,  31. 

PRIVATES. 

Chas.  E.  Bartlett,  18,  Lowell. 

Jas.  H.  Burnham,  19,  Lowell ;  Co.  C,  6th  Mass  ,  100  days,  1864. 

Samuel  D.  Butterworth,  23,  Lowell. 

Martin  J.  Brown,  29,  Lowell. 

Ira  T.  Bowles,  32,  Lowell;  Killed  in  action,  May  15,  1863. 

Michael  Caine,  29,  Lowell. 

David  Carr,  26,  Lowell. 

Francis  Campbell,  32,  Lowell;  Mass.  59th,  Jan.,  1864. 

James  Cassidy,  27,  Lowell. 

Roscoe  G.  Crowell,  25,  Lowell ;  Co.  C.  6th  Mass.,  100  days,  1864. 

Daniel  Corr,  23,  Lowell. 

Chas.  F.  Clark,  22,  Lowell;  wounded  in  arm,  May  15,  1863  ;    2d 

.  Lieut,  78th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  Jan.,  1864. 
Henry  Dodge,  24,  Lowell. 
Geo.  A.  Daniels,  19,  Lowell. 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.  2<So 

Chas.  H.  Danforth,  24,  Lowell. 

John  F.  Dix,  18,  Lowell. 

James  P.  Emerson,  19,  Chelmsford. 

J.  Chandler  Eastman,  33,  Lowell. 

Wm.  T.  Eager,  22,  Lowell. 

Geo.  H.  Fleer,  26,  Lowell. 

Wm.  S.  Flemming,  20,  Lowell. 

Maurice  S.  Ferrin,  32,  Lowell. 

John  Flood,  24,  Lowell. 

William  B.  Farwell,  18,  Lowell. 

Edward  Frazer,  33,  Lowell;  slightly  wounded,  May  15,  1863 

Rufus  B.  Gardner,  28,  Lowell. 

George  W.  Garland,  20,  Lowell ;   discharged  for  disability  ;  died 

Jan.  1863. 

Daniel  E.  Hardy,  25,  Lowell. 
Charles  F.  Hatch,  20,  Lowell. 
George  R.  Hussey,  34,  Lowell. 
George  F.  Hustwick,  23,  Lowell. 
Alvin  F.  Haines,  35,  Lowell. 

Hiram  E.  Hartford,  32,  Lowell;  slightly  wounded, May  15,  1863 
Lawrence  Hayes,  28,  Lowell. 
Alexander  Hastings,  28,  Lowell. 
Thomas  Hardy,  38,  Lowell. 
Samuel  Handlen,  22,  Lowell. 

John  H.  Haggett,  21,  Lowell;  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 
Edward  Hutchinson,  26,  Lowell. 
William  M.  Haynes,  28,  Lowell. 
William  A.  Johnson,  37,  Lowell. 
Jeiferson  P.  Kennerson,  29,  Lowell. 
Almon  Libby,  24,  Lowell. 

David  B.  L.  Lamson,  20,  Lowell ;  Co.  C,  6th  Mass.  100  days,  18G4. 
Samuel  G.  Ladd,  32,  Lowell. 


28G         THE  NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Charles  E.  Lovrien,  18,  Lowell ;  Co.  C,  6th Mass.,  TOO  days,  1864. 

Patrick  E.  Lowney,  24,  Lowell. 

Dennis  Lynch,  36,  Lowell. 

Peter  Leslie,  44,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Frederick  Munn,  29,  Lowell. 

Charles  Morse,  22,  Lowell. 

George  Murkland,  20,  Lowell. 

John  Moulton,  19,  Lowell. 

James  Mullen,  26,  Lowell. 

Patrick  Murtagh,  33,  Lowell. 

Thomas  McCarthy,  27,  Lowell. 

James  McKnight,  23,  Lowell. 

George  F.  Nowell,  22,  Lowell. 

Azor  Northrop,  23,  Lowell. 

Silas  D.  Newcomb,  29,  Lowell. 

Lafayette  T.  Newell,  40,  Lowell. 

Alonzo  Putnam,  28,  Lowell. 

Jonathan  Park,  27,  Lowell. 

Thomas  E.  Ross,  24,  Lowell. 

John  Rose,  22,  Lowell. 

Lawrence  Roach,  25,  Lowell. 

Philip  Riley,  19,  Lowell. 

Jacob  Saunders,  21,  Lowell. 

William  A.  Smith,  31,  Lowell ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 

James  H.  Smith,  20,  Tewksbury. 

Nathaniel  Shackfbrd,  25,  Lowell. 

Francis  R.  Scales,  34,  Lowell. 

John  Shortall,  34,  Billerica. 

Benjamin  F.  Tracy,  23,  Lowell 

Alfred  Taylor,  28,  Lowell. 

Edwin  Wells,  22,  Lowell. 

Zalmura  Washington,  28,  Lowell. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN.          287 

Michael  Whooley,  34,  Lowell ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 
Henry  Wright,  21,  Lowell. 

COMPANY   I,  LAWRENCE. 

In  Three  Months,  1861.  Also,  it  was  recruited  by  Capt.  Ham 
ilton,  in  1864,  for  Ninety  Days  service  at  Galloupe's  Island 
.  Coast  Service. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  AUGUSTINE  L.  HAMILTON,  26,  Lawrence  ;  2d  Lieut.  6th 
Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ;  90  days,  1864,  Galloupe's 
Island. 

First  Lieutenant,  EBEN  H.  ELLENWOOD,  24,  Lawrence;  3d  Lieut. 
6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ;  90  days,  1865,  Gal 
loupe's  Island. 

Second  Lieutenant,  ROBERT  H.  BARR,  22,  Lawrence  ;  Corp.  in 
6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  killed,  Tanner's  Ford, 
Dec.  12,  1862. 

"  "  FREDERIC  G.  TYLER,  27,  Lawrence;  Corp. 

in   6th  Mass.,  3  months,   1861 ;    Galloupe's  Island 
1864  ;  promoted  from  Sergt ;  Capt.  in  1865. 
1st  Sergeant,  SURRILL  FLINT,  24,  Lawrence  ;    in  3  months,  1861. 
Sergeant,  JAMES  S.  KNIGHTS,  26,  Lawrence;  in  3  months  1861. 
"         FORREST  B.  CHAMBERLAIN,  30,  Lawrence. 
"         CHARLES  H.  TRUEWORTHY,  36,  Lawrence. 
"         LAROY  A.  DEARBORN,  19,  Brown's  Corner,  Me.  ;  90 

days,  1864,  Galloupe's  Island. 
Corporal,  JEREMIAH  DINEEN,  18,  Lawrence. 

"         JAMES  S.  ROBERTS,  25.  Lawrence  ;    Lieut,  in  Co.  I, 

1865. 

"         URANUS    LAWRY,    29,    Lawrence;    in    6th    Mass.,    3 
months,  1861. 


288          THE   NINE    MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

"        JOHN  G.  ROBINSON,  26,  Lawrence  ;    in  6th  Mass.,  100 
days,  1864. 

"         FRANK  H.  MORRILL,  26,  Lawrence. 

"        JOHN  M.  HARMON,  19,  Maiden. 

"        LEWIS  GRANT,  31,  Lawrence. 

"        DANIEL  B.  SIMPSON,  21,  Lawrence. 

"        JAMES  R.  HODGE,  26,  Lawrence ;  discharged,  disabil 
ity,  Dec.  27th,  1862. 

Musician,  STEPHEN    M.  COLBY,   19,   Lawrence;    in    2d  Mass. 
Heavy  Art. 

"        JOSEPH  B.  STEVENS,  16,Pepperell  ;  taken  prisoner  at 

Hebron  Ch.,  May  15th,  1863. 
Wagoner,  SMITH  VAUGHN,  17,  Lawrence;  Sergt.  in  59th  Mass. 


PRIVATES. 


Christian  Adler,  41,  Lawrence. 
Daniel  G.  Bracket,  42,  Lawrence. 

George  Blanchard,  30,  New  Portland,  Me.;    died,  disease,  1864. 
Matthew  Connor,  18,  Lawrence. 
John  Cain,  18,  Lawrence. 
Seth  F.  Clark,  1 9,  West  Buxton,  Me. 
George  W.  Colburn,  19,  Lawrence. 
Frank  T.  Crocker,  18,  Lawrence;  in  Navy. 
Patrick  Curtin,  18,  Lawrence. 
John  J.  Carroll,  21,  Lawrence. 
William  Casey,  50,  Lawrence. 
Orrin  S.  Carlisle,  24,  Lawrence. 
Thomas  Cochran,  26,  Lawrence. 
James  R.  Cole,  39,  Bradford. 
Robert  Comberbeach,  32,  Westford. 

Charles  G.  Connor,  39,  Lawrence;  discharged,  disability,  Dec.  31, 
1862. 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         289 

«     ^ 
Frederic  W.  Crocker,  18,  Lawrence ;  discharged,  disability,  Sept. 

20th,  1862. 

Patrick  Doherty,  44,  Lawrence. 
Simeon  S.  Dean,  34,  Lawrence. 
Edward  Dunn,  30,  Lawrence. 
Charles  T.  Ellenwood,  19,  Lawrence  ;  re-enlisted. 
James  Fleming,  18,  Lawrence. 
Ira  Frye,  27,  Lawrence, 
Wm.  K.  Foster,  32,  Lawrence  ;    in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ; 

llth  Unattached  Art.,  1864. 
James  W.  Fitz,  29. 
William  Graham,  18,  Lawrence. 
Frank  A.  Gordon,  19. 
Patrick  Gallagher,  21,  Lawrence. 
John  F.  Hogan,  21,  North  Andover. 
William  Harrison,  18,  Lawrence. 
Charles  M.  Harriman,  18,  Lawrence. 
Eli  Howaith,  25,  Lawrence. 
Ivory  P.  Hanscomb,  27,  Lawrence. 
Andrew  L.  Hodge,  21,  Lawrence. 
Henry  Holroyd,  38,  Lawrence. 

Joseph  D.  Hill,  40,  Andover;  furlough  expired,  April  22d,  1863. 
James  W.  Joyce,  21,  Lawrence. 
George  A.  Knowles,  18,  Lawrence. 
Daniel  Leary,  19,  Lawrence. 
James  H.  Larrabee,  32,  Lawrence. 
Andrew  Larrigan,  21,  Lawrence. 
Mark  Lundy,  28,  Lawrence. 
Charles  E.  Locke,  18,  Lawrence ;    8th  Co.,  Unattached  Heavy 

Art. 

Calvin  McCrillis,  37,  Lawrence. 
Amos  E.  Maynard,  19,  Lawrence. 
19 


290         THE   NINE   MONTHS'  CAMPAIGN. 

it 

Patrick  McAleer,  18,  Lawrence. 

Thomas  Manning,  35,  Lawrence  ;  30th  Mass.,  died  Aug.  1862. 
John  McCarthy,  25,  Lawrence. 
Patrick  McCarthy,  19,  Lawrence. 
John  A.  S.  McGowan,  19,  Lawrence. 
James  McAloon,  20,  Lawrence. 

Wm.  W.  May,  24,  Andover;  llth  Unattached  Heavy  Art.,  dis 
charged,  Aug.  1st,  1864. 
James  McQuaid,  26,  Lawrence. 
Philip  Moglain,  22,  Lawrence. 

Dennis  McCarthy,  22,  Lawrence  ;  killed  by  a  tree,  Jan.  27,  1863. 
Charles  H.  Newbert,  21,  Lawrence. 
John  O'Connor,  21,  Lawrence. 
La  Forrest  Parmenter,  19,  China,  Me. 
James  Parton,  34,  Lawrence. 
John  Parks,  40,  Lawrence. 

Wm.I.  Patterson,  33,  Lawrence  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months  ;  in  25th 
Mass.,  from  Sept.^  1861,  to  June,   1862;   Unattached  Art. 
1864;  discharged,  disability,  June,  1865. 
John  F.  Reynolds,  18,  Lawrence. 
Patrick  Rossi tter,  18,  Lawrence. 
Kneeland  Sibley,  36,  Lawrence. 
Charles  Smith,  18,  Lawrence. 
Joseph  H.  Saffbrd,  22,  Lawrence. 
Frank  L.  Smith,  18,  Lawrence. 
Wm.  P.   Smith,   44,   Lawrence;    in  90    days,   1864,  Galloupe's 

Island. 

William  Smith,  23,  Lawrence. 
Edwin  D.  Sprague,  22,  Lawrence. 
Joseph  C.  Varnum,  18,  Lawrence. 
Augustus  Wagner,  18,  Lawrence. 
Charles  Whittier,  88,  Lawrence. 


THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN.         291 

Arthur  O.  Waterman,  19,  Lawrence. 
Edward  K.  Walker,  26,  Lawrence. 
James  Walsh,  18,  Lawrence. 
George  Westhall,  18,  Lawrence. 
John  Wolf,  42,  Lawrence. 
Ernest  Wagner,  21,  Lawrence. 
Ferdinand  Wagner,  26,  Lawrence. 

COMPANY  K,  DRACUT,  CHELMSFORD,  &c. 

This  company  was  raised  expressly  for  the  Sixth  Regi 
ment,  and  the  nine  months'  campaign,  in  Lowell  and  the 
neighboring  towns,  and  was  disbanded  on  returning  home, 
after  a  creditable  service  to  the  country. 

COMPANY  ROSTER. 

Captain,  CHARLES  E.  A.  BARTLETT,  26,  Boston;  slightly  injured 

at  Deserted  House,  Jan.  30,  1863. 
First  Lieutenant,  WILLIAM  F.  WOOD,  Acton ;  formerly  in  26th 

Mass. ;  discharged  for  disability  ;  slightly  wounded 

at  Deserted  House,  Jan.  30,  1863  ;  now  Sergt.  in  3d 

Mass.  Heavy  Art. 

Second  Lieutenant,  SHAPLKIGH  MORGAN,  26,  Dracut. 
First  Sergeant,  CHARLES  A.  BARKER,  21,  Chelmsford  ;  llth  Vt.  3 

months;  formerly  in  2d  Maine  ;  subsequently  Lieut. 

in  Maine  Heavy  Artillery. 
Sergeant,  GEO.  A.  W.  VINAL,  28,  Andover ;  14th  Mass.,  discharged 

for  disability  previous  to  9  months ;    afterwards  in 

59th  Mass.  Vols. 

"       JONA.  S.  DAVIS,  29,  Dracut. 
"       ABNER  D.  HOLT,  23,  Chelmsford. 
"        CHARLES    H.  SWEENEY,  23,    Lowell;    5th  Mass.,  3 

months,  1861. 


292         THE    NINE   MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal,  JOSIAII  R.  FLETCHER,  40,  Chelmsford. 

"       ROLLIN  PERKINS,  18,  Methuen  ;  Co.  B,  6th  Mass.,  .100 

days,  1864. 

"       EDWIN  BOWMAN,  38,  Billerica. 
"       WILLIAM  T.  WILSON,  18,  Dracut. 
"       EDWARD  E.  LAPHAM,  21,  Chelmsford. 
"       ALBERT  O.  DAVIDSON,  21,  Dracut. 
"       WILLIAM  E.  CLARK,  23,  Chelsea. 
"       MILO    J.  PROCTOR,  21,    Chelmsford ;    discharged   for 

disability,  Nov.  16,  1862. 
u       HENRY  S.  PERHAM,  18,  Chelmsford ;   discharged  for 

disability;  Co.  B,  6th  Mass.,  100  days. 
Musician,  ARTHUR  JONES,  16,  Lowell. 
Wagoner,  ROSWELL  S.  BURNHAM,  40,  Lowell. 

PRIVATES. 

Stillman  Byam,  44,  Chelmsford. 

Daniel  P.  Byam,  20,  Chelmsford  ;  Signal  Corps,  U.  S.  Army. 

George  A.  Byam,  18,  Chelmsford. 

George  F.  Butterfield,  18,  Winchester  ;  Co.  B,  6th  Mass.  100  days. 

Richard  Burns,  38,  Tewksbury. 

James  L.  Boston,  24,  Chelmsford. 

Kirk  H.  Bancroft,  23,  Dracut ;    Asst.  Surgeon  in  U.  S.  Navy,  on 

gunboat  Tosco. 

Patrick  Buckmaster,  21,  Chelmsford. 
John  Buckley,  42,  Billerica. 
George  W.  Bridges,  18,  Lowell. 
Michael  Burrows,  26,  Billerica. 

John  T.  Billings,  26,  Lowell ;  promoted  Com.  Sergt.,  Feb.  1,  1863. 
Dennis  Crehen,  22,  Dracut. 
John  Crehen,  24,  Dracut. 
Thomas  Carney,  45,  Westport. 


THE   NINE   MONTHS'   CAMPAIGN.         293 

John  H.  Colburn,  24,  Dracut ;  discharged  for  disability,  Jan.  29 

1863. 

Charity  L.  Dunn,  21,  Chelmsford ;  2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 
Joseph  V.  Danforth,  31,  Billerica. 
Alonzo  A.  Davis,  33,  Chelmsford. 

Elijah  N.  Day,  23,  Chelmsford  ;  4th  Mass.  Cavalry;  dead. 
Benjamin  F.  Day,  31,  Chelmsford. 
Herbert  H.  Emerson,  20,  Chelmsford. 
Amos  B.  French,  18,  Ghelmsford. 
Charles  F.  Fletcher,  18,  Chelmsford. 
John  P.  Fisher,  20,  Billerica. 
George  U.  Gragg,  30,  Billerica ;  U.  S.  Navy. 
Byron  H.  Griswold,  18,  Dracut. 
Joseph  Hallo  well,  21,  Dracut. 
Henry  H.  Ingalls,  21,  Chelmsford. 
Franklin  Jaquith,  Jr.,  23,  Billerica;    Co.  D,  6th  Mass.,  100  days  ; 

also  in  Navy,  1864-5. 
Nelson  E.  Jewett,  23,  Chelmsford. 
Nathan  B.  Lapham,  23,  Chelmsford. 
Thomas  Lines,  21,  Dracut;  wounded,  Hebron  Church,  May  15, 

1863. 

Daniel  Murphy,  35,  Billerica. 
Dennis  Murphy,  33,  Billerica;  30th  Mass. 
John  McEvany,  21,  Chelmsford. 
Michael    McNulty,  41,  Billerica;   8th  Infantry  U.  S.  Army,  4| 

years  previous  to  9  months. 
John  McCarthy,  26,  Billerica. 
Henry  E.  Putnam,  36,  Chelmsford. 
John  Parkhurst,  3d.,  35,  Chelmsford. 

George  A.  Parkhurst,  29,  Chelmsford ;  Co.  B,  6th  Mass.,  100  dajs. 
Amos  A.  Parkhurst,  19,  Chelmsford. 
John  Pierce,  18,  Chelmsford. 


294         THE   NINE    MONTHS'    CAMPAIGN. 

James  B.  Peck,  18,  Westford;  4th  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Peter  Pendergast,  38,  Lowell. 

Oliver   Pasho,   24,   Billerica;    discharged    for   disability,  March 

18,  1863. 

Hiram  F.  Russell,  34,  Billerica. 
Charles  F.  Reed,  27,  Chelmsford. 
Charles  L.  Richardson,  38,  Billerica. 
John  Reall,  21,  Dracut;  taken  prisoner,  May  3,  1863. 
Benjamin  Sharp,  25,  Billerica. 
Henry  Sharp,  35,  Chelmsford. 
William  H.  Smith,  23,  Billerica ;  slightly  wounded,  Jan.  3, 1863,  at 

Deserted  House  ;  59th  Mass. 
Henry  W.  Stravens,  21,  Chelmsford. 
Jesse  A.  Sargent,  38,  Lunenburg. 
Edward  Sullivan,  18,  Chelmsford. 
Peter  K.  Staples,  37,  Dracut. 

Elbridge  Stearns,  25,  Billerica;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 
Hudson  F.  Smiley,  21,  Chelmsford. 
George  A.  Seaver,  18,  Tewksbury. 
John  T.  Smith,  23,  Tewksbury. 
James  Welch,  30,  Dracut. 
Jonathan  Wright,  36,  Chelmsford. 
John  Webb,  32,  Dracut;  discharged  for  disability  Jan.  29, 1863. 


imbrttr  Jags' 


THE  ONE  HUNDRED  DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 


HE  last  campaign  of  the  Sixth  was  very  brief, 
and  equally  monotonous.  There  was  a  hiatus 
between  the  expiration  of  the  time  of  some  of 
the  veteran  regiments  and  the  coming  in  of  new 
organizations  for  three  years,  when  the  govern 
ment  called  for  regiments  for  one  hundred  days. 
There  were  several  of  the  State  militia  organizations  anx 
ious  to  respond,  five  of  which  came  forward  promptly, 
within  a  week  or  two  of  each  other.  The  first  one 
ready,  as  usual,  was  the  Sixth.  Its  services  were  of 
fered  to  the  government  early  in  July,  and  accepted  ; 
and  it  took  camp  July  13,  in  Readville,  Lieut.-Col. 
Beal  commanding  the  companies  as  fast  as  they  arrived. 
The  companies  were  mustered  in  the  following  order: 
Co.  K,  on  the  14th  ;  Cos.  A,  I,  and  G,  on  the  15th ;  Cos. 
C,  F,  D,  and  H,  on  the  16th  ;  Co.  B,  on  the  17th,  and  Co. 
E,  on  the  19th.  The  colonel,  lieutenant-colonel,  adjutant, 
surgeon,  and  first  assistant-surgeon  were  mustered  on  the 
17th,  and  the  time  of  service  dated  from  the  20th,  on 


298         THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

which  day  it  left  camp,  with  thirty-six  officers  and  nine 
hundred  and  ninety-four  enlisted  men.  It  immediately 
proceeded  to  Washington,  via  Groton,  Conn.,  New  York, 
Philadelphia,  and  Baltimore,  arriving  in  the  capital  on 
the  22d.  The  reception  in  Baltimore,  on  this  its  third 
march  through  the  monumental  city  towards  the  South, 
was  very  gratifying ;  and  the  officers  were  assured  that 
their  command  was  distinguished  for  its  excellence  of  de 
portment,  among  the  six  hundred  thousand  who  at  that 
time  had  passed  "  through  Baltimore." 

After  remaining  all  night  at  the  Soldiers'  Rest,  the 
regiment  reported  to  Gen.  De  Russey,  at  Fort  Corcoran, 
and  was  ordered  into  camp,  in  shelter-tents,  in  the  rear 
of  Fort  C.  F.  Smith,  on  Arlington  Heights,  in  old  Vir 
ginia,  —  a  most  magnificent  position,  with  a  full  view  of 
the  Potomac  and  Washington,  —  about  a  mile  from  the 
Aqueduct  Bridge.  Here  the  regiment  remained,  without 
special  incident,  for  the  most  part  broiling  in  the  torrid 
heat  of  July  and  August,  until  August  21st.  One  day 
regularly  followed  its  twin  brother,  having  similar  duties 
for  the  soldier,  with  an  occasional  drill  or  inspection,  and 
fatigue  duty  in  bushwhacking,  —  that  is,  clearing  and 
burning  brush  in  neighboring  ravines.  On  each  Sabbath 
the  regiment,  in  a  body,  attended  divine  service,  before 
headquarters  ;  and  during  several  evenings  of  each  week, 
devotional  meetings  were  held  in  the  company  streets. 

The  intense  heat—  often  110°-120°,  in  the  shade  — 
induced  a  great  deal  of  illness,  which,  however,  was  but 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.       299 

slight,  only  one  member  of  the  regiment  having  died  at 
Arlington,  —  private  W.  J.  Conn,  of  Co.  H.  His  illness, 
pneumonia,  was  very  brief,  and  his  death  very  sudden, 
on  the  9th  of  August.  He  was  a  resident  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.  His  body  was  embalmed  and  sent  to  his  friends. 

July  25th,  Adjutant  T.  0.  Allen  was  elected  major, 
by  a  vote  of  twenty-five  out  of  thirty  ballots  cast.  And 
August  1st,  First  Lieut.  E.  C.  Coleman,  of  Co.  F,  was 
appointed  adjutant.  August  4th,  the  chaplain  arrived, 
and  entered  on  his  duties. 

When  off  duty,  and  the  weather  permitted,  the  time 
was  improved  by  many  in  visiting  Washington  ;  and 
when  the  weather  was  insufferable,  we  lay  under  our  can. 
vas  roofs,  waiting  and  wondering  if  government  had 
nothing  for  us  to  do ;  when  we  were  startled  and  pleased 
by  orders  to  move,  with  three  days  rations ;  and,  accord 
ingly,  August  21st,  we  turned  our  faces  homeward. 
Our  voyage  was  not  eventful,  though,  of  course,  in  pass 
ing  through  the  Quaker  City,  we  could  not  escape  a 
Philadelphia  welcome,  which,  to  a  soldier  who  has  expe 
rienced  it,  means  hospitality  of  the  most  generous  char 
acter.  The  Sixth  had  now  been  entertained  in  Philadel 
phia,  at  the  Cooper  Saloon,  five  times,  and  each  greeting 
seemed  better  than  its  predecessor.  It  was  the  season 
of  fruit,  and  a  soldier  of  the  Sixth  could  scarcely  find  a 
market  for  his  money,  or  room  for  the  bounties  lavished 
on  him. 

August   23d,  the  regiment  reached   Fort  Delaware, 


300       THE  HUNDRED  DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Del.,  by  the  steamer  Major  Reybold,  and  went  into  ex 
cellent  barracks,  where,  during  the  remainder  of  their 
time  of  service,  they  were  comfortably  quartered. 

Fort  Delaware  is  a  fine  fortification,  on  Pea-Patch 
Island,  about  midway  between  the  New  Jersey  and  Del 
aware  shores,  some  forty  miles  below  Philadelphia,  in 
the  Delaware  River.  It  is  pierced  for  three  hundred 
guns,  and  had,  besides  our  regiment,  three  batteries,  to 
work  the  guns  and  guard  some  nine  thousand  graybacks. 
We  relieved  "the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty  Seventh  Ohio 
Hundred  Days'  Regiment,  and  immediately  commenced 
guard  duty.  Our  barracks  were  nearly  all  new,  and 
were  very  convenient  and  comfortable ;  and  everything 
was  done  that  a  soldier  could  ask,  or  had  a  right  to  ex 
pect,  to  render  us  well  situated,  and  to  make  our  resi 
dence  on  the  island  pleasant,  by  the  commander  of  the 
post,  Brig.-Gen.  A.  Schoepf.  The  almost  entire  absence 
of  that  red '  tape  with  which  so  many  anxious  officers  en 
tangle  their  own  and  everybody's  feet  contributed  not  a 
little  to  our  enjoyment. 

The  duties  of  the  regiment  consisted  in  standing  guard 
at  the  various  posts  on  the  island,  in  and  around  the  bar 
racks  ;  in  escorting  squads  of  prisoners  that  were  at 
work  in  improving  the  island  with  new  buildings,  reno 
vating  old  ones,  cleansing  the  ground,  and  hauling  mili 
tary  stores  about  the  island ;  and  assisting  at  the  arrival 
and  departure  of  prisoners. 

All  the  married  officers  of  the  field  and  staff,  and  some 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        301 

of  the  company  officers,  were  accompanied  by  their  fam 
ilies  ;  and  thus  a  delightful  social  condition  was  enjoyed, 
never  for  an  instant  marred  by  an  inharmonious  word. 
Indeed,  the  most  of  us  look  back  on  the  days  at  Fort 
Delaware  as  among  the  pleasantest  of  our  lives.  The 
only  drawback  was  the  lack  of  incident,  and  the  indolence  • 
that  necessarily  belonged  to  such  a  service,  on  the  sunny 
side  of  war. 

A  fine  library,  a  billiard-room,  and  frequent  visits  to 
Wilmington,  Newcastle,  and  other  places  on  the  main 
land,  helped  to  break  up  the  monotony. 

A  gem  of  Gothic  architecture  had  been  erected  by 
Gen.  Schoepf,  to  conserve  the  religious  interests  of  those 
who  should  be  stationed  at  the  post;  and  the  chapel  was 
regularly  open  on  the  Sabbath  twice,  and  the  chaplain  of 
the  Sixth  officiated  once  each  Sabbath. 

A  great  many  interesting  incidents  connected  with  our 
intercourse  with  rebel  prisoners  might  be  related,  had  we 
space.  But  it  need  only  be  said  that  our  charge  was 
kept  perfectly  safe,  and  that  not  an  attempt  to  escape  was 
made  during  our  stay.  Our  boys  seemed  to  cherish  not 
a  spark  of  ill-will  toward  their  captured  enemies,  and 
yet,  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty  not  one  of  them  would 
have  hesitated  a  moment  to  shoot  one  who  should  be 
insubordinate.  The  pleasantest  relations  existed  between 
us,  and,  so  far  as  the  regulations  allowed,  agreeable 
intercourse  was  had.  A  personal  incident  may  illus 
trate.  I  was  one  day  near  a  rebel  officer,  when  I  said, 


302        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

"  From  what  State  do  you  come  ?  "  "  From  South 
Carolina,"  was  the  reply.  "  Give  me  your  hand,"  said  I ; 
"  I  am  from  Massachusetts,  and  if  men 'from  South  Caro 
lina  and  Massachusetts  cannot  sympathize,  who  can?" 
"  Sure  enough,"  said  he,  and  a  pleasant  acquaintance  was 
the  result.  Many  trinkets  wrought  by  rebel  ingenuity 
were  carried  home,  and  will  long  be  kept  as  mementoes 
of  the  place.1 

I  desire  these  pages  to  be  among  the  many  witnesses 
that  are  to  relate  to  posterity  the  treatment  our  authori 
ties  manifested  to  their  prisoners,  while  our  poor  fellows 
in  the  hands  of  the  enemy  were  the  victims  of  barbarities 
that  should  disgrace  Fegee  Islanders.  I  can  testify 
that  our  prisoners  at  Fort  Delaware  were  fed,  clothed, 
sheltered,  and  treated  every  way  with  the  utmost  kind 
ness,  when  well,  and  that  when  sick,  there  was  no  per 
ceptible  difference  between  their  clothing  and  fare  and 
that  of  our  own  men.  A  visit  to  our  hospitals,  from 
Washington  to  Florida,  qualifies  me  to  say  that  the  treat 
ment  received  by  the  rebels  in  the  hospital  at  Fort  Del 
aware  was  far  above  that  of  the  average  in  Federal 
hospitals. 

Here  we  found,  as  we  ever  have,  the  prevalence  of  in 
temperance  among  officers  —  from  which  our  own  regi- 

1  Among  the  visitors  to  the  island  was  a  distinguished  Union  exile,  Rev. 
Dr,  Junkins,  President  of  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  father-in-law  of 
Stonewall  Jackson,  and  author  of  a  powerful  work,  entitled  ;'  Fallacies  of 
Secession,"  leaves  of  which  he  distributed  among  rebel  prisoners  as  army 
tracts.  He  preached  in  the  chapel,  and  spoke  in  our  company  prayer 
meetings,  to  the  great  satisfaction  of  his  hearers. 


THE    HUNDRED  DAYS'  CAMPAIGN.       303 

mental  officers  were  remarkably  exempt — to  be  a  prevail 
ing  sin.  Had  our  men  and  officers  been  like  many  in  the 
garrison,  the  rebels  would  have  had  very  little  difficulty 
in  overpowering  their  guardians  at  any  time.  Gen. 
Schoepf,  however,  and  Capt.  Clark,  commissary,  are 
honorable  exceptions  to  this  remark. 

The  weather  was  a  great  improvement  on  that  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  the  health  of  the  men  began  to  improve ; 
though  the  prevalence  of  the  small-pox,  in  the  rebel  bar 
racks  and  in  the  garrison,  excited  no  little  apprehension. 

The  Sabbath  was  particularly  observed.  Not  even  a 
mail  arrived  on  that  day,  no  military  duty,  except  dress 
parade,  company  inspection,  and  guard  duty,  was  re 
quired,  and  the  day  approached  nearer  a  New  England 
Sunday  than  the  regiment  had  ever  found  in  camp.  Be 
sides  public  service  in  the  chapel,  several  social  meetings 
were  usually  held,  and  a  remarkable  quiet  and  decorum 
prevailed. 

The  most  important  event  that  broke  the  tedium  of 
garrison  life  was  the  arrival  and  departure  of  prisoners. 
They  usually  came  from  recent  battles,  often  wounded 
and  sick,  and  generally  ragged  and  dirty ;  and  I  have 
often  seen  them,  when  exchanged,  receive  shoes  and 
clothing  from  our  officers  ;  while  the  physical  appearance 
of  those  taken  from  the  hospital  was  in  great  contrast 
to  those  who  came.  Indeed,  the  food  given  them,  both 
in  quantity  and  quality,  was  excellent. 

On  Monday,  Sept.  5th,  J.  H.  Dodge,  of  Co.  I,  died, 


304      THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

quite  suddenly  and  unexpectedly,  of  diphtheria.  His 
body  was  embalmed,  and,  after  impressive  funeral  ser 
vices,  it  was  sent  home  to  his  friends,  He  was  an  excel 
lent  man  and  a  faithful  soldier.  On  the  13th,  private  Geo. 
W.  Thacher,  of  Co.  H,  Boston,  died  of  chronic  diarrhoea. 
He  incurred  his  death  during  the  heat  of  Arlington 
Heights.  He  died  full  of  Christian  hope  and  faith, 
saying,  "  I  am  anxious  to  live,  but  willing  to  die."  His 
funeral  was  both  military  and  masonic,  and  his  body  was 
embalmed  and  sent  home  to  Boston.  He  was  the  only 
son  of  his  mother,  and  she  a  widow,  and  was  one  of  the 
many  noble  young  men  of  the  first  families  of  Boston  and 
New  England,  whose  deeds  of  self-sacrifice  in  this  great 
struggle  will  immortalize  their  names. 

September  21,  Assistant-Surgeon  Sargent,  recently 
appointed,  arrived,  and  entered  on  the  performance  of 
his  duties. 

On  the  27th,  John  Long,  of  Co.  D,  died  of  confluent 
small-pox.  So  malignant  was  his  disease  that  no  one 
was  permitted  to  visit  him,  and  he  was  buried  on  the 
main  land,  on  the  Jersey  shore. 

September  29th,  Assistant-Surgeon  Bass  went  home 
sick,  and  did  not  return  during  the  campaign.1 

1  During  this,  and  the  previous  campaign,  the  regiment  was  under  great 
obligations  to  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission,  the  Good  Samar 
itan  on  a  war  footing,  whose  munificent  sanitary  supplies  were  priceless 
blessings  to  our  sick.  The  Massachusetts  Agency,  under  direction  of  Col. 
Gardner  Tufts,  one  of  the  most  excellent  institutions,  managed  by  one  of 
the  most  efficient  of  men,  also  conferred  great  favors. 


THE  HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        305 

October  19th,  the  regiment  was  relieved  by  a  Del 
aware  regiment,  and  embarked  for  home.  After  a  repe 
tition  of  Philadelphia  hospitality Jfind  treatment  in  New 
York,  and  a  pleasant  though  somewhat  long  journey,  we 
reached  Boston,  October  21st,  and  were  released  for  a 
few  days,  to  report  at  the  camp  in  Readville,  October 
24th ;  and  were  mustered  out  of  the  United  States  ser 
vice,  the  27th. 

The  third  campaign  of  the  regiment  was  not  eventful, 
and  yet  it  was  a  contribution  to  the  service  of  the  coun 
try  of  no  small  importance. 

This  was  the  value  of  the  regiments  raised  for  the  brief 
period  of  a  hundred  days :  they  held  important  posi 
tions  until  new  men  came  in,  to  take  the  places  of  those 
whose  term  had  expired ;  and  for  the  time  being  each 
man  was  of  as  much  worth  to  the  government  as  any 
other.  Besides,  many  of  them  could  leave  important 
positions  at  home  for  so  brief  a  period,  who  could  not 
have  been  obtained  for  a  longer  time.  On  the  whole, 
the  call  for  the  "  hundred  days  men  "  was  a  judicious 
one ;  and  each  soldier  who  served  his  country  for  that 
brief  season  can  always  feel  that  he  has  done  something 
for  his  country  in  her  hour  of  need. 

The  regiment  separated  with  the  most  kindly  mutual 
feelings ;  and  most  of  us  will  always  look  back  on  the 
brief  campaign  with  feelings  of  satisfaction.  Many  of 
the  officers  and  men  again  entered  the  service,  and  were 
heard  from  as  rendering  gallant  service  to  their  country. 


306        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

On  leaving  Fort  Delaware,  the  general  commanding 
issued  the  following  order :  — 

9  HEAD-QUARTERS,  FORT  DELAWARE^  ) 
Del.,  October  18, 1864.         '  [ 

SPECIAL  ORDERS,  No.  366. 

The  commanding  general,  in  taking  leave  of  the  officers  and 
men  of  the  Sixth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  desires  to  extend  to 
them  his  congratulations  upon  their  gentlemanly  and  correct 
soldierly  bearing,  and  assure  them  of  his  well  wishes  and  kind 
remembrance,  for  the  manner  in  which  they  performed  their  each 
and  several  duties,  while  at  this  post ;  and  his  confidence  that  in 
the  future,  as  in  the  past,  they  will  be  ever  ready  and  prompt  at 
the  call  of  their  country's  need. 

By  command  of  Brig.-Gen.  A.  SCHOEPF. 

HENRY  WARNER,  Lieut,  and  Post-Adjt. 

[The  author  found  his  allotted  space  so  encroached 
upon,  that  he  was  obliged  to  omit  much  matter  concerning 
this  campaign,  which  otherwise  he  would  have  inserted.] 

REGIMENTAL   ROSTER. 
FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Colonel  —  ALBERT  S.  FOLLANSBEE,  Lowell ;  Capt  Co.  C,  6th 
Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ;  Col.  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  —  MELVIN  BEAL,  Lawrence  ;  Lieut,  and 
Capt.  Co.  F,  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  Lieut.-Col.  6th  Mass., 
9  months,  1862-3. 

Major  —  THOS.  O.  ALLEN,  Lowell;  Sergt.  Co.  C,  6th  Mass., 
3  months,  1861 ;  Adjut.  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 

Surgeon  —  WALTER  BURNHAM,  Lowell ;  Surgeon  6th  Mass., 
9  months,  1862-3. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'   CAMPAIGN.       307 

Chaplain  —  JOHN  WESLEY  HANSON,  Haver  hill;  Chaplain  in 
6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 

Adjutant  —  EDMUND  COFFIN  COLEMAN,  Boston;  promoted 
from  Lieut.,  Co.  F. 

Quartermaster — WM.  E.  FARRAR,  Lowell;  Lieut.,  7th  Mass. 
Battery,  1861-3. 

Assistant  Surgeon  —  WM.  BASS,  Lowell. 

"  GEORGE  SARGENT,  Lawrence. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  STAFF. 

Sergeant  Major  —  SAMUEL  W.  GRIMES,  Lowell ;  6th  Mass. 
9  months,  1862-3. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  —  WILLIAM  H.  SPAULDING,  Lowell ; 

6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-3. 

Commissary  Sergeant  —  ORFORD  R.  BLOOD,  Lowell. 
Hospital  Steivard —  HENRY  S.  Wooos-Lowell. 

COMPANY  A,  BOSTON. 

Still  a  military  organization. 

This  brief  sketch  was  furnished  by  a  member  of  the 
company. 

Company  A  was  composed  mostly  of  young  men  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  who  felt  that  they  could 
ill  afford  a  long  military  campaign;  but  having,  as  our 
honored  governor  calls  it,  "  cannon  on  the  brain,"  they 
cheerfully  responded  to  the  call  for  troops  to  garrison 
fortifications  in  the  vicinity  of  Washington,  esteeming  it 
a  great  privilege  to  bear  some  humble  part  in  suppress 
ing  the  rebellion. 

It  was  recruited  with  great  despatch,  by  Capt.  Joseph 


308       THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

M.  Coombs  and  First  and  Second  Lieuts.  Moses 
Briggs  and  George  A.  Chipman ;  the  first  two  gentlemen 
were  then,  and  are  now,  lieutenants  in  the  Boston  Police 
Department ;  the  third  was  then,  and  is  now,  engaged  in 
extensive  business  with  his  father. 

The  recruiting  office  was  at  Tremont  Temple,  the 
trustees  of  this  edifice  kindly  giving  its  use  for  this 
purpose,  while  the  patriotic  appeals  of  Rev.  Justin  D. 
Fulton,  pastor  of  the  church  worshipping  there,  greatly 
encouraged  the  rapid  enlistments  which  enabled  the 
company  to  complete  its  required  number  in  forty-eight 
hours,  with  its  officers  commissioned,  and  ready  for  duty. 

For  the.  interest  taken  in  their  behalf,  it  was  voted 
that  our  company  be  called  the  Temple  Guards. 

JBefore  leaving  Camp  Meigs,  nearly  the  whole  company 
signed  the  temperance  pledge,  and  there  was  also  insti 
tuted  a  weekly  prayer-meeting,  which  was  continued 
throughout  the  term  of  enlistment,  with  much  profit  to 
the  members  of  the  company.  Its  own  officers,  the 
chaplain,  and  others  in  the  regiment,  were  frequent  visit 
ors,  and  often  took  a  part  in  these  interesting  services. 
When  the  regiment  moved  to  Fort  Delaware,  the  meetings 
were  held  in  the  ample  company  mess-room,  the  walls  of 
which  were  decorated  with  mottoes  and  inscriptions,  such 
as  "  Temple  Guards,"  "  The  Union,  it  must  and  shall  be 
preserved,"  u  God  is  love,"  "  In  union  there  is  strength, " 
"  Get  thee  up,  eat  and  drink,  for  there  is  a  sound  of  an 
abundance,"  "  Wisdom  is  better  than  weapons  of  war," 


THE   HUNDRED   DAYS'  CAMPAIGN.        309 

"  Better  is  a  dinner  of  herbs,  where  love  is,  than  a  stalled 
ox  and  hatred  therewith,"  "  Geo.  Washington,"  "  Col. 
Follansbee,"  "  Capt.  Coombs." 

The  musical  talent  of  the  company  was  brought  into 
requisition,  by  some  of  the  members  giving  a  number  of 
interesting  concerts,  —  vocal  and  instrumental  combined ; 
the  melody  was  rich,  the  harmony  good,  the  audience 
select,  and  the  entertainment  satisfactory. 

No  death  occurred  in  our  ranks  ;  but  the  insatiate 
archer,  who  "  loves  a  shining  mark,"  on  the  16th  of  Oc 
tober,  pierced  the  clayey  tenement  of  Joseph  H.  Coombs, 
aged  nine  years,  our  captain's  only  son.  He  came  out 
with  his  mother  to  spend  a  few  days  at  the  Fort,  when 
a  fatal  disease  carried  him  beyond  the  bounds  of  time. 

The  grief  of  the  parents  was  assuaged  by  the  sympa 
thy  extended  to  them  by  the  Hospital,  Post,  and  Regi 
mental  chaplains,  and  other  friends. 

In  this  brief  review  it  can  be  said  in  justice  to  our 
selves,  that  our  company  became  quite  proficient  in  mil 
itary  tactics,  under  the  thorough  instruction  of  our  ac 
complished  officers. 

While  some  of  our  company  would  not  pass  a  rigid 
surgical  examination,  being  exempt  from  draft,  and  in 
no  way  to  be  compared  with  the  bronzed  and  scarred 
veterans  of  many  campaigns,  yet  all  rejoiced  that  we 
were  counted  worthy,  by  the  mustering-in  officer,  to  be" 
enrolled  in  the  Union  army,  and  to  march  under  our 
glorious  national  emblem,  and  to  adopt  the  sentiment 


310        THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

uttered  many  years  ago  by  an  eminent  statesman,  "  Our 
country,  bounded  by  the  Sabine  and  the  St.  John,  or 
however  otherwise  bounded,  cherished  in  all  our  hearts, 
defended  by  all  our  hands." 

COMPANY  EOSTEB. 

Captain,  JOSEPH  M.  COOMBS,  age  39. 

First  Lieutenant,  MOSES  BRIGGS,  40. 

Second  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  A.  CHIPMAN,  21  ;  9  months,  45th 

Mass.1 
Sergeant,  FREDERICK  T.  VOLEKERS,  22 ;  22  months  in  Navy  ;  8 

months,  2d  Mass. 
"        A.  POMERY  BRIGGS,  22. 
"         HENRY  A.WALKER,  20;  15  months,  5th  Maine:  12 

months,  47th  Mass.2 

"         ALPHEUS  F.  JENKINS,  18;  9  months,  47th  Mass;  sub 
sequently  in  the  service,  at  the  capture  of  Richmond. 
"         Lucius  ALLEN,  Jr.,  26. 
Corporal,  WM.   W.  MERSHON,  22;    3   months,  47th  N.  Y.;  9 

months,  167th  N.  Y. ;  30  days,  71st  N.  Y. 
"  ALBERT  LEAVITT,  21 ;  9  months,  8th  Mass. 
"  N.  HENRY  STEVENS,  23. 

"        DAVID  S.  GREEN,  40  ;  12  years  in  English  Army. 
"         SAMUEL  BEECHER,  23. 
"        ALDEN  D.  WELLINGTON,  25. 
"        ISAAC  E.  HERSEY,  25. 
"        CHARLES  F.  HOLT,  25. 

1  The  Forty  Fifth  Massachusetts,  the  "  Cadet  Eegiment,"  Col.  Codman, 
was  organized  during  the  autumn  of  1862,  and  served  an  honorable  cam 
paign  in  North  Carolina,  till  June,  1863. 

2  The  Forty  Seventh  Massachusetts  received  marching  orders  Nov.  29, 
1862,  and  reached  New  Orleans  Dec.  31,  and  performed  guard  and  provost 
duty  in  that  vicinity  till  it  left  for  home,  Aug.  5,  1863. 


THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        311 

PRIVATES. 

William  H.  Bacon,  20. 

Charles  H.  Butler,  19  ;  12  months  in  50th  Mass. 
Charles  F.  Batchelder,  19  ;  14  months  in  168th  N.  Y. 
Henry  P.  Brown,  20.     Christopher  T.  Braizer,  18. 
Elbridge  M.  Bickford,  30.     Sylvanus  Bullard,  20. 
Sumner  T.  Bradbury,  18.     William  H.  Bartlett,  20. 
Oliver  Burnham,  18.    Oscar  S.  Bigelow,  20. 
George  A.  Conn,  20.     William  F.  Corson,  18;  in  the  navy. 
George  E.  Cox,  18.     Hiram  W.  Cheeney,  25. 
Joseph  S.  Corliss,  22.     George  R.  Gate,  18. 
William  A.  Cline,  18.     Timothy  F.  Crane,  18. 
George  W.  Conant,  22.     Charles  H.  Daniel,  28. 
Horace  Drew,  20.     Edward  H.  Drew,  19. 
Daniel  Durning,  18.     Albert  H.  Dunn,  32. 
John  M.  Elliot,  24 ;  subsequently  reenlisted. 
Joseph  L.  Eldridge,  34.     Francis  W.  Ellis,  20. 
Alexander  B.  French,  20.     John  M.  Fisk,  19. 
George  B.  Frazer,  21.     Eugene  Gardner,  18. 
George  H.   Gardiner,  18.     William  H.  Gilman,  19;   9  months, 

42d  Mass.1 

Francis  W.  Hickson,  1 9.     George  B.  Hubbard,  44. 
David  Higgins,  36.    George  Holbrook,  18  ;  reenlisted;  lost  an  arm 

before  Petersburg. 

Albert  E.  Hawes,  2t.  H.  Waldo  Howe,  18. 
Henry  Howe,  45.  Frederick  P.  Jaques,  18. 
Charles  H.  Johnson,  18.  Dudley  C.  Kidder,  19. 

1  The  Forty  Second  Massachusetts,  Col.  Burrill,  was  the  old  Second,  a 
Boston  Regiment,  and  was  organized  Nov.  6, 1862,  and  left  in  transports 
for  New  Orleans  early  in  December.  After  great  dangers  by  sea,  it  ar 
rived.  A  portion  was  captured  in  Texas,  and  kept  prisoners  a  long  time, 
and  the  rest  served  the  balance  of  its  nine  months  in  the  campaign  near 
New  Orleans. 


312       THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Jeremiah  Kelliher,  20.     Saml.  Leadbetter,  28 ;  in  the  navy. 

Charles  S.  Lord,  21.     George  W.  Little,  18. 

James  H.  Matthews,  30.     Bernard  McCabe,  22. 

Geo.  A.  Mason,  18.     Ira  K.  Messer,  21. 

John  P.  Martin,  20.     Hiram  McLaughlin,  19. 

Geo.  H.  Prentiss,  18.     John  B.  Pickett,  18. 

David  B.  Pillsbury,  25.     Wm.  A.  Roberts,  21. 

Chas.  H.  Rankin,  19  ;  9  months,  41st  Mass. 

Danl.  C.  Smith,  27 ;  9  months,  44th  Mass.1 

Wm.  A.  Stickney,  20.     Richard  B.  Sewell,  27. 

Frederick  A.  Sanborn,  20.     Saml.  W.  Taylor,  19. 

Chas.  F.  Tinkham,  18.    Chas.  H.  Trafton,  18  ;  10  months,  41st  Mass. 

Benj.  R.  Tarbox,  18.     Thos.  K.  Trout,  19 ;  9  months,  42d  Mass. 

Hiram  A.  Thomas,  19.     Henry  A.  Winn,  20. 

Chas.  C.  Webster,  41.     Geo.  W.  Wyman,  18. 

John  R.  Waytt,  20.     Weston  Wyman,  19. 

Benj.  F.  Willey,  20.     Eugene  Willworth,  20. 

Oliver  Wilson,  34.     E.  Ross  Walker,  22. 

Geo.  A.  Williams,  32  ;  5  years,  regular  U.  S.  A. 

Walter  J.  Wellington,  19.     Geo.  P.  Walkins,  18. 

William  F.  Whipple,  18.     James  E.  Walker,  27. 

Augustus  E.  Williams,  18. 

COMPANY  B,  GROTON. 

In  3  months,  1861,  and  9  months,  1862-63. 

COMPANY     ROSTER. 

Captain,  GEORGE  F.  SHATTUCK;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ; 
9  months,  1862-63. 

1  The  Forty  Fourth  Massachusetts  is  the  old  Fourth  Battalion,  and  left 
Eeadville  Oct.  22,  1862,  for  a  nine  months'  campaign  in  North  Carolina. 
It  made  a  good  record  there,  and  returned,  and  was  mustered  out  July 
21,  1863. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.         313 

First  Lieutenant,  JOSEPH  A.  BACON  ;    in  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861 ;  9  months,  1862-63. 
Second  Lieutenant,  WILLIAM  T.  CHILDS  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861;  9  months,  1862-63. 

First  Sergeant,  CHARLES  F.  WHITCHER;  in  llth  111.,  1861. 
Sergeant,  BURTON  W.  PATTER;  in  14th  Vt. 

"       GEORGE    R.    SHATTUCK;    in    6th  Mass.,    9   months, 

1862-63. 

"       DANIEL  S.  KENDALL  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 
"       HENRY  B.  STORY;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months.,  1862-63. 
Corporal,  CHARLES  F.  WILLIAMSON. 

GEORGE  W.  CHILDS  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 
"        CHARLES  W.  HILDRETH;  in  6th  Mass.,   9   months, 

1862-63. 

"        EDWIN  P.  DODGE;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months  1862-63. 
"        HENRY  S.  PERHAM;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63  ; 

Co.  K. 
"        GEORGE  A.  PARKHURST;    in   6th  Mass.,  9   months, 

1862-63;  Co.  K. 
"        RUFUS  B.    RICHARDSON;    in   6th   Mass.,    9   months, 

1862-63. 
"        ROLLINS  PERKINS;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63; 

Co.  K. 
Musician,  BOWMAN  S.  GALE;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months.,  1862-63. 

"        JOHN  BOHANON  ;  16th  N.  H. 
Wagoner,  CHARLES  BLOOD  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months.,  1862-63. 

PRIVATES. 

Charles  Adams.     John  H.  Bennett. 
Joel  A.  Bartlett.     Rufus  S.  Brown. 
Thomas  S.  Brigham.     Joseph  Baxter. 
Alonzo  K.  Blood.     Timothy  Brannan. 


314        THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

James  Broyan.     George  W.  Bennett. 

Charles  S.  Barrett.     Abel  R.  Brigham. 

George  F.  Butterfield;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63 ;  Co.  K. 

John  N.  Brown;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

Alfred  D.  Cutler.  Curtis  S.  Childs. 

Charles  N.  Clark;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Lewis  E.  Comey.     William  H.  Gate,  Jr. 

John  Cordon;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Joseph  B.  Emerson.     George  M.  Foster. 

William  S.  Flanders.     John  W.  Farrar. 

Daniel  A.  Felton.     George  H.  P.  Greenwood. 

Elbridge  E.  Gay.     Paul  Gerrish. 

Sumner  Gilson;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Samuel  K.  Gilson.     Henry.  T.  Goldie. 

George  H.  Green.     Charles  H.  Holden. 

James  P.  S.  Hitchings.     Lorenzo  F.  Hemminway. 

Jerry  Haley;  died,  Jan.,  1865.     Frank  Harnden. 

Henry  H.  Ingalls ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  Co.  K. 

Charles  E.  Isaacs.     Edward  Johnson. 

Oscar  S.  Johnson.     Seth  N.  Kingsbury. 

Alvah  B.  Kittredge.     Ira  G.  Litchfield. 

William  D.  Lee.     George  L.  Lakin.     Charles  Livermore. 

Frank  M.  Loring;  in  44th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Edward  E.  Lapham ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63 ;  Co.  K. 

Allan  F.  Little.     James  C.  Moody. 

James  Murry ;  in  6th  Mass.  Battery.     James  A.  Nutting. 

Albert  A.  Nickerson.     George  H.  Nutting. 

George  F.  Patch ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Walter  B.  Parker.     Wilfred  C.  Parsons. 

Marcus  F.  Prue.     Ruf'us  Prescott. 

George  H.  Richardson;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

Wilber  S.  Ring  ;  deceased.      Alvah  H.  Richardson. 


THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'   CAMPAIGN.       315 

Charles  H.  Ross.     Ai  Richards. 

Isaac  F.  Saunderson.     Charles  Spaulding. 

John  B.  Spaulding.     Henry  Sturtevant. 

Charles  F.  Spaulding.     Benjamin  B.  Spaulding. 

Marshall  D.  Spaulding.     Wesley  Smith. 

Charles  H.  Stone.     Charles  H.  Torrey.     William  R.  Wright. 

John  H.  Whitney;  in  6  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

John  J.  Wooster;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

William  H.  Whittemore.     Everett  J.  Woods. 

John  E.  Whiting;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months,  1862-63. 

William  T.  Wright. 

COMPANY   C. 

Was  in  the  bixth  Mass.  3  months,  1861,  and  9  months,  1862-3. 

COMPANY    ROSTER. 

Captain,  BENJ.  F.  GODDARD  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  and  9  months'  cam 
paigns. 

Lieutenant,  W.  B.  McCuRDY;  6th  Mass.,  3  and  9  months'  cam 
paigns. 

"          JOHN  A.  RICHARDSON;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Sergeant,  ISAAC  B.  PENDERGAST  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         ASGIL  H.  EAMES  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         STEPHEN  C.  AMSDEN  ;    7th  Mass.  Battery  ;  previously 

discharged  for  disability. 

"        IRA  STICKNEY  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  mos. ;  7th  Mass.  Bat.  1865. 
"         WILLIAM  J.  BLAKE  ;  ftth  Mass.,  9  months. 
Corporal,  ALBERT  HAMBLET  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         AMBROSE  S.  WILDER  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         GEORGE  H.  PROCTOR  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;    Lieut. 

10th  U.  S.  Colored,  1865. 
"         WILLIAM  H.  DORR  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 


316        THE   HUNDRED   DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal,  PRESCOTT  L.  JONES  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

"         ENOS  COLLINS;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

"         CHARLES  H.  RICHER;  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

"        MILTON  E.  GRANT  ;  27th  Maine. 
Musician,  FRANK  P.  NORRIS  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

"         HARLAN  O.  PAIGE  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

"        ALPHONZO  EASTMAN. 

PRIVATES. 

Ira  Atkinson.     Henry  Buckland  ;  in  Frontier  Cavalry,  1865. 

Gersham  C.  Bassett.     Arthur  H.  Brown  ;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

William  Bowie.     John  Bowie. 

Augustus  Burgess  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 

James  H.  Burnham ;  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  7th  Mass.  Bat. 

Fred  H.  Barnard ;  since  in  Frontier  Cavalry. 

William  F.  Barry.     Willis  H.  Brooks. 

Joseph  Bixby ;  Co.  D,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 

James  G.  Clark ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

William  H.  Clark.     Edward  H.  Clark ;  44th  Mass.,  9  months. 

John  H.  Caverly ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months.     Hugh  Campbell. 

James  P.  Campbell.     Charles  F.  Carr. 

Jason  W.  Crosby  ;  Frontier  Cavalry,  1865. 

Benjamin  F.  Crosby  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery.   . 

Edward  W.  Cowan  ;  1st  Me.  Cavalry ;  discharged  for  disability  ; 

since  in  18th  N.  H  ;  discharged  for  disability. 
Robert  Carver;  1  year  in  Navy;  died  June  17,  1865. 
Roscoe  G.  Crowell ;  Co.  H,  6th*  Mass.,  9  months. 
George  W.  Cross.    William  B.  Crafts. 
Dudley  B.  Cole.     William  D.  Day.     Niles  I.  Donaldson. 
William  II.  Diggles;  19th  Mass.;  discharged  for  disability. 
Edward  Downing.     Benjamin  F.  Evans;  6th  Mass.,  9  months.    . 
Teddy  Eno;  Frontier  Cavalry,  1865.     Edward  A.  Ellis. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.       317 

George  T.  Farmer ;  Sergt.  in  Frontier  Cavalry. 

Benjamin  F.  Freeman ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Joseph  Farrell ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 

Edward  A.  Fuller ;  Co.  D,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

John  H.  P.  Guild.     Blaney  Godfrey  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Edward  Gilman.     Edwin  M.  Gray.     William  R.  Hamilton. 

Freeman  A.  Hobart;  1st  New  Hampshire,  3  months,  1861  ;  since, 

18th  New  Hampshire. 

Edward  B.  Harlow.     John  H.  Humes  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 
Harvey*C.  Hardy.     Edwin  Hovey. 

Thomas  H.  Harrington  ;  Co.  A,  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 
Daniel  B.  L.  Lamson  ;  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Edwin  Ladd;  118th  N.  Y;  discharged  for  disability. 
Alonzo  Lary.     Charles  E.  Lovrein  ;  Co.  H,  6th  Massachusetts,  9 

months. 

Frank  Mansfield  ;  1 2th  Maine.     John  Melvin. 
William  Marr ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 

James  Marr ;  Co.  A,  6th  Mass.,  9  months.     Kimball  Marshall. 
Irving  VV.  Mason ;  3d  Vt. ;  since,  15th  Mass.  Battery. 
George  B.  Ordway.     William  H.  Perrin. 
Andrew  J.  Putnam.     Frank  B.  Peabody. 
Frank  O.  Rolfe;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 
Nathaniel  Roberts ;  Co.  H,  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 
George  H.  Smith.     Cordyce  R.  Sprague ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 
Lawrence  Stan  wood  ;  71st  Indiana;  discharged  for  disability. 
George  Short ;    Co.   A,  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  since,   7th  Mass. 

Battery. 

Charles  A.  Stevens  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 
Augustus  C.  Stearns.     Oliver  S.  Sanderson. 
Samuel  Titus  ;  Orderly  Sergeant  Frontier  Cavalry. 
Alvin  S.  Twiss.     Charles  A.  Vinal. 
John  D.  Wadleigh  ;  22d  Mass. ;  dis.  for  disability ;  navy  since. 


318       THE   HUNDRED   DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Butler  J.  Wetmore  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery.     James  Ward. 
William  C.  Witham.     Orestes  L.  Woods. 
George  E.  Wright.     Matthew  F.  Worthen. 

COMPANY   D,    LOWELL. 

In  3  Months,  1861,  and  9  months  1862-3. 

COMPANY  ROSTER. 

Captain,  JAMES  W.  HART  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  mos. ;  6th  Mass.,  9  mos. 
First  Lieutenant,  SAMUEL  C.  PINNEY  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  months ;  also, 

9  months. 
Second  Lieutenant,  HIRAM  C.  MUSSEY  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  months  ;  6th 

Mass.,  9  months ;  2d  U.  S. 

First  Sergeant,  JASON  J.  C.  BROWN  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Sergeant,  CHARLES  W.  WEBBER  ;  47th  Mass,  9  months. 
"         REUBEN  H.  DITSON  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"        JAMES  M.  SANBORN  ;  6th  Mass.,  3  mos. ;  1st  R.  I.  Cav. 
"         HOWARD  COBURN  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Corporal,  PETER  LITTLEHALE;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         SOLOMON  SPAULDING  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         SIMEON  C.  CHANDLER  ;    6th  Mass.,  3  months,  33d 

Mass. 

"         HARRISON  NOURSE  ;  44th  Mass.,  9  months.    . 
"        CHARLES  F.  SIMONDS. 
"         ALBERT  P.  PE  AXES;  *    1st  Mass. ;   mustered  out  May 

25,  1864. 
"        HENRY  A.  DUTTON;  26th  Mass. 

i  The  First  Massachusetts  left  the  State  June  5th,  1861 :  the  first  of  the 
three  years'  regiments.  It  was  at  Bull  Run,  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks, 
Glendale,  Malvern  Hill,  Kettle  Run,  Second  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  and 
Fredericksburg.  It  gave  Stonewall  Jackson  his  mortal  wound.  After 
wards  it  was  at  Chancellorsville,  and  other  great  buttles,  and  has  made  a 
record  to  immortalize  every  member  of  it. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        319 

Corporal,  CHARLES  F.  DANE  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Drummer,  CHARLES  H.  COLLINS  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"        JOHN  W.  BABB  ;  loth  N.  H.,  9  months. 

PRIVATES. 

John  W.  Abbott.     Sylvester  D.  Abbott. 

Charles  H.  Abbott ;  47th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Hiram  H.  Aldrich.     James  W.  Adlington.     Joseph  H.  Buck. 

Robert  O.  Bird.     George  E.  Barker.     James  Boyle. 

Oscar  E.  Browne  ;  6th  Vermont.     John  H.  Browne. 

Otis  S.  Browne.     Lucius  M.  Burke. 

John  H.  Butterfield ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Lucius  Butterfield.     Edwin  M.  Brooks.     Charles  M.  Butler. 

Edward  Bulfinch  ;  5th  Mass.,  9  months.     Edwin  W.  Bartlett. 

William  S.  Bennett.     Henry  H.  Cochran  ;  33d  Mass. 

Frank  Crowley.     Addison  G.  Coburn.     Edward  M.  Converse. 

Charles  Cummings.     James  H.  Carton. 

Waldo  B.  Church.     Charles  Chapman. 

Henry  Desouza;  47th  Mass.,  9  months  ;  navy,  subsequently. 

Albert  L.  Dutton.     Fred.  Davis.     Michael  Dassey. 

Peter  Duville  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months.     Walter  H.  Eagar. 

Michael  Farrell.     WTilliam  E.  Frost.     George  W.  Forbush. 

John  T.  Godfrey.     Charles  A.  Gordon.     Joseph  D.  Gilman. 

Lorenzo  D.  Gilman;  19th  Maine,  3  years. 

John  Gray,  Jr.     George  B.  Greaves ;  reenlisted. 

Joseph  A.  Goodwin;  44th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Charles  W.  Goodhue  ;  15th  N.  H.,  9  months. 

Frank  D.  Hill.     Abial  P.  Holt. 

Benjamin  F.  Harris.     George  F.  Harris  ;  20th  Ct.,  9  months. 

Newell  Harris.     Erasmus  Holmes.     Simon  Flynn. 

William  Kemmick ;  47th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Charles  H.  Kibbee.     George  F.  Leird. 


320         THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

* 

John  Long;  died  Oct.  4th,  1864,  at  Fort  Delaware,  of  small-pox. 

George  A.  Locke.     Samuel  L.  Lane.     Patrick  C.  Murphy. 

Thomas  H.  Mullen.     Frank  S.  Mason.     Thomas  J.  McDonnell. 

Jonas  E.  Monroe.     James  Meredith  ;  navy,  1  year. 

James  McAloon  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months  ;  navy. 

James  O'Brien.     Elbridge  W.  Pierce. 

George  W.  Pelsue;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

George  B.  Pike  ;  27th  Maine,  9  months. 

Charles  F.  Robinson.     William  M.  Rushworth. 

Charles  S.  Richardson.     John  H.  Shields. 

Willard  S.  C.  Sargent.     George  F.  Smith.     George  C.  Smith. 

Samuel  A.  Smith ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Moses  W.  Stockman.     Thomas  S.  Stone.     George  W.  Sawyer. 

Merrill  J.  Wentworth  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months ;  reenlisted. 

E.  Amri  Thissell. 

COMPANY  E,  ACTON. 

In  3  months,  1861,  and  9  months,  1862-63. 

COMPANY     ROSTER. 

Captain,  FRANK  H.  WHITCOMB  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
First  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  W.  KNIGHTS  ;   in  6th  Mass.,  3  and 

9  months. 

Second  Lieutenant,  ISAIAH  HUTCHINS  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
First  Sergeant,    A.  B.   CLINTON  DOUGLAS;  in  18th  Missouri; 
discharged  on  account  of  wounds,  received  in  battle 
Pittsburg  Landing,  Tenn. 

Sergeant,  GEORGE  L.  SAWYER  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         HENRY  M.  HOYT  ;  in  44th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         ANDREW  J.  SAWYER  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  and  9  months. 
"         ALBERT  W.  ROBBINS  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 


THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        321 

Corporal,  FORESTUS  D.  K.  HOAR  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         CHARLES  E.  SPRAGUE  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         ROLLIN  O.  LINSLKY  ;   in   6th   Vermont ;    discharged 
on    account    of  disease    contracted    in  Peninsular 
campaign. 

"         OSCAR  E.  PRESTON  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
44         FRANCIS  E.  HARRIS  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         WILLIAM  CHAPLIN,  Jr. ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         ALONZO  F.  BURBANK;  in  44th  Mass.,  9  months. 
"         GEORGE  W.  KNOWLTON  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 

PRIVATES. 

Frank  W.  Ames.     Frank  Atherton. 

Albert  Albee;  42d  Mass.,  9  months;  taken  prisoner  at  Brashear 

City,  June  23,  1863  ;  paroled  June  26,  1863. 
Sylvester  Brown  ;  3  years,  in  Navy.     Alfred  Brown. 
Thomas  H.  Brooks,  Jr.     Chelles  Byam.     Henry  O.  Burnham. 
George  S.  Bugbee.     Fred.  G.  Cooley.     J.  Sherman  Conant. 
Waldo  Chaplin.     Charles  F.  Cora.    John  Conway. 
John  Cass.     William  H.  Chadsey.     Asa  Collier. 
John  Conley.     Richard  D.  Child. 
Dudley  P.  Cole ;  transferred  to  Co.  C. 
Andrew  J.  Putnam ;  transferred  to  Co.  C. 
Frank  B.  Pt-abody  ;  transferred  to  Co.  C. 
Samuel  Beecher ;  transferred  to  Co.  A. 
Charles  H.  Eaton.     John  W.  Evans.     Ephraim  Forbush. 
Daniel  H.  Farrar;  in  6th  Mass,  9  months. 

Leonard  A.  Felton.    Chauncey  U.  Fuller  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
Benj.  F.  Foster.     Meldon  S.  Giles. 
Lewis  H.  George  ;  47th  Mass.,  9  months. 
William  U.  Grennan ;  in  7th  N.  J.,  3   years,  in  Mexican  war ; 

3  months,  69th  N.  Y.  1861  ;  6th  Mass.,  9  months. 
21 


322        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Elisha  Goodwin.     Benj.  D.  Gorham. 

Albert  Hardy.     Frank  M.  Holmes. 

True  E.  Holmes.     Lucius  Hosmer. 

Edmund  P.  Hosiner.     William  Haley. 

Charles  W.  Hapgood.     Alfred  B.  Jenkins. 

Jonas  A.  Kelton.     Charles  M.  Kimball. 

Hiram  Knights.     Alonzo  A.  Knights. 

Edwin  Little.     Dennis  Long. 

Peter  La  Mountain.     James  P.  Litch. 

John  McElaney.     Edmund  Maunder. 

George  Mace.    James  Melvin.    James  C.  Melvin. 

Lewis  W.  Mathu ;  in  28th  Mass. ;  discharged  on  account  of  sick 
ness,  Jan.  31st,  1864. 

Henry  W.  Moore.     Thomas  H.  G.  Marston. 

John  Q.  Nichols.     James  H.  Noble. 

George  G.  Puffer.     Rockwood  Puffer. 

Henry  D.  Parlin.     Moses  S.  Page.     William  Roach. 

Luke  Smith;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861;  26th  Mass.;  dis 
charged  on  account  of  sickness. 

George  D.  Smith.     Henry  W.  Smith. 

Emery  A.  Symonds.     Henry  H.  Spaulding. 

Edwin  G.  Thomas.     Charles  H.  Tuttle. 

John  B.  Taylor,  Jr.     Albert  Vilno.     Ethan  Valentine. 

Edwin  F.  Webber;  in  44th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Robert  Wayne.     James  Wayne. 

Eben  F.  Wood ;  in  6th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  12  months  in  Navy. 

Homer  A.  Warren.     Andrew  C.  Wright,  Jr. 

William  A.  Williams.     John  B.  Walker.     J.  Fletcher  Whitney. 

COMPANY  F,  BOSTON, 

Was  an  unattached  company  of  the  Independent  Division 
of  the  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  raised  in  South 


THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        323 

Boston  in  April,  1864.  It  was  organized,  May  6th,  by 
the  choice  of  Henry  W.  Wilson  as  Captain,  Edmund  C. 
Colman  as  First  Lieutenant,  and  Richard  J.  Fennelly  as 
Second  Lieutenant.  With  the  approbation  of  His  Excel 
lency,  Gov.  Andrew,  it  adopted  the  name  of  the  Andrew 
Light  Infantry,  and  as  such,  on  the  evening  of  Wednes 
day,  the  7th  of  July,  the  evening  of  the  day  on  which 
orders  were  promulgated,  voted  to  respond  to  the  call 
of  the  governor  for  100  days'  troops,  which  action  was 
reported  at  head-quarters  the  day  following,  and  orders 
were  issued  for  the  company  to  be  recruited  to  the  max 
imum  number.  On  Saturday,  July  10th,  the  commander 
reported  the  company  full,  and  ready  for  duty.  On 
Wednesday,  he  received  orders  to  go  to  camp  at  Read- 

ville,  which  was  done  the  day  following. 

•%. 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 
Captain,  HENRY  W.  WILSON. 

First  Lieutenant,   EDMUND  C.  COLMAN  ;    promoted  from  First 
^  Lieut,  to  be  Adjutant,  Aug.  1st,  1864. 

"  ARCHELAUS  N.  LEMAN  ;  promoted  from  First 

Sergt,  Sept.  14th,  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  RICHARD  J.  FENNELLY. 
First  Sergeant,  ARCHELAUS  N.  LEMAN  ;  promoted  to  be  First 

Lieutenant,  Sept  14th,  1864. 

"  WILLARD  L.  HA  WES;  in  5th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

Sergeant,  THOMAS  H.  EVANS,  JR.;  42d  Mass.,  1862-63. 
"        JAMES  F.  RUMRILL. 

"         J.  DAVIS  WILDER;  in  7th  Maine,  2  years;  discharged 
for  disability. 


324        THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Sergeant,  WILLIAM  F.  GARDNER  ;  in  42d  Mass.,  1862-63. 
Corporal,  CHARLES  H.  KENDALL. 

"        JACOB  W.  HASKELL. 

"        FRANK  E.  PARK. 

"         WILLIAM  H.  CONWAY;  1st  Mass.;  discharged  for  dis 
ability,  Oct.  18th,  1862. 

"        JAMES  E.  STANLEY;  42d Mass.,  1862-63. 

"         FRANKLIN  HA  WES  ;  42d  Mass.,  1862-63;  since  in  Navy. 

"        CHAS.  II.  HAWES. 

"        BARTHOLOMEW  HALEY. 
Musician,  WM.  E.  N.  POTTER. 

PRIVATES. 

Joshua  Atwood,  Jr. 

Geo.  F.  Bartlett ;  served  previously  on  the  gunboat  "  Louisiana," 
13  months;  since  re-enlisted  in  Navy. 

Frank  Bailey. 

Edwin  H.  Bliss;  previously  in  Navy;  re-enlisted  in  Vet.  Res. 
Corps,  and  since  died. 

Stockwell  Bettes. 

Charles  Butler  ;  1st  Maine,  3  months ;  discharged  for  disability. 

William  D.  Blois. 

James  Brownlow ;  in  29th  Mass.,  2  years;  discharged,  disability. 

William  F.  Bacon. 

Isaac  Bartley;  in  Cook's  Battery,  3  months,  1861. 

Henry  Buck  ;  35th  Mass. ;  wounded  at  South  Mountain  ;  disch'd. 

James  B.  Brown.     William  W.  Bryant. 

Danl.  K.  Balchelder;  in  13th  Mass.,1  18  months,  discharged;  dis 
ability. 

1  The  Thirteenth  Massachusetts  was  in  the  most  arduous  and  faithful 
service,  three  years,  from  July  30,  1861.  The  Second  Bull  Eun,  An- 
tietam,  both  Fredericksburgs  and  Gettysburg,  Grant's  chief  battles,  and 
most  of  the  stirring  scenes  in  which  the  immortal  Army  of  the  Potomac 
participated,  were  experienced  by  this  heroic  regiment. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        325 

Francis  Burns.     James  O.  Brown. 

Valentine  Bradshaw.    George  Burke. 

Thomas  Clark.     George  S.  Cole.     Albert  Converse. 

Peter  Carley  ;  re-enlisted,  and  since  died.     Chas.  H.  Durgin. 

Lorenzo  J.  Damm  ;  served  on  the  gunboat  "  Miami  "16  months. 

Dennis  W.  Downing.     Francis  Eaton. 

Lawrence  W.  Flood.     James  Freeman,  Jr. 

William  Fitzgerald  ;  42dN.  Y.,  18  months;  wounded,  discharged. 

Dennis  Foley.     John  H.  Gardner. 

Frank  W.  Griffin ;  in  Navy.     Peter  Glynn. 

Frederic  A.  Harding.     Charles  Hertkorn. 

James  Hatch.     Benjamin  A.  Ham. 

John  H.  Haskins;  42d  Mass.,  1862-63  ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 

Lucius  Howard,  Jr.     Oliver  Howard.     Charles  Henan. 

Orrin  C.  Hussey ;  9th  Mass.  Battery,  15  months;  discharged  for 

disability;  died,  Oct.  26th,  1864. 
Henry  H.  Hall.     Charles  W.  Holmes. 
George  Howard.     Patrick  Hanley. 
Saml.  S.  Knigdon.     Warren  A.  Lewis. 
Lewis  Lunt.     D.  Swanson  Lewis. 

James  H.  Leighton.     James  Leavitt.     Joseph  G.  Lay  field. 
Thomas  J.  Linton ;  22d  Mass.,  8  months ;  discharged,  disability. 
Elijah  G.  Learned.     Chas.  F.  Morrill. 

Lunos  F.  Mendall.     William  H.  Mason.     Joseph  S.  McCully. 
John  R.  Merrick;  18th1  Mass.,  2  years;  discharged. 
Lyman  B.  Manning.     Saml.  Newmarch,  Jr.     Edward  Noonan. 
David  Powers ;  in  25th  N.  Y.,  3  months ;  also  in  1st  U.  S.  Artillery, 

14  months;  discharged,  disability. 

1  The  Eighteenth  Massachusetts  Regiment  left  the  State  in  August, 
1861,  and  was  at  Games'  Mills,  Second  Bull  Run,  Fredericksburg, 
Shepardston,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Rappahannock  Station,  Mine 
Creek,  and  Grant's  battles  before  Richmond.  Sept.  3d,  the  battalion  was 
consolidated  with  the  Thirty  Second  Massachusetts. 


326        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Frank  Pluto.     James  H.  Rush.     Henry  L.  Reed. 

James  A.  Riley  ;  20th  Mass. ;  wounded  at  Fredericksburg ;  disch'd. 

Robert  S.  Ripner.     David  Robinson  ;  42d  Mass.,  1862-63. 

John  Smith ;  28th  Mass. ;  wounded,  discharged. 

Henry  R.  Smith;  on  gunboat  "  Louisiana,"  13  months;  time  out. 

Hugh  Turish;  9th  Mass.;  discharged,  Aug.  18th,  1861. 

George  A.  Thomas;  died,  Nov.  13,  1864. 

Oliver  Thompson. 

William  A.  Taylor;  on  gunboat  "  Hunchback,"  13  months. 

Augustus  Wilder. 

Eben  Wilder;  sloop  of  war  "  Dacotah,"  1  year;  time  out. 

Chas.  C.  Wadleigh  ;  gunboat  "  Macedonia,'  1  year  ;  time  out. 

John  Weigle.     Thomas  B.  Wiggin,  Jr.     Thomas  Walsh. 

COMPANY  G,  LOWELL. 

In  9  montJis,  1862-3. 

COMPANY     ROSTER. 

Captain,  NATHAN  TAYLOR  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
First  Lieutenant,  CHARLES  H.  BASSETT  ;  6th  Mass,  1862-3. 
Second  Lieutenant,  PAUL  PAULUS  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
First  Sergeant,  GEORGE  G.  TARBELL  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Sergeant,  MARCUS  W.  COPPS  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         JOHN  F.  TOWNSEND  ;  in  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         S.  AUGUSTUS  LENFEST  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"        JAMES  R.  HILL  ;   previously  in  llth  Mass. ;  afterward 

in  15th  Battery. 
Corporal,  CHARLES  H.  RICHARDSON  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         ALBERT  T.  GREEN;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         EDWARD  B.  HOLT  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         RANDOLPH  C.  LORD  ;  6th  Mass.,  1852-3. 

"         GEORGE  H.  FAVOR;   6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN.         327 

Corporal,  ANDREW  LIDDELL  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         SAMUEL  E.  STEARNS;  6th Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         STEPHEN  A.  BULLENS  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Musician,  ERASTUS  H.  GRAY;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         G.  WINFIELD  KNOWLTON. 

PRIVATES. 

George  W.  Adams.     Ora  A.  Atkins. 

William  E.  Averell ;  1 2th  Mass.  Battery.1 

Andrew  I.  Angell.     James  F.  Auld  ;  12th  Mass.  Battery. 

Frederick  A.  Baron.     John  D.  Biekford  ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 

Charles  Breckenridge.     William  Black. 

Oliver  K.  Bradford.     Allen  Bailey. 

Joshua  H.  Bailey.     Edward  Bailey. 

Edward  T.  Bartlett.     Hervey  Bingham. 

Elias  H.  Colburn.     George  D.  Coburn  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

William  WT.  Chase.     Marshall  H.  Clough;  died,  July,  1865. 

George  A.  Davis.     John  Engell. 

Amos  B.  Filmore.     Clarendon  Goodwin;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

Samuel  W. Grimes ;  6th  Mass.,  186 2-3,  promoted  to  Sergeant  Major. 

Thomas  J.  Gray. 

Joseph  C.  Hill ;  8th  Me.,  discharged  for  disability. 

Charles  A.  Hilton  ;  27th  Me.,  1862-3  ;  12th  Mass.  Battery. 

Charles  B.  Holt.     Henry  H.  Holt ;  2d  Mass.,  three  years. 

Charles  H.  Huntoon.     George  C.  Hedrick. 

Henry  Hutchinson  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

Alfred  A.  Hatch.     William  Hanneford. 

Amos  T.  Hersey.     Henry  H.  Harris. 

John  H.  Haggett;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3,  subsequently,  Frontier  Cav. 

William  A.  Ingham  ;  47th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

1  The  Massachusetts  Twelfth  Battery  left  the  State,  Jan.  3d,  1863,  and 
h  as  been  stationed  in  the  Gulf  Department. 


328        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Julius  C.  Jockow.     William  H.  Kimball ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

Abner  L.  Kittredge.     Nathan  G.  Lamson. 

Horace  H.  Leavitt.     George  F.  Lawton.     Laurin  Martin. 

Joseph  A.  Mongovan ;  15th  Mass.  Battery. 

Patrick  H.  Mannix ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 

J.  Eldridge  Morse.     Daniel  \V.  Mosher. 

George  A.  Noyes.     Eugene  W.  Norton. 

Lyman  B.  Patten.     Daniel  O.  Pearson.     Henry  Parker. 

John  Pierce  ;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3.     Auburn  F.  Pearl. 

Sydney  A.  Parker ;  left  arm  blown  off,  and  finger  and  thumb  of 

right  hand,  when  firing  a  salute  in  Carlisle,  celebrating  the 

fall  of  Richmond. 
William  B.  Piper. 

John  H.  Prescott;  32d  Mass.,  discharged,  disability. 
Thomas  Stott.     Samuel  E.  Stott. 
David  Scott.     William  W.  Savage. 
Owen  H.  Savage.     John  Spencer;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Sylvanus  Sanborn.     James  B.  P.  Sanborn. 
John  C.  Sanborn  ;  2d  Lieut.  16th  Vermont;  discharged  disability  ; 

Frontier  Cavalry. 

George  C.  Stevens.     G.  Warren  Spaulding ;  7th  Mass.  Battery. 
Henry  M.  Thompson.     William  B.  Tingley;  6th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Daniel  H.  Varnum.     Walter  O.  Wetherbee. 
Thomas  Willman.     John  R.  Willman. 
Alfred  Worthington.     George  M.  Whitcomb. 
William  P.  Wadleigh.     Charles  Washburn. 

COMPANY  H,  BOSTON, 

Has  a  brief,  but  most  creditable  history.  In  response 
to  the  call  of  the  government,  a  recruiting  office  was 
opened  in  Boston,  July  llth,  by  Capt.  Ware,  and  Lieuts. 
Tripp  and  Chittenden  ;  and  the  next  day  the  muster-roll. 


T  n  E    HUNDRED    D  A  Y  s '  C  A  M  p  A  i  o  N  .        329 

contained  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  names,  from 
which  the  company  was  selected.  It  reported  at  the 
State  House  the  12th,  went  into  camp  the  14th,  and  was 
mustered  in  the  16th.  Without  making  any  invidious 
distinction,  this  company  can  be  characterized  as  compe 
tent  to  occupy  a  position  in  any  regiment,  however  well- 
drilled,  and  prompt  in  the  discharge  of  the  duty  required 
of  soldiers. 

COMPANY    ROSTER.. 

Captain,  MOSES  E.  WARE;  45th  Ma.ss.,  1862-3. 
First  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  L.  TRIPP  ;  44th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Second  Lieutenant,  ALBERT  A.  CHITTENDEN  ;  45th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Sergeant,  WILLIAM  R.  ADAMS;  44th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

u         BENJAMIN  V.  COBURN;  45th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"        FRANK  G.  GORHAM. 

"         GEORGE  T.  LOVEJOY  ;  in  45th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

"         HENRY  S.  MACOMBER  ;  44th  Mass.,  1862-63. 
Corporal,  EDWARD  F.  BUTTERS;  45th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"        JOHN  M.  CALL,  JR. 

"         WILLIAM  GALLAGHER  ;    1 7th  U.  S.  Inf. ;  discharged, 
disability. 

"         GEORGE  E.  HEYWOOD  ;  45th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

"         CHARLES  L.  LE  CAIN;  44th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

"        WILLIAM  B.  LIVKRMORE  ;  44th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

"         CHARLES  S.  PIKE;  45th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

"         GEORGE  H.  TEWKSBURY  ;  44th  Mass.,  1862-63. 
Drummer,  JULIUS  C.  SHAILER. 

"         GEORGE  G.  ALLEN;  5th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

PRIVATES. 

Ora  S.  Abbott.     Henry  H.  Ashcroft. 


330         THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Lyman  Andrews,  Jr.     Lucius  A.  Brown. 

Allston  G.  Bouve.     Walter  C.  Bowers.     Frank  T.  Bayley. 

Edward  H.  Bowers;  1st  Batt.  Penn.,  3  mos.,  1861. 

"Wilfred  Barker.     Dana  B.  Brigham.     Frederick  Grossman. 

Isaac  Curtis,  Jr. ;  20th  Mass. ;  discharged,  disability. 

William  J.  Conn ;  died  at  Regimental  Hospital,  August  9th,  1864. 

Daniel  Carter;  47th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

Charles  T.  Clark.     Ransom  F.  Clayton. 

Luther  G.  Chandler.     Edward  F.  Clark. 

Lorenzo  B.  Dutton.     Joseph  H.  Dorety. 

Aaron  K.  Downs.     Warren  P.  Dustin. 

Melville  Eggleston.     Edward  Flannagan. 

William  I.  Fletcher.     Charles  A.  Fox. 

Eben  A.  Folsom.     M.  William  Greenwood. 

Charles  W.  Grant.     Charles  F.  Gardner.     Nathaniel  Grant. 

Joseph  H.  Hunneman,  Jr. ;  45th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

John  G.  Hutchins.     Albert  H.  Hopkins. 

Charles  S.  Hersey.     B.  Frank  Hatstat. 

Frank  S.  Henry;  Co.  B,  10th  Vermont;  discharged,  disability. 

Theodore  L.  Harlow.     Nathaniel  H.  Kemp. 

Wells  G.  Kellogg.     Charles  F.  Low.    John  Loughrey. 

Stephen  Mitchell;  66th  N.  Y.,  one  year;  discharged,  disability. 

S.  Oscar  Merrill.     Timothy  Murphy;  36th  N.  Y. ;  2  years. 

Luther  Moulton  ;  38th  Mass.1     Charles  H.  Nowell. 

Gardner  O.  North;  53d  Mass.,2  9  months;  discharged,  disability. 

Albert  Norton.     George  E.  Otis. 

John  H.  Oviatt.     Frank  L.  Putnam. 

1  The  Thirty  Eighth  Massachusetts  started  for  the  seat  of  war,  Sept.  24, 
1862,  and  arrived  in  New  Orleans,  Jan.  1,  1863.     It  was  at  Port  Hudson, 
Red  River,  and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  under  Sheridan,  and  at  Cedar 
Creek,  etc. 

2  The  Fifty  Third  Massachusetts  spent  its  nine  months  of  service  in  the 
Department  of  the  Gulf,  and  served  an  honorable  campaign. 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        331 

Arthur  W.  Pope.     Arthur  Rogers. 

John  Rider.     Thomas  Scott. 

Edwin  R.  Swett.     Clarence  A.  Swan. 

Gregory  Stone.     Charles  L.  Snow. 

Robert  W.  Storer;  45th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

Frederick  W.  Stackpole  ;  45th  Mass.,  1862-63. 

George  T.  Scott.     Pelatiah  R.  Tripp ;  27th  Maine,  1862-63. 

Daniel  L.  Tower. 

George  W.  Thacher;  died,  Fort  Delaware,   Sept.   13,   1864,  of 

chronic  diarrhoea. 

Francis  A.  Taylor.     Walter  T.  Winslow. 
H.  Howard  Wilson.     William  M.  Whitehouse. 

COMPANY  I,  SALEM. 

Company  I,  the  Salem  Mechanic  Light  Infantry,  is  one 
of  othe  oldest  and  most  honored  companies  in  the  State. 
It  was  organized  February  22d,  1807,  and  paraded 
for  the  first  time,  July  4th,  of  the  same  year.  It  has 
uniformly  preserved  its  organization  to  the  present  time, 
and  never  paraded  with  fewer  than  twenty-five  non-com 
missioned  officers  and  privates.  Before  1861,  and  since 
the  three  months'  campaign  of  that  year,  it  was  always 
known  as  company  B,  Seventh  Massachusetts  ;  but 
it  was  detached  to  the  Fifth  Massachusetts,  by  the  Gov 
ernor,  and  received  orders,  April  19th,  1861,  at  3  P.  M., 
to  report  in  Faneuil  Hall  at  10  the  next  morning.  •  At 
7  o'clock,  April  20th,  the  company  assembled  in  its 
armory,  to  the  number  of  one  hundred  and  twenty,  includ 
ing  three  commissioned  officers,  answered  to  roll-call, 
and  then  marched  to  the  City  Hall,  where  Col.  Perley 


332       THE  HUNDRED  DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Putman,  the  first  commander,  presented  them  a  silk 
American  flag,  in  behalf  of  the  ladies,  when,  followed  by 
the  cheers  and  regards  of  the  whole  city,  they  departed 
for  Boston,  arriving  at  the  place  of  rendezvous  at  ten 
precisely.  The  surplus  men  of  the  maximum  number  re 
quired  were  sent  home,  very  much  to  their  disappointment. 

At  7  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  21st,  the  Fifth  Reg 
iment  left  Boston,  with  Cook's  Battery,  arriving  in  Wash 
ington  April  26th,  in  the  vicinity  of  which  city  and  of 
Alexandria  they  remained  till  July  16th,  doing  garrison 
and  fatigue  duty,  when  the  regiment  left  in  the  direction 
of  Bull  Run.  The  Fifth  did  good  service  on  that  un 
fortunate  day,  and  fell  back  with  the  rest  of  the  federal 
army  to  Washington  on  the  22d,  and  reached  Boston,  a 
fortnight  beyond  its  time,  on  the  30th.  It  had  a  mag 
nificent  reception  everywhere  ;  company  I  receiving  from 
Salem,  on  the  1st  of  August,  a  most  flattering  wel 
come.  Captain  Staten  entered  the  campaign  as  First 
Lieutenant,  but  was  promoted  to  the  captaincy  on  the 
promotion  of  Captain  Pierson  to  the  lieutenant-colonelcy, 
July  6th,  1861. 

The  commissioned  officers  of  this  company,  from 
1807  down,  were  as  follows  : 

Captains. —  Perley  Putnam,  1807-10;  Benj.  Hopes,  1810-12; 
Joseph  Edwards,  1812-16;  David  Bobbins,  1816-20;  Daniel 
Millett,  1820-22  ;  Benj.  George,  1822-24;  David  Pulsifer,  1824-28  ; 
Jeremiah  S.  Perkins,  1828-34;  James  Chamberlain,  1834-37;  James 
Kimball,  1837-41;  John  A.  Browne,  1841-43;  Wm.  B.  Brown, 


THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        333 

1843-47;  Wm.  Sauaders,  1847-50;  Benj.  R.  White,  1850-3; 
Simeon  Flint,  1853-6;  Albert  S.  Follansbee,  1856-7;  George 
H.  Peirson,  185 7-61  ;  Edward  H.  Staten,  1861-65. 

Lieutenants.  —  Several  of  the  captains,  and  Oliver  Peabody, 
Wm.  Roberts,  Josiah  Lord,  Wm.  Brown,  Jonathan  L.  Kimball, 
Wm.  Merritt,  Wm.  H.  Danforth,  Thomas  M.  Dix,  Reuben  G. 
Nelson,  George  Norris,  Jr.,  Henry  F.  Saunders,  Lewis  E.  Went- 
worth,  Jesse  B.  Edwards,  Daniel  B.  Lord,  Israel  P.  Harris,  Isaac 
S.  Noyes,  Daniel  B.  Lord,  Jr.,  Chas.  D.  Stiles,  Joseph  H.  Glidden, 
Geo.  M.  Crowell. 

COMPANY    ROSTER. 

Captain,  EDWARD  H.  STATEN  ;   5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ;  6 

months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant,  JOSEPH  H.  GLIDDEN  ;  5th  Mass.,  3  months, 
1861  ;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862  ; 
Capt.  in  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant,  GEORGE  M.  CROWELL  ;  5th  Mass.,  3  months, 

1861 ;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 

Sergeant,  ROBERT  P.  CLOUGH;  5  months  at  Fort  Weftren,  1862, 

in  Battalion  of  Cadets. 

"         JOSHUA  W.  DOWST  ;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ;  Capt 

Reed's  Mounted  Rangers ;  discharged  for  disability. 

"         BENJAMIN  F.PICKERING;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861 ; 

6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 
"         CHARLES  A.WILLIAMS;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 
"         CHARLES  H.  GWINN;   5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861;   6 

months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 

Corporal,  ELDEN  BENNETT  ;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unat 
tached,  1862. 

"         AUGUSTUS    SHEPARD  ;    6  months   at    Fort  Warren, 
unattached,  1862. 


334        THE    HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN. 

Corporal,  CHARLES  A.  STATEN;  6th  months  at  Fort  Warren, 
unattached,  1862. 

"  WARREN  P.  DODGE  ;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unat 
tached,  1862. 

"        NATHANIEL  A.  SYMONDS;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 

"        JOHN  CHANDLER. 

"  JOSEPH  E.  WALDRON  ;  5  months  at  Fort  Warren, 
Battalion  Cadets,  unattached,  1862. 

"  DANIEL  STANIFORD  ;  5  months  at  Fort  Warren,  Bat 
talion  Cadetfe,  unattached,  1862. 

PRIVATES. 

Peter  F.  Adams.     Thomas  M.  Adams.     Frank  Atwood. 
George  F.  Averill ;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 
George  W.  Bragdon  ;  re-enlisted  in  Frontier  Cavalry. 
John  H.  Burrough.     Albion  W.  Bodwell. 
Otis  Burnham;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 
Edward  W.  Burding.     Arthur  Branigan. 
William  Collins;  8th  Mass.,  1862.     Daniel  A.  Caskin. 
Patrick  Collins;  8th  Mass.,  1862. 
J.  H.  Dodge;  died  of  diphtheria,  Sept.  5,  1864. 
Walter  S.  Daniels. 

Henry  F.  English;  8th  Mass.,  1862;  1  year  in  Navy. 
James  W.  English ;  5  years  in  2d  U.  S.  Cavalry. 
George  Evans;  Navy,  3  years.     John  Flood;  48th  Mass.,  1862. 
George  L.  Goss ;  23d  Wisconsin  ;  discharged  for  disability. 
William  Goodrich. 

Charles  II.  Giles;  5th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861. 
John  H.  Hall.     Onis  K.  Huff. 
James  A.  Hall;  re-enlisted  in  62d  Mass. 
Thomas  T.  Hines ;  48th  Mass.,  9  months. 

Thomas  Hartman  ;    1 7th  Mass. ;  discharged  for  disability ;  re-en 
listed  in  62d  Mass. 


THE    HUNDRED  DAYS'  CAMPAIGN.       335 

Nathaniel  K.  Howard.     William  S.  Inman. 

Luther  D.  Kilbourn.     Jeremiah  Kerby. 

Charles  L.  Lord ;  5  months  at  Fort  Warren,  Bat.  of  Cadets,  1861. 

William  D.  Lufkin.     Henry  A.  Long.     George  C.  Lord. 

Hiram  O.  Lamb  ;  5  months  at  Fort  Warren,  Bat,  of  Cadets,  1861. 

John  E.  Moody.     Charles  E.  Moulton. 

George  Murray;  3d  Mass.  Cavalry,  from  Jan.  to  Aug.,  1865. 

Edward  Moulton  ;  re-enlisted  in  3d  Mass.  Cavalry. 

Phillip  A.  Manning ;  re-enlisted,  Frontier  Cavalry. 

Hugh  Murphy  ;  re-enlisted,  17th  Mass. 

John  J.  McKenny.     Frank  B.  Messer. 

Joseph  A.  Moultou ;  re-enlisted,  9th  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 

Edward  North;  re-enlisted,  17th  Mass. 

William  H.  Nichols,  Jr. ;  previously  in  R.  I.  Cavalry. 

Thomas  Nugent. 

Thaddeus  Osgood  ;  re-enlisted  and  served  7  months  in  unattached 
company. 

Joseph  H.  Oldsen ;  re-enlisted  in unattached. 

John  O'Connor. 

James  E.  Perry  ;  12th  Mass. ;  discharged  for  disability. 

Isaiah  B.  Peabody.-    George  Pettengill.     Charles  D.  Paine. 

Richard  Poor;  6  months  at  Fort  Warren,  unattached,  1862. 

John  O.  Rollins.     Nathaniel  A.  Riley.     Joshua  O.  Rider. 

John  E.  Rogers ;  2  years  in  Navy ;  discharged  for  disability ;  4th 
Mass.  Cavalry. 

Robert  Rowley. 

Samuel  A.  Stevens ;  2d  Maine ;  discharged  for  disability. 

Frederick  H.  Sanger.     George  L.  Stone.     John  J.  Sheehan. 

Abner  K.  Sanborn;  previously  in  27th  Maine. 

Joseph  Thompson.     John  Thompson.     Joseph  F.  Thomas. 

Theodore  P.  Teague ;  5  months  at  Fort  Warren,  Battalion  of  Ca 
dets,  1862;  4th  Mass.  Cavalry,  1865. 


336      THE    II  u  NO  R  E  D    DAYS'  CAMPAIGN. 

Walter  F.  Tarlton ;  previously  in  8th  Mass. 

Austin  Towne.     Russell  T.  Varney. 

Frederick  Wright ;  1  7th  Mass. ;  discharged  for  disability. 

COMPANY  K,  LAWRENCE. 

This  company  was  a  new  one,  raised  mostly  in  Law 
rence  upon  the  call  of  the  Governor  for  five  thousand  100 
days'  men.  Recruiting  commenced  on  the  llth  day  of 
July,  1864,  and  the  company  was  filled  on  the  evening 
of  the  12th,  went  into  camp  on  the  13th,  was  mustered 
into  the  service  on  the  14th,  and,  on  the  15th  and  16th, 
the  men  were  clothed,  armed,  and  equipped  throughout, 
and  ready  to  move  on  the  17th,  — just  six  days  after  the 
first  movement  was  made. 

"  Capt  Sherman,"  says  the  u  Lawrence  American," 
"  under  extraordinary  difficulties,  raised  a  company  of 
men  for  nine  months'  service,  himself  enlisting  as  a  pri 
vate,  from  which  he  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy,  and, 
as  we  personally  know,  no  braver  or  more  faithful  officer 
has  left  our  city  ;  always  attentive  to  the  needs  of  his 
men,  and  even  when  weak  and'  emaciated  with  sickness, 
as  we  saw  him  at  Port  Hudson  (in  the  48th  Massachu 
setts)  leaving  the  hospital,  against  the  positive  prohibi 
tion  of  the  surgeon,  to  lead  his  men  in  the  assault." 

Lieut.  Batchelder  was  in  the  siege  of  Charleston,  and 
in  the  assault  on  the  forts  there,  with  the  Fortieth  Mas 
sachusetts,  one  of  the  finest  regiments  in  the  service. 
Lieut.,  now  Capt.  Emerson,  was  drummer  in  the  old 
Sixth,  April  19,  1861. 


THE  HUNDRED    DAYS'    CAMPAIGN.        337 

COMPANY   ROSTER. 

Captain,  EDGAR  J.  SHERMAN;  Capt.  in  48th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
First  Lieutenant,  MOULTON    BATCHELDER  ;   Private,  Corporal, 
1st  Sergt.  and  2d  Lieut,  in  40th  Mass.;  ^resigned, 
Jan.  30,  1864. 
Second  Lieutenant,  JOHN  D.  EMERSON  ;  drummer  in  6th  Mass.,  3 

months,  1861 ;  Capt,  Co.  K,  1865. 
First  Sergeant,  GEORGE  N.  ARCHER  ;  8th  Mass.,  3  months,  1861  ; 

2d  Lieut.  Co.  K,  1865. 

Sergeant,  SMITH  DECKER;  13th  Vt,  1862-3  ;  1st  Lieut,  1865. 
"        JOHN  M.  FISHER. 

WILLIAM  H.  SIXER  ;  36th  Mass.;  wounded  and  disch. 
"         LORENZO  S.  LEAVITT,  23d  Maine,  1862-3. 
Corporal,  ALAXSOX  C.  HAIXES;  loth  N.  H.,  1862-3. 

"         SAMUEL  BROUGHTON;    40th    Mass.;    wounded,  dis 
charged  ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 
"         JOSEPH  A.  BABB;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
"         CHARLES  J.  RHOADES  ;  44th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
"        J.  FRANK  EATON  ;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
"         ALBERT  E.  LAZELLE. 
"         EDWARD  B.  TAYLOR. 
Drummer,  AARON  P.   ORDWAY  ;    drummer,  Co.  H,  4th  N.  H.  ; 

discharged  for  disability. 
"         FRANK  A.  EDWARDS. 

PRIVATES. 
Charles  H.  Abbott. 

John  Adams ;  3d  Mass.  Cav. ;  1  year  in  Virginia  and  Colorado. 
Henry  F.  Barnard.    John  Boyle;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3. 
Thomas  Bagley.     John  B.  Brierley. 
Joseph  Buckley.     William  Blyth. 
John  Bond.     John  Busfield. 
William  Barker.     George  Buchan. 
22 


338        THE   HUNDRED    DATS'    CAMPAIGN. 

William  F.  Belanger.     John  Brannan  ;  4th  Mass.,  18G2-3. 

James  M.  Cutter.     Jolm  Chelley. 

Willard  L.  Carleton.     Frank  C.  Carleton. 

Patrick  Curry.     Baldwin  Coolidgc. 

Gardner  A.  Carpenter.     Thomas  Donnelly. 

Ai  E.  Durgin.     Remi  Dionne. 

Thomas  A.  Dyson.     Solomon  N.  Davis. 

William  II.  II.  Davis.     Daniel  N.  Davis. 

Franklin  E.  Doyen.     Benjamin  L.  Dixon. 

John  J.  Dixon.     Trustram  S.  Goss. 

Warren  George.     Moses  F.  Goodwin. 

George  H.  Greene.     William  Heap;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3. 

David  Henderson.     Michael  II.  Herbert. 

Benjamin  F.  Hodgdon.     William  C.  Holt.     Thomas  Ilernon. 

Seth  C.  Hildreth  ;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3  ;  Frontier  Cavalry. 

James  T.  Johnson.     David  Johnston,  Jr. 

Mark  Judge.     James  Leach. 

Murdo  McA.  McKenzie.     John  McCullough. 

Angus  McPhee.     Thomas  Norris. 

Albert  Needham.     Edward  W.  Packard. 

James  Partington  ;  4th  Mass.,  1862-3.     Nathaniel  B.  Parsons. 

James  H.  Rowell.     William  Rushworth. 

John  A.  Ross.     Bernard  Rourk. 

Jolm  G.  Rines.     Leander  A.  Robinson. 

William  Sorton.     George  I.  Sargent. 

Daniel  Stevens.     Melvin  E.  Smith. 

James  Standring.     George  Stewart. 

John  W.  Stewart.     John  Soule. 

John  Summers.     George  WT.  Town. 

David  Y.  Tufts  ;  Gth  Mass.,  3  months,  1861.     Duncan  Wood. 

James  Waddington.     Russell  Wentworth. 

John  Welch.     Lament  C.  Willouby.      John  F.  Whitehill. 

Edward  Lurvey ;  Deserter. 


THE   HUNDRED    DAYS'   CAMPAIGN.       339 

Additional  items,  relating  to  the  Three  Months'  Roster,  obtained 
while  the  book  was  passing  through  the  press,  are  here  printed. 

Company  A.  W.  F.  Lovrein  was  promoted  sergeant  in  18G1 ; 
was  1st  lieutenant  in  Mass.  30th,  and  prisoner  from  June,  1864, 
to  April,  1865.  William  Iligson  afterwards  was  in  the  Navy. 
Gilbert  A.  Hood  was  not  killed.  Bradford  S.  Norton  was  ser 
geant  and  2d  lieutenant  in  the  26th,  and  was  killed  at  Cedar 
Creek.  Charles  H.  Richardson  was  sergeant  in  the  26th  Mass. 

Company  B.  William  T.  Childs  was  2d  lieutenant  in  the  6th 
in  1864.  Joseph  A.  Bacon  was  1st  lieutenant  in  1864.  Solomon 
Story  joined  at  Relay  House,  May  20th.  Avander  N.  Blood  was 
a  musician.  Russell  O.  Houghton  was  promoted  captain.  Ansell 
A.  Stall  was  in  the  33d.  George  N.  Spalding  became  1st  lieuten 
ant  in Mass.  Cavalry.  Charles  H.  Wright  and  Henry  F. 

Whitcomb  afterwards  served  in  a  Massachusetts  regiment. 

Company  C.  Joseph  J.  Donahue  was  in  the  3d  N.  Hampshire. 
Seth  Bonney  was  major  in  the  Mass.  26th.  Thomas  Burns  was 
in  the  Mass.  6th  Battery. 

Company  F.  Lieutenant  Stone  has  been  major  of  the  41st 
Massachusetts.  Andrew  J.  Butterfield  has  not  served  since  the 
three  months'  campaign.  W.  Marland  has  been  captain  in  Nims's 
Battery.  James  A.  Troy  was  captain  in  the  26th. 

Company  G.  Major  Harrison  AV.  Pratt  was  wounded  mortally 
at  Fisher's  Hill.  Brown  P.  Stowell  was  2d  lieutenant  in  Mass. 
42d.  John  E.  Caligan  was  sergeant  and  lieutenant  in  Mass.  34th. 
Thomas  E.  Cogger  was  in  company  A,  Mass.  17th.  George  H. 
Conklin  was  in  Mass.  51st,  and  was  1st  lieutenant  in  Unattached 
Artillery.  Thomas  A.  Doherty  was  in  Mass.  21st.  John  Emer 
son  was  captain  in  Mass.  42d.  Church  Howe  was  aid  to  Major 
General  Sedgwick.  John  F.  Methuen  was  1st  lieutenant  in 
U.  S.  A.  Dennis  H.  Nolan  was  sergeant  in  8th  Penn.  Cavalry. 
Henry  M.  Richter  is  not  dead,  but  was  afterwards  sergeant  in  7th 
R.  Island.  John  F.  Towle  was  in  7th  R,  Island,  and  was  wounded 
at  Petersburg.  Charles  H.  Wilson  was  wounded  at  Roanoke 
Island.  John  Wolf  was  in  7th  Connecticut.  J.  Wallace  Wood 
ward  was  sergeant  in  Mass.  51st. 

Company  I.     Major  Oliver  has  been  lieutenant-colonel. 

Company  K  was  a  long  time  in  the  Fifth  Artillery,  and  after 
wards  in  the  First  Infantry.  J.  S.  Burrill  and  Robert  Cowdin 
should  be  omitted  from  the  list  of  captains.  James  E.  March  is 


340        THE   HUNDRED  DAYS'   CAMPAIGN. 

now  brevet  major  of  volunteers.  William  PI.  Daly  was  in  the 
30th  regiment.  .Omit  Fire  Zouaves  after  Lysander  J.  Hume. 

Company  L.  Sidney  L.  Colley  was  promoted  to  lieutenant. 
Charles  H.  Barry  promoted  to  lieutenant.  James  D.  Sanborn 
was  sergeant  instead  of  captain. 

Company  G.  Worcester.  By  the  kindness  of  His  Honor. 
Mayor  Lincoln,  of  Worcester,  I  am  able  to  present  some  interest 
ing  facts  that  had  not  come  to  my  knowledge  when  the  roster 
passed  through  the  press. 

The  original  charter  bears  the  date  of  1804,  and  has  the  sig 
nature  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  Speaker  of  the  House,  and  Caleb 
Strong,  Governor.  The  petition  for  the  company  is  signed  by 
Levi  Lincoln,  Jr.  (afterwards  Governor),  Levi  Thaxter,  John 
Nelson,  Jr.  (afterward  Rev.  John  Nelson,  D.  D.,  of  Leicester), 
Daniel  W.  Lincoln,  and  thirty-three  others.  The  first  officers 
were  Levi  Thaxter,  captain  ;  Enoch  Flagg,  lieutenant ;  and  Levi 
Lincoln,  ensign.  Many  of  the  principal  citizens  of  Worcester 
have  been  in  the  ranks  of  the  company,  among  whom  may  be 
mentioned  Joseph  R.  Caldwell  ;  Edward  D.  Bangs  (Sec.  of 
Mass.) ;  William  Lincoln  (historian  of  Worcester)  ;  Joseph  Wil- 
lard  (historian  of  Lancaster) ;  Brigadier-General  William  S. 
Lincoln  (of  Mass.  34th)  ;  Brigadier-General  Calvin  E.  Pratt  (of 
N.  York  31st)  ;  Hon.  Isaac  Davis  ;  Hon.  George  W.  Richardson  ; 
Hon.  D.  Waldo  Lincoln  (Mayor  of  Worcster)  ;  and  others  dis 
tinguished  in  the  civil  and  military  history  of  the  state  and  nation. 

The  company  was  in  Boston,  in  defence  of  the  coast,  from 
Sept.  14,  till  Oct.  31,  1814. 

The  following  is  a  complete  list  of  captains  from  1804  to  1806  : 

Levi  Thaxter,  1804-6;  Enoch  Flagg,  1806-9;  William  E. 
Green,  1809-11;  Isaac  Sturtevant,  1811-12;  John  W.  Lincoln, 
1812-16;  Sewall  Hamilton,  1816-20;  John  Coolidge,  1820-22; 
Samuel  Ward,  1822-24  ;  Artemas  Ward,  1824-26  ;  John  Whit- 
temore,  1826-28;  Charles  A.  Hamilton,  1828-31;  William  S. 
Lincoln,  1831-34;  Charles  H.  Geer,  1834-37;  Henry  Hobbs 
1837;  Dana  H.  Fitch,  1837;  D.  Waldo  Lincoln,  1838-40; 
Ivers  Phillips,  1841 ;  Henry  W.  Conklin,  1842;  Joseph  B.  Rip- 
ley,  1843  ;  Edward  Lamb,  1844-8,  50-51,  56-57;  Levi  Barker, 
1849  ;  Charles  S.  Childes,  1852  ;  Samuel  P.  Russell,  1853  ;  George 
W.  Barker,  1854;  George  F.  Peck,  1855;  Harrison  W.Pratt. 
1858-62. 


f 0httU 


THE  LOWELL  MONUMENT. 


HE  propriety  of  placing  a  monument  above  the 
remains  of  Ladd  and  Whitney  was  suggested 
by  Mayor  Sargent,  of  Lowell,  directly  after 
their  funeral ;  and  the  body  of  Ladd  was  re 
turned  to  the  city  with  the  understanding  that 
a  monument  would  at  some  time  be  erected. 
In  1861,  the  mayor  and  aldermen  of  Lowell  ad 
dressed  a  petition  to  the  General  Court,  asking  for  aid  in 
constructing  it ;  but  the  petition  was  referred  to  the  next 
Legislature.  In  1863,  Mayor  Hosford  urged  the  matter  ; 
and  the  legislature  of  that  year  passed  a  resolve,  appro 
priating  $2000,  provided  the  city  would  give  a  like  sum. 
A  plan  was  obtained,  designed  by  Woodcock  &  Meach- 
um,  of  Boston,  and  the  monument  was  wrought  by 
Runels,  Clough,  &  Co.,  and  erected  on  Merrimack  — 
hereafter  Monument  —  Square.  It  was  finished  early 
in  April,  1865,  and  the  intention  was  to  dedicate  it  on  the 
19th,  —  the  anniversary  of  the  event  it  commemorated  ; 
but  the  melancholy  death  of  President  Lincoln  postponed 
the  services  to  June  17.  April  28,  the  bodies  were  de 
posited  in  the  vault  beneath  the  superstructure. 

June  17th,  1865,  dawned  intensely  hot,  yet  very 
pleasant,  and  saw  Lowell  crowded  with  thousands  of  in 
terested  strangers,  who  had  come  from  all  quarters  to 
participate  in  the  day's  exercises.  They  were  very  suc- 

(343) 


3i4  THE   LOWELL    MONUMENT. 

cessfully  performed.  More  than  4500  persons  were  in 
the  procession,  while  the  city,  along  the  route,  was 
densely  thronged.  The  oration  was  by  Gov.  Andrew, 
and  the  religious  exercises  were  conducted  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Amos  Blanchard.  The  services  of  consecration  were 
performed  by  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  of  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons.  The  Governor  closed  his  oration 
in  these  words  :  — 

"  Let  this  monument,  raised  to  preserve  the  names  of  Ladd  and 
Whitney,  —  the  two  young  artisans  of  Lowell,  who  fell  among  the 
first  martyrs  of  the  great  rebellion,  —  let  this  monument,  now 
dedicated  to  their  memory,  stand  for  a  thousand  generations.  It 
is  another  shaft  added  to  the  monumental  columns  of  Middlesex. 
Henceforth  shall  the  inhabitants  of  Lowell  guard  for  Massachu 
setts,  for  patriotism,  and  for  liberty,  this  sacred  trust,  as  they  of 
Acton,  of  Lexington,  of  Concord,  protect  the  votive  stones  which 
commemorate  the  men  of  April,  '75. 

"  Let  it  stand  as  Long  as  the  Merrimac  runs  from  the  mountains 
to  the  sea ;  while  this  busy  stream  of  human  life  sweeps  on  by  the 
banks  of  the  river,  bearing  to  eternity  its  freight  of  destiny  and 
hope.  It  shall  speak  to  your  children,  not  of  death,  but  of  im 
mortality.  It  shall  stand  here,  a  mute,  but  expressive  witness  of 
the  beauty  and  the  dignity  of  youth  and  manly  prime,  consecrated 
in  unselfish  obedience  to  duty.  It  shall  testify  that  gratitude  will 
remember,  and  praise  will  wait  on,  the  humblest,  who,  by  the  in 
trinsic  greatness  of  their  souls,  or  the, worth  of  their  offerings, 
have  risen  to  the  sublime  peerage  of  virtue." 

At  the  close  of  the  services,  a  banquet  was  enjoyed  at 
Huntington  Hall,  which  was  richly  decorated  for  the  oc 
casion.  Among  the  adornments  were  about  fifty  portraits 
of  those  who  had  laid  down  their  lives  for  their  country  dur 
ing  the  past  four  years,  furnished  by  Count  Schwabe,  a 
noble  foreigner,  who,  during  the  war,  contributed  thou 
sands  of  dollars  for  the  relief  of  our  sick  and  wounded 


THE   LOWELL   MONUMENT.  345 

soldiers.     Beside  the  1400  guests  feasted  here,  multi 
tudes  were  provided  for  elsewhere. 

After  dinner,  in  response  to  sentiments  offered  by  C. 
C.  Chase,  Esq.,  toastmaster,  gentlemen  were  called  up 
by  Hon.  J.  G.  Peabody,  mayor  of  the  city,  president  of 
the  day.  Rev.  Mr.  Peck,  Gen.  B.  F.  Butler,  and  Rev. 
J.  W.  Hanson,  responded.  The  latter  was  called  out 
by  the  following  sentiment :  — 

"  THE  SIXTH  MASSACHUSETTS  REGIMENT,  first  in  the  field 
of  danger :  its  record  will  form  a  bright  page  in  the  history  of  the 
Commonwealth." 

The  reponse  was  in  rhyme,  as  follows  :  — 

"  Of  those  who  at  Thermopylse  were  slain, 
Glorious  the  doom  and  beautiful  the  lot; 
Their  tomb  an  altar:  men  from  tears  refrain, 
To  honor  them  and  praise,  but  mourn  them  not ! 
Such  sepulchre  nor  drear  decay, 
Nor  all-destroying  time  shall  waste!  " 

Two  white-winged  ships  from  Europe  sought  the  late- discovered  shore 

Of  bountiful  America,  and  each  full  freightage  bore, 

To  colonize  the  wilderness  and  found  a  mighty  state, 

To  stand  among  the  nations,  down  to  time's  remotest  date. 

In  the  Mayflower's  rude  cabin  rode  a  freedom-loving  band, 
Resolved  that  Heaven's  great  institutes  should  govern  ail  the  land,  — 
Law,  liberty,  and  knowledge,  rights  of  man  and  fear  of  God, 
Should  go  where'er  their  homes  and  fanes  should  rise  above  the  sod. 

In  the  cabin  of  the  other  floated  a  lordly  crew, 
Whose  highest  law,  "  The  many  shall  be  subject  to  the  few;  " 
And  in  the  hold  beneath  them,  stripped  of  all  that  manhood  craves, 
In  manacles  of  iron,  crouched  a  group  of  negro  slaves. 

Each  colony  a  landing  found;  one  reached  old  Plymouth  Rock, 
And  on  New  England's  sterile  soil  set  freedom's  hardy  stock; 
And  one  in  fair  Virginia  planted  that  Upas  tree 
Beneath  whose  poison  shadow  lies  the  blight  of  slavery. 

Both  grew  apace,  —  their  monuments  rose  high  in  all  the  land ; 
The  pilgrims  built  the  school-house,  the  church,  and  sent  the  band 
Of  colonizing  emigrants,  till,  like  the  vital  air, 
Their  heaven-born  institutions  were  potent  everywhere. 


346  THE    LOWELL    MONUMENT. 


The  other,  cruel,  arrogant,  its  deadly  influence  threw 
Wherever  its  protecting  folds  the  star-sprent  banner  flew, 
Till  all  men's  hearts  were  failing  them,  as  they  with  anguish  saw, 
Suspended  o'er  the  land,  the  sword  of  Heaven's  avenging  law. 

In  the  heart  of  each  lay  nourished  a  stern,  relentless  hate; 
And  both  foreread  the  prophecy,  writ  by  the  pen  of  fate, 
That  in  a  mortal  conflict  they  their  forces  should  arra}T, 
And  Liberty  or  Slavery  bear  universal  sway. 

At  length  the  destined  hour  came  on,  when  Slavery,  filled  with  hate, 
Drunken  with  human  suffering,  entrenched  in  church  and  state, 
Lifted  its  iron  gauntlet  high,  to  smite,  with  dastard  blow, 
Time's  last  and  best  republic,  to  a  fatal  overthrow. 

The  flag  that  waved  on  Sumpter's  walls,  from  Carolina's  sands, 
Was  rent  in  twain  by  hostile  shot, —  torn  down  by  traitor  hands; 
And  where  the  cloud-born  eagle  shrieked  from  out  the  stripes  and  stars, 
The  viper  of  secession  hissed,  behind  its  symbol  bars. 

But  every  cannon's  loud-voiced  wrath,  that  o'er  the  country  rolls, 
Finds  echoes  quick  responding  in  twenty  million  souls, — 
And  legions  swift,  invincible,  the  summons  gathers  forth, 
From  the  happy  homes  of  freemen,  in  all  the  loyal  North. 

First  to  meet  the  hastening  dangei*,  foremost  to  do  and  die, 
The  sons  of  Massachusetts  heard  the  loud  alarum  cry; 
And  Essex  shops,  and  Suffolk  mai'ts,  and  Worcester  valleys  then, 
And  Middlesex's  factories,  sent  out  their  bravest  men. 

On  Baltimore's  rude  pavement  their  blood  was  freely  shed; 
With  an  immortal  valor  they  the  martyr  legions  led; 
And  on  the  bright'ning  pnges  of  the  muster-roll  of  fame, 
To-day  we  write,  in  living  light,  each  proud,  illustrious  name. 

Since  then,  what  sacred  blood  has  poured  its  tides  of  crimson  glow, 
By  Mississippi's  yellow  floods,  where  James's  waters  flow, 
Along  Potomac's  rugged  banks,  on  Carolina's  plains!  — 
A  thousand  thirsty  fields  have  drunk  those  pure  and  precious  rains. 

To-day  four  rapid  years  have  passed,  and  lo !  each  patriot  jye 
O'er  Richmond  and  o'er  Charleston  sees  again  the  old  flag  fly,  — 
The  rebel  cohorts  scattered  wide,  and  Treason's  power  o'erthrown, 
Its  altar's  crumbled  fragments  in  ruin  wildly  strewn. 

A  reunited  country,  restored  by  patriot  hands, 
Honored  at  home,  and  all  abroad,  she  now  securely  stands, — 
Tier  beauteous  shield  no  longer  marred  by  battle-dints  and  scars; 
And  on  her  untorn  flag  she  wears  all  the  old  stripes  and  stars! 


THE    LOWELL    MONUMENT.  347 


Tears  for  the  fallen  martyrs  who've  died  without  the  sight 

Of  this,  the  glorious  triumph-hour  of  Justice,  Truth  and  Right ! 

Yet  theirs  a  happier  lot  to  win  than  ours  but  to  receive ; 

For  blessed  most  of  all  are  those  whom  God  empowers  to  give! 

Each  grave  shall  be  a  hallowed  shrine,  a  Mecca  for  men's  feet, 
Around  whose  sacred  boundaries  shall  countless  pilgrims  meet, 
To  bless  the  hands  that  struggled,  and  the  hearts  that  nobly  bled,  — 
The  soldiers  of  the  army,  the  living  and  the  dead. 

Among  them  all  we  celebrate  OUR  DEAD,  who  went  before, 
And  poured  their  precious  blood  upon  the  ground  of  Baltimore; 
Their  noble  lives  and  nobler  deaths  shall  still  be  fondly  known, 
When  Time,  with  iron  tooth,  shall  gnaw  to  dust  yon  shaft  of  stone ! 

Hail !   NEEDITAM,  WHITNEY,  TAYLOR,  LADD  !   the  pioneers  were  ye, 
Who  led  the  bright  procession  on  to  death-bought  victory ! 
Your  memories  embalmed  shall  be  in  a  grateful  nation's  tears, 
Your  names  be  passed  from  sire  to  son,  down  all  the  coming  years ! 

And  here  shall  linger  loving  hearts  yoiir  honored  names  to  read; 
Here  generations  yet  unborn  shall  emulate  each  deed; 
Your  hands  have  joined  to  'Seventy-Five  the  days  of  Sixty-One, 
And  mai'ried  fairest  Baltimore  to  gallant  Lexington ! 

To-day,  upon  this  granite  shrine,  we  kindle  a  new  fire, 
Whose  flame  upon  its  glowing  hearth  shall  never  more  expire ; 
Its  light  shall  down  the  future  shine,  to  guide  the  patriot's  way; 
And  men  shall  learn  to  live  and  die,  directed  by  its  ray. 

And  when  the  drum  forgets  to  throb,  when  o'er  the  cannon's  mouth 
The  spider  weaves  his  web,  and  when,  from  North  to  farthest  South, 
The  sword  shall  rest  in  idleness,  the  battle  cry  shall  cease, 
And  o'er  the  land  the  happy  bells  ring  through  long  years  of  peace,  — 

When,  from  Maine's  rugged  coast  of  pines  to  the  far-off  Golden  Gate, 
Our  happy  children  shall  possess  a  land  regenerate, 
And  our  blood-cemented  Union,  great,  glorious,  and  free, 
Shall  draw  the  wand'rers  of  all  climes  to  a  realm  of  liberty,  — 

To  the  heroes  who  have  fallen,  the  brave  who've  lived  and  died, 
To  all  who've  bled  for  Freedom's  sake,  she'll  point,  with  holy  pride, 
And,  leaning  o'er  each  silent  bed,  as  here  we  bend  to-day, 
Will  pour  her  choicest  chrism  on  their  consecrated  clay. 

The  monument  is  of  Concord  granite,  cruciform,  meas 
uring  fifteen  feet  on  the  longer,  and  twelve  on  the  shorter 


348  THE   LOWELL    MONUMENT. 

arms.  It  is  twenty-seven  feet  and  six  inches  high.  The 
central  shaft  is  placed  upon  a  plinth  and  high  base,  on 
the  two  sides  of  which,  forming  the  longer  arms,  are  two 
sarcophagi,  having  on  their  sides  the  names  of  the  mar 
tyred  soldiers  beneath,  and  on  their  ends  granite  leaves. 
The  cornices  of  the  sarcophagi  are  ornamented  with  thir 
teen  raised  stars ;  four  more  are  on  the  plinth  trusses, 
and  four  near  the  top  of  the  shaft,  making  thirty-four,  — 
the  number  of  the  States  in  1861.  On  the  other  two 
sides  of  the  base,  forming  the  shorter  arms,  are  two 
plinths,  of  the  same  height  as  the  sarcophagi,  on  one  of 
which  is  the  following  inscription :  — 

"  Nothing  is  here  for  tears,  —  nothing  to  wail, 
Or  knock  the  breast ;  no  weakness,  no  contempt, 
Dispraise  or  blame  ;  nothing  but  well  and  fair, 
And  what  may  quiet  us  in  a  death  so  noble." 

L.  C.  LADD.  A.  O.  WHITNEY. 

1861. 

On  the  opposite  plinth :  — 

ADDISON   O.  WHITNEY, 
BORN  IN  WALDO,  ME.,  OCT.  30,  1839, 

LUTHER   C.   LADD, 

BORN  IN  ALEXANDRIA,  N.  H.,  DEC.  22,  1843, 
Marched  from  Lowell  in  the  6  M.  V.  M.  to  the 

Defence  of  the  National  Capital, 
And  fell  mortally  wounded  in  the  attack 
On  their  regiment  while  passing  through 

Baltimore,  April  19,  1861. 
The  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts, 

And  the  City  of  Lowell, 
Dedicate  this  monument  to  their  memory, 

April  19,  1865. 
A.  O.  WHITNEY.  L-  C.  LADD. 


THE   LOWELL   MONUMENT.  349 

The  horizontal  lines  are  merged  into  the  vertical  by 
fluted  trusses,  resting  upon  the  four  arms ;  and  above 
these  is  a  plinth,  with  moulded  base  and  ornamental 
cornice,  on  two  sides  of  which  are  bronzed  medallions, 
representing  the  coats  of  arms  of  Massachusetts  and 
Lowell,  respectively.  Upon  the  plinth  is  a  pyramidal 
shaft,  terminating  in  a  cone. 

These  ceremonies  were  a  fitting  conclusion  to  the 
career  of  the  Sixth  during  the  great  Four  Years'  Rebel 
lion.  Having  felt  the  first  blows  given  in  the  war,  it 
had  sent  into  other  organizations  those  who  received  the 
last  blows,  and  who  yet  remain  in  the  service  of  their 
country.  Not  a  moment  during  the  struggle  was  it 
unrepresented  or  misrepresented.  And  now,  with  its 
ranks  full,  its  discipline  thorough,  with  accomplished 
officers  and  brave  men,  it  is,  and  (let  us  hope)  will 
ever  remain,  as  in  1861,  ready  to  quell  domestic  trea 
son,  or  repel  foreign  aggression,  should  either  ever 
threaten.  May  it  always  do  honor  to  its  historic  tra 
ditions  and  fame ! 


APPENDIX. 


THE  adventures  of  the  car  containing  company  K  and  Major 
Watson,  having  been  somewhat  different  from  those  of  the 
rest  of  the  regiment,  the  author  desired  Major  Watson  to 
furnish  the  story  in  his  own  language.  Just  as  this  book  was 
being  published,  I  received  the  following,  which  will  be  of  great 
interest  to  all.  I  extract  from  the  Register  that  part  which  has 
not  previously  been  stated  in  these  pages. 

"  LAWRENCE,  October  30th,  1865. 

"  My  dear  Sir,  —  I  regret  that  my  engagmcnts  have  not  permitted  me 
time  to  comply  with  your  request,  that  I  should  furnish  you  a  state 
ment  of  my  recollections  of  the  first  campaign  of  the  Old  Sixth.  I  have 
been  too  much  engaged  to  write  a  single  line  at  any  time,  for  publication, 
about  the  deeds  of  our  good  old  regiment.  In  looking  over  the  Massa 
chusetts  State  Register  for  1862,  I  find  a  statement  which  briefly  and 
imperfectly,  but  nevertheless  substantially,  embodies  my  recollections  of 
that  part  of  the  passage  through  Baltimore  coming  under  my  personal 
observation.  I  think  it  is  mainly  to  be  relied  on;  but  it  would  be 
strange  if  all  memories  should  exactly  agree  upon  the  details  of  that 
exciting  occasion.  You  'are  at  liberty  to  make  such  use  of  this  as  you 
may  think  proper.  Very  truly,  your  obedient  servant, 

"B.  F.  WATSON. 
"  Rev.  JOHN  W.  HANSON, 

"  Chaplain  and  Historian  of  6th  Regiment  Mass.  Vol.  Militia, 
Haverhill,  Mass." 

*  *  *  "  On  arriving  at  the  Susquehanna,  our  train  was  greatly 
augmented  by  the  addition  of  cars  containing  an  unarmed  corps 
of  young  men,  apparently  from  sixteen  to  twenty-two  years  of  age, 
(350) 


APPENDIX.  3»">1 

numbering,  as  was  said,  about  one  thousand,  and  calling  them 
selves  Small's  Brigade.  I  am  unaware  that  any  official  recognition 
took  place  between  the  two  corps  at  any  time.  In  re-arranging 
the  train  on  the  south  side  of  the  Susquehanna,  it  being  night-time, 
some  of  the  cars,  in  which  were  a  portion  of  the  Sixth  Regiment, 
were  misplaced,  separating  them-from  the  other  companies  of  the 
regiment,  and  breaking  the  order  in  which  it  was  embarked  in  the 
cars  at  Philadelphia ;  namely,  in  regular  order  from  right  to  left, 
each  company  occupying  a  single  car,  the  last  and  'left'  com 
pany  being  company  K,  Captain  £>ampson,  from  Boston.  This 
disarrangement  of  the  line  was  not  discovered  by  the  regimental 
officers,  and  was  afterward  the  occasion  of  unhappy  results.  The 
great  length  of  the  train  so  retarded  its  speed  that  we  did  not  ar 
rive  in  Baltimore  until  nearly  noon.  *  *  *  The  colonel  also  ordered 
Major  Watson,  his  second  in  command,  to  repair,  upon  the  stop 
ping  of  the  train,  to  the  left  company,  Capt.  Sampson,  to  remain 
in  the  car  with  that  company  until  ordered  to  file  out  into  place 
in  column,  and  charged  him  to  see  the  rear  of  the  battalion 
through  the  city.  When  the  train  arrived  and  stopped,  Major 
Watson  proceeded,  in  obedience  to  this  order,  through  the  gather 
ing  and  excited  crowd,  from  the  forward  car  to  that  one  containing 
Capt.  Sampson's  command.  No  orders  came  to  file  out ;  and,  in 
a  few  minutes'  time,  all  of  the  cars  forward  of  the  one  occupied 
by  Capt.  Sampson's  company,  or  the  larger  portion  of  that  com 
pany,  disappeared,  and  horses  were  being  attached  to  that.  We 
knew  nothing  of  the  movements  of  the  balance  of  the  regiment, 
as  no  intimation  had  been  transmitted  to  us  of  a  change  in  the 
orders.  Our  car  was  drawn  by  horses  until  it  came  to  the  first 
turn  in  the  street,  when,  owing  to  the  obstructions,  it  was  thrown 
from  the  track.  Major  Watson  ordered  Capt.  Sampson  to  pre 
vent  his  men  from  leaving  the  car,  while  he,  with  the  aid  of  a  pass 
ing  team,  succeeded  in  replacing  the  car  upon  the  track.  At  this 
time,  the  mob  were  much  excited,  and  many  missiles  were  thrown 


352  APPENDIX. 

at  and  into  the  car.  We  proceeded  on  to  Pratt  Street,  nearly 
opposite  the  dock,  when  the  mob  surrounded  the  car,  and,  de 
taching  the  horses,  stopped  the  car  in  suspicious  proximity  to  a 
large  pile  of  paving-stones.  Here  a  most  furious  and  determined 
attack  was  made  with  stones  and  other  missiles  and  fire-arms, 
wounding  several  in  the  car,  and  making  of  it  almost  a  complete 
wreck.  After  we  were  fired  upon,  the  fire  was  returned  from 
the  car.  Major  Watson  ordered  the  command  to  shelter  them 
selves,  so  far  as  was  possible,  by  lying  upon  the  floor  of  the  car, 
while  he  went  out  into  the  crowd,  and  by  threats,  enforced  by 
the  formidable  appearance  of  his  revolver,  compelled  the  driver 
to  re-attach  the  horses,  and,  amid  a  fresh  volley,  it  went  forward 
a  short  distance,  when  the  horses  were  again  detached.  Here 
the  crowd  was  less  numerous,  and  Major  Watson  succeeded  in 
again  getting  the  horses  replaced  ;  and  the  car  was 'drawn  to  the 
Washington  Depot  without  further  difficulty,  other  than  an  occa 
sional  stray  shot  or  brick-bat  and  torrents  of  imprecations  and 
threats." 


ERRATA  BY  THE   AUTHOR. 

92,  Huntington  should  be  Harrington. 

101,  for  Garson,  read  Ganson. 

102,  1.  9,  for  May,  read  Maj. 

118,  1.  2,  for  Harrsion,  read  Harrison. 

"     1.  13,  for  Lowell,  read  Lovell. 
150,  and  151,  for  Terry,  read  Ferry. 
322,  1.  12,  For  Mathu,  read  Mather. 


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